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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Heart-Net: A Multi-Modal Deep Learning Approach for Diagnosing Cardiovascular Diseases

    Deema Mohammed Alsekait1, Ahmed Younes Shdefat2, Ayman Nabil3, Asif Nawaz4,*, Muhammad Rizwan Rashid Rana4, Zohair Ahmed5, Hanaa Fathi6, Diaa Salama AbdElminaam6,7,8

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.3, pp. 3967-3990, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.054591 - 12 September 2024

    Abstract Heart disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods. Traditional diagnostics face limitations such as reliance on single-modality data and vulnerability to apparatus faults, which can reduce accuracy, especially with poor-quality images. Additionally, these methods often require significant time and expertise, making them less accessible in resource-limited settings. Emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning offer promising solutions by integrating multi-modality data and enhancing diagnostic precision, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs. This study introduces Heart-Net, a multi-modal deep learning framework designed to… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Two Stages Segmentation Algorithm of Breast Tumor in DCE-MRI Based on Multi-Scale Feature and Boundary Attention Mechanism

    Bing Li1,2,*, Liangyu Wang1, Xia Liu1,2, Hongbin Fan1, Bo Wang3, Shoudi Tong1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.1, pp. 1543-1561, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.052009 - 18 July 2024

    Abstract Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of breasts often presents complex backgrounds. Breast tumors exhibit varying sizes, uneven intensity, and indistinct boundaries. These characteristics can lead to challenges such as low accuracy and incorrect segmentation during tumor segmentation. Thus, we propose a two-stage breast tumor segmentation method leveraging multi-scale features and boundary attention mechanisms. Initially, the breast region of interest is extracted to isolate the breast area from surrounding tissues and organs. Subsequently, we devise a fusion network incorporating multi-scale features and boundary attention mechanisms for breast tumor segmentation. We incorporate multi-scale parallel dilated convolution modules into… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhancing Multi-Modality Medical Imaging: A Novel Approach with Laplacian Filter + Discrete Fourier Transform Pre-Processing and Stationary Wavelet Transform Fusion

    Mian Muhammad Danyal1,2, Sarwar Shah Khan3,4,*, Rahim Shah Khan5, Saifullah Jan2, Naeem ur Rahman6

    Journal of Intelligent Medicine and Healthcare, Vol.2, pp. 35-53, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jimh.2024.051340 - 08 July 2024

    Abstract Multi-modality medical images are essential in healthcare as they provide valuable insights for disease diagnosis and treatment. To harness the complementary data provided by various modalities, these images are amalgamated to create a single, more informative image. This fusion process enhances the overall quality and comprehensiveness of the medical imagery, aiding healthcare professionals in making accurate diagnoses and informed treatment decisions. In this study, we propose a new hybrid pre-processing approach, Laplacian Filter + Discrete Fourier Transform (LF+DFT), to enhance medical images before fusion. The LF+DFT approach highlights key details, captures small information, and sharpens… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    GliomaCNN: An Effective Lightweight CNN Model in Assessment of Classifying Brain Tumor from Magnetic Resonance Images Using Explainable AI

    Md. Atiqur Rahman1, Mustavi Ibne Masum1, Khan Md Hasib2, M. F. Mridha3,*, Sultan Alfarhood4, Mejdl Safran4,*, Dunren Che5

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.3, pp. 2425-2448, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.050760 - 08 July 2024

    Abstract Brain tumors pose a significant threat to human lives and have gained increasing attention as the tenth leading cause of global mortality. This study addresses the pressing issue of brain tumor classification using Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It focuses on distinguishing between Low-Grade Gliomas (LGG) and High-Grade Gliomas (HGG). LGGs are benign and typically manageable with surgical resection, while HGGs are malignant and more aggressive. The research introduces an innovative custom convolutional neural network (CNN) model, Glioma-CNN. GliomaCNN stands out as a lightweight CNN model compared to its predecessors. The research utilized the BraTS 2020 More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Contrast Normalization Strategies in Brain Tumor Imaging: From Preprocessing to Classification

    Samar M. Alqhtani1, Toufique A. Soomro2,*, Faisal Bin Ubaid3, Ahmed Ali4, Muhammad Irfan5, Abdullah A. Asiri6

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.2, pp. 1539-1562, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.051475 - 20 May 2024

    Abstract Cancer-related to the nervous system and brain tumors is a leading cause of mortality in various countries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are utilized to capture brain images. MRI plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of brain tumors and the examination of other brain disorders. Typically, manual assessment of MRI images by radiologists or experts is performed to identify brain tumors and abnormalities in the early stages for timely intervention. However, early diagnosis of brain tumors is intricate, necessitating the use of computerized methods. This research introduces an innovative approach for… More > Graphic Abstract

    Contrast Normalization Strategies in Brain Tumor Imaging: From Preprocessing to Classification

