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Search Results (119)
  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dual ligand-targeted Pluronic P123 polymeric micelles enhance the therapeutic effect of breast cancer with bone metastases

    HUAN GAO1,2, JIE ZHANG1, TONY G. KLEIJN1,3,4, ZHAOYONG WU5, BING LIU1,6, YUJIN MA6, BAOYUE DING1,*, DONGFENG YIN2,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 769-784, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.044276

    Abstract Bone metastasis secondary to breast cancer negatively impacts patient quality of life and survival. The treatment of bone metastases is challenging since many anticancer drugs are not effectively delivered to the bone to exert a therapeutic effect. To improve the treatment efficacy, we developed Pluronic P123 (P123)-based polymeric micelles dually decorated with alendronate (ALN) and cancer-specific phage protein DMPGTVLP (DP-8) for targeted drug delivery to breast cancer bone metastases. Doxorubicin (DOX) was selected as the anticancer drug and was encapsulated into the hydrophobic core of the micelles with a high drug loading capacity (3.44%). The DOX-loaded polymeric micelles were spherical,… More > Graphic Abstract

    Dual ligand-targeted Pluronic P123 polymeric micelles enhance the therapeutic effect of breast cancer with bone metastases

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Developing risk models and subtypes of autophagy-associated LncRNAs for enhanced prognostic prediction and precision in therapeutic approaches for liver cancer patients

    LU ZHANG*, JINGUO CHU*, YUSHAN YU

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 703-716, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.030988

    Abstract Background: Limited research has been conducted on the influence of autophagy-associated long non-coding RNAs (ARLncRNAs) on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: We analyzed 371 HCC samples from TCGA, identifying expression networks of ARLncRNAs using autophagy-related genes. Screening for prognostically relevant ARLncRNAs involved univariate Cox regression, Lasso regression, and multivariate Cox regression. A Nomogram was further employed to assess the reliability of Riskscore, calculated from the signatures of screened ARLncRNAs, in predicting outcomes. Additionally, we compared drug sensitivities in patient groups with differing risk levels and investigated potential biological pathways through enrichment analysis, using consensus clustering to identify subgroups… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Codelivery of anti-CD47 antibody and chlorin e6 using a dual pH-sensitive nanodrug for photodynamic immunotherapy of osteosarcoma

    JIJIE XIAO1, HONG XIAO2, YUJUN CAI3, JIANWEI LIAO1, JUE LIU1, LIN YAO1, SHAOLIN LI1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 691-702, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.030767

    Abstract Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from bone tissue that progresses rapidly and has a poor patient prognosis. Immunotherapy has shown great potential in the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment severely limits the efficacy of osteosarcoma treatment. The dual pH-sensitive nanocarrier has emerged as an effective antitumor drug delivery system that can selectively release drugs into the acidic tumor microenvironment. Here, we prepared a dual pH-sensitive nanocarrier, loaded with the photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and CD47 monoclonal antibodies (aCD47), to deliver synergistic photodynamic and immunotherapy of osteosarcoma. On laser irradiation, Ce6 can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to… More > Graphic Abstract

    Codelivery of anti-CD47 antibody and chlorin e6 using a dual pH-sensitive nanodrug for photodynamic immunotherapy of osteosarcoma

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MASS TRANSFER MODELING OF HEPATIC DRUG ELIMINATION USING LOCAL VOLUME AVERAGING APPROACH

    Mohammad Izadifara,b,* , Jane Alcornc

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.3, No.3, pp. 1-7, 2012, DOI:10.5098/hmt.v3.3.3005

    Abstract Applying local volume averaging method a mathematical model including liver porosity, tortuosity, permeability, unbound drug fraction, drugplasma diffusivity, axial/radial dispersion and hepatocellular metabolism parameters was developed for hepatic drug elimination. The model was numerically solved using implicit finite difference method to describe drug concentration gradient with time across the liver. Statistically validated by observations and other models, the model suggested axial dispersion as a significant variable in drug distribution across the liver. Sensitivity analyses revealed that lower liver porosity resulted in faster drug distribution across the liver, and bioavailability was sensitive to the interaction between unbound fraction and intrinsic clearance. More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Stem cell technology for antitumor drug loading and delivery in oncology

    FRANCESCO PETRELLA*, ENRICO MARIO CASSINA, LIDIA LIBRETTI, EMANUELE PIRONDINI, FEDERICO RAVEGLIA, ANTONIO TUORO

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 433-437, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.046497

