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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Antimicrobial evaluation of extracts obtained from tropical micromycetes against phytopathogens

    Moreno Pérez P1,3, M Gamboa Angulo1, G Heredia2, B Canto Canché1, CM Rodríguez García1, IL Medina Baizabal1, L Peraza Echeverría1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.85, pp. 7-14, 2016, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2016.85.007

    Abstract Nowadays, it is highly necessary to find more and safer agrochemicals. In this sense, micromycetes are an important source of natural products which could be used to control plant diseases. Therefore with the aims to contribute in this searching of natural products with antimicrobial applications, a total of 49 fungal strains were isolated from the Yucatan Peninsula. These fungi were cultured in fermented rice, their respective organic extracts macerated in ethyl acetate (EAE) and methanol (ME) were obtained and tested against five fungal pathogens of agricultural importance. These included Alternaria chrysanthemi, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Mycosphaerella fijiensis, and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Are “Higher-Order” and “Layer-wise Zig-Zag” Plate & Shell Theories Necessary for Functionally Graded Materials and Structures?

    Yaping Zhang1, Qifeng Fan2, Leiting Dong2,3, Satya N. Atluri4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.112, No.1, pp. 1-32, 2016, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2016.112.001

    Abstract Similar to the very vast prior literature on analyzing laminated composite structures, "higher-order" and "layer-wise higher-order" plate and shell theories for functionally-graded (FG) materials and structures are also widely popularized in the literature of the past two decades. However, such higher-order theories involve (1) postulating very complex assumptions for plate/shell kinematics in the thickness direction, (2) defining generalized variables of displacements, strains, and stresses, and (3) developing very complex governing equilibrium, compatibility, and constitutive equations in terms of newly-defined generalized kinematic and generalized kinetic variables. Their industrial applications are thus hindered by their inherent complexity,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Are Higher-Order Theories and Layer-wise Zig-Zag Theories Necessary for N-Layer Composite Laminates?

    Qifeng Fan1, Yaping Zhang2, Leiting Dong1,3, Shu Li1, Satya N. Atluri4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.107, No.2, pp. 155-186, 2015, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2015.107.155

    Abstract Although “higher-order” and layer-wise “higher-order” plate and shell theories for composite laminates are widely popularized in the current literature, they involve (1) postulating very complex assumptions of plate/shell kinematics in the thickness direction, (2) defining generalized variables of displacements, strains, and stresses, and (3) developing very complex governing equilibrium, compatibility, and constitutive equations in terms of newly-defined generalized kinemaic and generalized kinetic variables. Their industrial applications are thus hindered by their inherent complexity, and the fact that it is difficult for end-users (front-line structural engineers) to completely understand all the newly-defined FEM DOFs in higher-order… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Probability Density Transitions in the FitzHugh-Nagumo Model with Lévy Noise

    Xu Yong1,2, Feng Jing1, Xu Wei1, Gu Rencai1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.106, No.5, pp. 309-322, 2015, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2015.106.309

    Abstract In this paper, bifurcation analysis and numerical simulations are performed on the FitzHugh-Nagumo system in the presence of Lévy stable noise. The stationary probability density functions are obtained to examine the influences of noise intensity and stability index. Results show that under the influences of noise intensity and stability index, the dynamic of the FitzHugh-Nagumo model can be well characterized through the concept of stochastic bifurcation, consisting in qualitative changes of the stationary probability distribution. Then, the mean passage time between the resting and action state is investigated as functions of noise intensity and stability More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Simulation of An Experienced Farmer Lifting Tubers of Cassava for Designing A Bionic Harvester

    Wang Yang1,2, Juanjuan Li1, Jian Yang1,3, Lin Wei4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.104, No.6, pp. 471-491, 2015, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2015.104.471

    Abstract Harvesting is the most difficult and costly operation in cassava production. Currently, most cassava harvest still depends on manual tools. Effective mechanized harvesters are necessary to improve harvesting quality and reduce production cost. Therefore, it is very important to figure out key information for designing an effective tuber lifting system used in bionic “dig-pull” harvesters. A numerical simulation model of human-stem-tuber-soil system was developed to carry out numerical simulation of manually pulling tuber. Coupling algorithm of Lagrange and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) was used in the model. Lifting mechanism of experienced farmer was studied at… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Spatial distribution of Asclepias curassavica L., in the State of Mexico, Mexico

