Mehran Tarif¹, Mohammadhossein Homaei^2,*, Amir Mosavi^3,4,5

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.2, pp. 1791-1820, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.063962 - 16 April 2025

Abstract Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are gaining popularity because of their potential uses in oceanography, seismic activity monitoring, environmental preservation, and underwater mapping. Yet, these networks are faced with challenges such as self-interference, long propagation delays, limited bandwidth, and changing network topologies. These challenges are coped with by designing advanced routing protocols. In this work, we present Under Water Fuzzy-Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy networks (UWF-RPL), an enhanced fuzzy-based protocol that improves decision-making during path selection and traffic distribution over different network nodes. Our method extends RPL with the aid of fuzzy logic More >

Aadil Mushtaq Pandith¹, Manni Kumar², Naveen Kumar³, Nitin Goyal^4,*, Sachin Ahuja², Yonis Gulzar⁵, Rashi Rastogi⁶, Rupesh Gupta⁷

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.1, pp. 259-279, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.062608 - 26 March 2025

Abstract Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) rely on data aggregation to streamline routing operations by merging information at intermediate nodes before transmitting it to the sink. However, many existing data aggregation techniques are designed exclusively for static networks and fail to reflect the dynamic nature of underwater environments. Additionally, conventional multi-hop data gathering techniques often lead to energy depletion problems near the sink, commonly known as the energy hole issue. Moreover, cluster-based aggregation methods face significant challenges such as cluster head (CH) failures and collisions within clusters that degrade overall network performance. To address these limitations,… More >

Ghufran Ahmed¹, Saiful Islam², Ihsan Ali³, Isra Adil Hayder⁴, Abdelmuttlib Ibrahim Abdalla Ahmed³, Muhammad Talha⁵, Sultan S. Alshamrani⁶, Ag Asri Ag Ibrahim^7,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 1301-1322, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017062 - 04 June 2021

Abstract Underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) refers to a procedure that promotes a broad spectrum of aquatic applications. UASNs can be practically applied in seismic checking, ocean mine identification, resource exploration, pollution checking, and disaster avoidance. UASN confronts many difficulties and issues, such as low bandwidth, node movements, propagation delay, 3D arrangement, energy limitation, and high-cost production and arrangement costs caused by antagonistic underwater situations. Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are considered a major issue being encountered in energy management because of the limited battery power of their nodes. Moreover, the harsh underwater environment requires vendors… More >