    Abstract The main aim of antineoplastic treatment is to maximize patient benefit by augmenting the drug accumulation within affected organs and tissues, thus incrementing drug effects and, at the same time, reducing the damage of non-involved tissues to cytotoxic agents. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) represent a group of undifferentiated multipotent cells presenting wide self-renewal features and the capacity to differentiate into an assortment of mesenchymal family cells. During the last year, they have been proposed as natural carriers for the selective release of antitumor drugs to malignant cells, thus optimizing cytotoxic action on cancer cells, while significantly reducing adverse side effects… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A review of the literature on the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma

    ELHAM AMJAD1, RAFFAELE PEZZANI2,3,*, BABAK SOKOUTI1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 439-461, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.044473

    Abstract Noncoding RNAs instruct the Cas9 nuclease to site-specifically cleave DNA in the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Despite the high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the patient’s outcome is poor. As a result of the emergence of therapeutic resistance in HCC patients, clinicians have faced difficulties in treating such tumor. In addition, CRISPR/Cas9 screens were used to identify genes that improve the clinical response of HCC patients. It is the objective of this article to summarize the current understanding of the use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for the treatment of cancer, with a particular emphasis on HCC as part of the current state… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Glycogen metabolism-mediated intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment influences liver cancer prognosis

    YANG ZHANG1,2,#, NANNAN QIN5,#, XIJUN WANG6,#, RUI LIANG7, QUAN LIU4, RUOYI GENG8, TIANXIAO JIANG8, YUNFEI LIU8,*, JINWEI LI3,4,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 563-576, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.029697

    Abstract Glycogen metabolism plays a key role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the function of glycogen metabolism genes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is still to be elucidated. Single-cell RNA-seq data were obtained from ten HCC tumor samples totaling 64,545 cells, and 65 glycogen metabolism genes were analyzed by a nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). The prognosis and immune response of new glycogen TME cell clusters were predicted by using HCC and immunotherapy cohorts from public databases. HCC single-cell analysis was divided into fibroblasts, NT T cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, and B cells, which were separately divided into new… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Folic Acid-Functionalized Nanocrystalline Cellulose as a Renewable and Biocompatible Nanomaterial for Cancer-Targeting Nanoparticles

    Thean Heng Tan1, Najihah Mohd Hashim2, Wageeh Abdulhadi Yehya Dabdawb1, Mochamad Zakki Fahmi3,*, Hwei Voon Lee1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 29-43, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.043449

    Abstract The study focuses on the development of biocompatible and stable FA-functionalized nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) as a potential drug delivery system for targeting folate receptor-positive cancer cells. The FA-functionalized NCCs were synthesized through a series of chemical reactions, resulting in nanoparticles with favorable properties for biomedical applications. The microstructural analysis revealed that the functionalized NCCs maintained their rod-shaped morphology and displayed hydrodynamic diameters suitable for evading the mononuclear phagocytic system while being large enough to target tumor tissues. Importantly, these nanoparticles possessed a negative surface charge, enhancing their stability and repelling potential aggregation. The binding specificity of FA-functionalized NCCs to folate… More > Graphic Abstract

    Folic Acid-Functionalized Nanocrystalline Cellulose as a Renewable and Biocompatible Nanomaterial for Cancer-Targeting Nanoparticles

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    EX VIVO LIVER TISSUE RADIOFREQUENCY THERMAL ABLATION: IR MEASUREMENTS AND SIMULATIONS

    Edoardo Gino Macchi* , Giovanni Braschi, Mario Gallati

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.5, pp. 1-8, 2014, DOI:10.5098/hmt.5.20

    Abstract Radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFTA) is a medical procedure currently widely adopted for liver tumors treatment. Its outcome is strongly influenced by temperature distribution near the RF applicator therefore continuous measurements are required both to validate RFTA numerical models and to better control the outcome of the procedure. The space-time evolution of the thermal field during RFTA on ex vivo porcine liver tissue has been measured by infrared thermal imaging in different experimental setups. A three-dimensional simulation of the whole experiment reproduces all the features of the thermal field measurements and validates the proposed measurement methodology. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Liver Tumor Segmentation Based on Multi-Scale and Self-Attention Mechanism

    Fufang Li, Manlin Luo*, Ming Hu, Guobin Wang, Yan Chen

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.47, No.3, pp. 2835-2850, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.039765

    Abstract Liver cancer has the second highest incidence rate among all types of malignant tumors, and currently, its diagnosis heavily depends on doctors’ manual labeling of CT scan images, a process that is time-consuming and susceptible to subjective errors. To address the aforementioned issues, we propose an automatic segmentation model for liver and tumors called Res2Swin Unet, which is based on the Unet architecture. The model combines Attention-Res2 and Swin Transformer modules for liver and tumor segmentation, respectively. Attention-Res2 merges multiple feature map parts with an Attention gate via skip connections, while Swin Transformer captures long-range dependencies and models the input… More >

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