SONIA MORETTI, FLAVIA MANCINI, ALESSANDRA BORSETTI^*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.12, pp. 2695-2699, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.022257 - 10 August 2022

Abstract Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies are efficacious for the achievement of sustained virologic response (SVR) in almost all treated hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. However, the impacts of HCV eradication on immune function and chronic immune activation in the long-term remain controversial and limited, especially in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Indeed, although restoration of many immune responses clearly can be observed, several features of immune perturbations persist over time after HCV clearance. Understanding the degree and reasons of the partial recovery of the immune system in chronic HCV/HIV co-infection after HCV elimination is More >

Benjamin Schrijver^1,a, Jorn L. J. C. Assmann^1,a, Adriaan J. van Gammeren², Roel C. H. Vermeulen³, Lützen Portengen³, Peter Heukels⁴, Anton W. Langerak¹, Willem A. Dik¹, Vincent H. J. van der Velden^1,b, Ton A. A. M. Ermens^2,b

European Cytokine Network, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 154-167, 2020, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2020.0456

Abstract COVID-19 differs substantially between individuals, ranging from mild to severe or even fatal. Heterogeneity in the immune response against SARS-COV-2 likely contributes to this. Therefore, we explored the temporal dynamics of key cellular and soluble mediators of innate and adaptive immune activation in relation to COVID-19 severity and progression.
Forty-four patients with a PCR-proven diagnosis of COVID-19 were included. Extensive cellular (leukocytes and T-lymphocyte subsets) and serological immune profiling (cytokines, soluble cell surface molecules, and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies) was performed at hospital admission and every 3-4 days during hospitalization. Measurements and disease outcome were compared between… More >

Douglas S. Kwon^1,2,3, Daniel E. Kaufmann^1,3

European Cytokine Network, Vol.21, No.3, pp. 208-214, 2010, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2010.0201

Abstract Successful pathogen clearance depends on a finely orchestrated equilibrium between inflammatory immune responses and immunoregulatory mechanisms that limit collateral tissue damage. The cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) has been shown to play a critical role in this balance in numerous infectious diseases. Studies in animal models have revealed that IL-10 gene-knockout or signaling blockade can enhance resistance to pathogens, and substantially facilitate viral clearance. These same interventions in other infections however, result in more severe disease due to the inability of the immune system to adequately contain the pathogen load, and to control immune-mediate damage. This… More >