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Deep Learning Framework for Mass-Forming Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Classification Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    Luda Chen1, Kuangzhu Bao2, Ying Chen2, Jingang Hao2,*, Jianfeng He1,3,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 409-427, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.048507 - 25 April 2024

    Abstract Pancreatic diseases, including mass-forming chronic pancreatitis (MFCP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), present with similar imaging features, leading to diagnostic complexities. Deep Learning (DL) methods have been shown to perform well on diagnostic tasks. Existing DL pancreatic lesion diagnosis studies based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) utilize the prior information to guide models to focus on the lesion region. However, over-reliance on prior information may ignore the background information that is helpful for diagnosis. This study verifies the diagnostic significance of the background information using a clinical dataset. Consequently, the Prior Difference Guidance Network (PDGNet)… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Congenital Absence of Pericardium: The Largest Systematic Review in the Field on 247 Worldwide Cases (1977-Now)

    Pier Paolo Bassareo1,2,3,*, Aurelio Secinaro4, Paolo Ciliberti5, Massimo Chessa6,7, Marco Alfonso Perrone5,8, Kevin Patrick Walsh1,2,3, Colin Joseph Mcmahon2,3

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.18, No.6, pp. 595-610, 2023, DOI:10.32604/chd.2023.046229 - 19 January 2024

    Abstract Background: Congenital absence of pericardium (CAP), also known as pericardial agenesis, represents an uncommon cardiac abnormality and mostly incidental finding. It can be subdivided into complete and partial (left or right-sided) forms. Because of its infrequency, just case reports and a few case series have been released so far. This paper represents the largest systematic review in the field. Nine features (age at diagnosis, type, gender, clinical presentation, electrocardiography, imaging (ultrasounds, CT/MRI), concomitant cardiac defects, and outcome) were analysed. Methods: The electronic database PubMed was investigated from its establishment up to July 15th, 2023. Just case… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    3D Kronecker Convolutional Feature Pyramid for Brain Tumor Semantic Segmentation in MR Imaging

    Kainat Nazir1, Tahir Mustafa Madni1, Uzair Iqbal Janjua1, Umer Javed2, Muhammad Attique Khan3, Usman Tariq4, Jae-Hyuk Cha5,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.3, pp. 2861-2877, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.039181 - 08 October 2023

    Abstract Brain tumor significantly impacts the quality of life and changes everything for a patient and their loved ones. Diagnosing a brain tumor usually begins with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The manual brain tumor diagnosis from the MRO images always requires an expert radiologist. However, this process is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, a computerized technique is required for brain tumor detection in MRI images. Using the MRI, a novel mechanism of the three-dimensional (3D) Kronecker convolution feature pyramid (KCFP) is used to segment brain tumors, resolving the pixel loss and weak processing of multi-scale lesions. A… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Minor Pressure Differences within the Fontan-Anastomosis in Patients with Total Cavopulmonary Connection by 4D-Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    Nerejda Shehu1,*, Christian Meierhofer1, Anja Hennemuth2,3, Markus Hüllebrand2,3, Pavlo Yevtushenko3, Peter Ewert1, Stefan Martinoff4, Heiko Stern1

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 461-474, 2023, DOI:10.32604/chd.2023.031075 - 15 September 2023

    Abstract Background: Pressure measurement in total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) patients is a domain of cardiac catheterization. 4D velocity encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D–flow MRI) offers an alternative for assessment of even minor pressure differences. The scope of this study was to measure even minor pressure differences in the anastomosis of TCPC patients, who are clinically uncompromised. Methods: Twenty-four patients (median 15 years [8;34]) with TCPC were studied prospectively by 4D-flow MRI. Pressure differences between superior vena cava (SVC) and extracardiac conduit (C) to both right pulmonary artery (RPA) and left pulmonary artery (LPA) were assessed. Small… More > Graphic Abstract

    Minor Pressure Differences within the Fontan-Anastomosis in Patients with Total Cavopulmonary Connection by 4D-Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Knee Osteoarthritis Classification Using X-Ray Images Based on Optimal Deep Neural Network

    Abdul Haseeb1, Muhammad Attique Khan1,*, Faheem Shehzad1, Majed Alhaisoni2, Junaid Ali Khan1, Taerang Kim3, Jae-Hyuk Cha3

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.47, No.2, pp. 2397-2415, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.040529 - 28 July 2023

    Abstract X-Ray knee imaging is widely used to detect knee osteoarthritis due to ease of availability and lesser cost. However, the manual categorization of knee joint disorders is time-consuming, requires an expert person, and is costly. This article proposes a new approach to classifying knee osteoarthritis using deep learning and a whale optimization algorithm. Two pre-trained deep learning models (Efficientnet-b0 and Densenet201) have been employed for the training and feature extraction. Deep transfer learning with fixed hyperparameter values has been employed to train both selected models on the knee X-Ray images. In the next step, fusion… More >

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