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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    The role of transcriptional factor brachyury in the development and repair of nucleus pulposus

    YINGHUI WU#, HONG ZHANG#, QIANG WANG, SUOYUAN LI, JUN SHEN*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.6, pp. 1363-1364, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018360

    Abstract Transcription factor Brachyury, a protein containing 435 amino acids, has been widely investigated and reported in notochord differentiation and nucleus pulposus development. The crucial functions and underlying mechanisms by Brachyury are discussed in this paper, which suggests Brachyury can be developed into a potential novel target for the therapy of intervertebral disc degeneration. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Osmoregulatory Function of Large Vacuoles Found in Notochordal Cells of the Intervertebral Disc Running Title: An Osmoregulatory Vacuole

    Christopher J. Hunter∗,†, Sophia Bianchi*, Phil Cheng, Ken Muldrew∗,‡

    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.4, No.4, pp. 227-238, 2007, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2007.004.227

    Abstract The nucleus pulposi of many species contain residual cells from the embryonic notochord, which exhibit a very unusual appearance (large vacuoles occupying ~80% of the cell volume, surrounded by an actin cytoskeleton). While the vacuoles have been qualitatively described, their composition and function has remained elusive. Given that these cells are believed to generate and experience significant osmotic pressures in both the notochord and intervertebral disc, we hypothesized that the vacuoles may serve as osmoregulatory organelles. Using both experimental and theoretical means, we demonstrated that the vacuoles contain a low-osmolality solution, generated via ion pumps on the vacuolar membrane. During… More >

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