Daniyal Asif^1,*, Nabil Kerdid², Muhammad Shoaib Arif³, Mairaj Bibi⁴

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.077334 - 30 March 2026

Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the leading causes of death related to gynecological cancer, with the main difficulty of its early diagnosis and a heterogeneous nature of tumor biomarkers. Machine learning (ML) has the potential to process complex datasets and support decision-making in OC diagnosis. Nevertheless, traditional ML models tend to be biased, overfitting, noisy, and less generalized. Moreover, their black-box nature reduces interpretability and limits their practical clinical applicability. In this study, we introduce an explainable ensemble learning (EL) model, TreeX-Stack, based on a stacking architecture that employs tree-based learners such as Decision… More >

Gwan Hee Han^1,2,#, Hee Yun^3,#, Joon-Yong Chung⁴, Jae-Hoon Kim^3,5,6, Hanbyoul Cho^3,5,6,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.072105 - 24 February 2026

Abstract Objectives: Phosphodiesterase 1A (PDE1A) regulates intracellular cyclic nucleotide signaling and has been implicated in tumor progression, but its clinical relevance and functional role in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), particularly in relation to the response to platinum remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of PDE1A in EOG and to clarify its functional role in tumor progression and response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: PDE1A mRNA and protein levels were analyzed using public databases, RNA sequencing, and immunohistochemistry. Correlations between PDE1A expression, clinicopathological features, and prognosis were assessed. Functional roles were investigated in ovarian… More >

Oncology Research Editorial Office

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.077268 - 30 December 2025

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

Jianfa Wu^1,2,3, Huang Chen³, Sihong Wang^1,2, Lei Peng^1,2, Xiaoying Hu^1,2, Zhou Liu^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.070542 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Objectives: Ribosomal protein S6 kinase A2 (RPS6KA2) has been identified as a potential prognostic biomarker in several cancers, including breast cancer, glioblastoma, and prostate cancer. However, its functional significance in ovarian cancer is not well characterized. This study was designed to explore the therapeutic relevance of modulating RPS6KA2 in the context of ovarian cancer, particularly in relation to cisplatin resistance. Methods: The expression levels of RPS6KA2 and key regulators involved in autophagy and ferroptosis were assessed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. Prognostic associations were conducted using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database.… More >

Yimin Liu^1,#, Bin Liu^2,3,4,#, Huabin Gao¹, Jinlong Wang⁵, Jingya Duan¹, Xiaolan Huang¹, Yuexi Liu¹, Ying Huang¹, Wenjing Liao¹, Ruonan Li^1,*, Hua Linghu^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.069007 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Objectives: High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), the most common subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), exhibits a mesenchymal phenotype characterized by fibrotic stroma and poor prognosis. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a key diagnostic biomarker for ovarian cancer, is involved in fibrotic processes in several non-malignant diseases. Given the clinical significance of stromal fibrosis in HGSOC and the potential link between HE4 and fibrosis, this study aimed to investigate the role of HE4 in the formation of stromal fibrosis in HGSOC. Methods: A total of 126 patients with gynecological conditions were included and divided into… More > Graphic Abstract

Hiroshi Yoshida^1,*, Mayumi Kobayashi Kato²

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.12, pp. 3701-3730, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.068432 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (OEC) accounts for ~10% of epithelial ovarian cancers and displays broad morphologic diversity that complicates diagnosis and grading. Recent data show that the endometrial cancer molecular taxonomy (DNA polymerase epsilon, catalytic subunit [POLE]-ultramutated, mismatch repair-deficient [MMRd], p53-abnormal, no specific molecular profile [NSMP]) also applies to OEC, and that OEC is enriched for Lynch syndrome–associated tumors, supporting routine MMR testing. We aimed to synthesize contemporary evidence spanning epidemiology, histopathology and immunophenotype, diagnostic pitfalls and differential diagnosis, and to evaluate the clinical utility of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-surrogate molecular classification for risk stratification; More >

Szymon Piątek¹, Anna Dańska-Bidzińska^2,*, Paweł Derlatka², Bartosz Szymanowski³, Renata Duchnowska³, Aleksandra Zielińska⁴, Natalia Sawicka⁴, Aleksander Gorzeń⁵, Wojciech Michalski⁶, Mariusz Bidziński¹

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3405-3416, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.068609 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Objectives: Monitoring of Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) during ovarian cancer (OC) maintenance treatment with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) may be insufficient when using Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) biochemical progression criteria. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of CA125 monitoring in detecting OC recurrence during PARPis maintenance treatment. Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included patients with primary OC who achieved complete or partial response after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy followed by PARPis maintenance treatment. Progression was defined using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and GCIG biochemical criteria. New biochemical progression definitions, based on… More >

Wenjing Liao^1,#, Liaodi Wang^2,#, Zhen Huang¹, Ziyu Zou¹, Yimin Liu¹, Haoyue Liu¹, Zhaoning Duan¹, Liangdan Tang^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.10, pp. 3041-3064, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.065451 - 26 September 2025

Abstract Objectives: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly heterogeneous disease characterized by high metastatic potential and frequent recurrence. 3β-hydroxysterol Δ24-reductase (DHCR24) is closely associated with the progression of various malignant tumors, but its role in OC remains unexplored. This study is the first to systematically investigate the function of DHCR24 in OC and elucidate its mechanism in promoting OC progression, providing novel theoretical insights for targeted therapy. Methods: The expression of DHCR24 was evaluated in tissues using bioinformatics and clinical data; the impact of DHCR24 on the malignant behavior of OC was assessed through in vivo and in… More >

Liang Yu^1,#, Mingrui Zhao^1,#, Jinhui Liu², Yuqin Yang¹, Lin Zhang², Wenjun Cheng^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.10, pp. 3007-3022, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.065137 - 26 September 2025

Abstract Background: The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage I ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (OEC) remains controversial. Hence, the study sought to explore its value in stage I OEC patients. Methods: Stage I OEC patients (1988–2018) were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Multivariate Cox analysis was used to control confounders. Logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to assess the survival benefits. Single-center clinical data and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines provided external validation. Result: Adjuvant chemotherapy correlated with improved survival (Hazard… More >

Lingjuan Linghu^1,#, Hongying Zhou^2,#, Gang Zheng¹, Tao Yi^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.9, pp. 2421-2434, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.063724 - 28 August 2025

Abstract Objectives: Ovarian cancer, a leading cause of gynecological malignancy-related mortality, is characterized by limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. Although pyrimethamine has emerged as a promising candidate demonstrating efficacy in treating various tumors, the precise mechanisms of its antitumor effects remain obscure. This study was specifically designed to investigate the mode of action underlying the antitumor effects of pyrimethamine in preclinical settings. Methods: The effects of pyrimethamine on cellular proliferation were meticulously assessed using both the cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay and the colony formation assay, with the effects further confirmed in a… More >