    Ramírez-Dávila JF1, RA Jiménez-Carrillo2, JR Sánchez-Pale1, M Rubí Arriaga1, DK Figueroa-Figueroa1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 193-202, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.193

    Abstract This study contributes to the knowledge of the biodiversity of the flora of the State of Mexico through an analysis of the distribution and abundance of Asclepias curassavica L., which is planted with ornamental and medicinal potential. The study was carried out in the municipalities of Temascaltepec, Malinalco and Valle de Bravo. The spatial statistical method was used to determine the distribution of A. curassavica based on the method SADIE (spatial analysis by remote indexes). Sampling transects of 200 m, marked every 10 m, were used in the three municipalities, during three times of the year, spring,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Cytotoxicity assessment of a gold nanoparticle-chitosan nanocomposite as an effi cient support for cell immobilization: comparison with chitosan hydrogel and chitosan-gelatin

    Mohammad Reza RAMEZANI1, Hossein NADERI-MANESH1, *, Hossain-Ali RAFIEEPOUR2

    BIOCELL, Vol.38, No.1, pp. 11-16, 2014, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2014.38.011

    Abstract Cell-based biosensors have become a research hotspot in the biosensors and bioelectronics fields. The main feature of cell-based biosensors is immobilization of living cells on the surface of transducers. Different types of polymers which are used as scaffolds for cell growth should be biocompatible and should have reactive functional groups for further attachment of biomolecules. In this work, cell attachment and proliferation on chitosan hydrogel, chitosan-gelatin and gold nanoparticle-chitosan nanocomposite membranes was studied. Characterization of the membranes was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Cytotoxicity assessment on HEK293 More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    High passage numbers induce resistance to apoptosis in C2C12 muscle cells

    LUCIA PRONSATO, ANABELA LA COLLA, ANA CAROLINA RONDA, LORENA MILANESI, RICARDO BOLAND, ANDREA VASCONSUELO*

    BIOCELL, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 1-9, 2013, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2013.37.001

    Abstract Cell lines with high passage numbers exhibit alterations in cell morphology and functions. In the present work, C2C12 skeletal muscle cells with either low (<20) or high (>60) passage numbers (identified as lC2C12 or h-C2C12, respectively) were used to investigate the apoptotic response to H2 O2 as a function of culture age h-C2C12. We found that older cultures (h-C2C12 group) were depleted of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). When we analyzed the behavior of Bad, Bax, caspase-3 and mitochondrial transmembrane potential, we observed that cells in the h-C2C12 group were resistant to H2 O2 induction of More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Immunoassay of Human Immunoglobulin Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance

    Sheng D. Chao

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.17, No.2, pp. 33-34, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.017.033

    Abstract We performed an immunoassay analysis using the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) biosensor to detect the specific binding reaction of the (Human IgG1)-(Anti-Human IgG1) protein pair. Both experimental and computational were used to study biomolecular binding reactions in microfluidic channels. We discussed the unsteady convective diffusion in the transportation tube and found that the distribution of the analyte concentration in the tube is strongly affected by the flow field. Due to this, large discrepancies between the simulations and experimental results were observed. We show that the conventional assumption of the uniform and steady analyte concentration used More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Colossal Piezoresistive Effect in Nickel Nanostrand Polymer Composites and a Quantum Tunneling Model

    Oliver K. Johnson1, Calvin J. Gardner1, David T. Fullwood1, Brent L.Adams1, Nathan Hansen2, George Hansen2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.15, No.2, pp. 87-112, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2010.015.087

    Abstract A novel nickel nanostrand-silicone composite material at an optimized 15 vol% filler concentration demonstrates a dramatic piezoresistive effect with a negative gauge factor (ratio of percent change in resistivity to strain). The composite volume resistivity decreases in excess of three orders of magnitude at a 60% strain. The piezoresistivity does decrease slightly as a function of cycles, but not significantly as a function of time. The material's resistivity is also temperature dependent, once again with a negative dependence.
    The evidence indicates that nickel strands are physically separated by matrix material even at high volume fractions, and More >

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