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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review of the Applications of Nanofluids and Related Hybrid Variants in Flat Tube Car Radiators

    Saeed Dinarvand*, Amirmohammad Abbasi, Sogol Gharsi

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 37-60, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.057545 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The present review explores the promising role of nanofluids and related hybrid variants in enhancing the efficiency of flat tube car radiators. As vehicles become more advanced and demand better thermal performance, traditional coolants are starting to fall short. Nanofluids, which involve tiny nanoparticles dispersed into standard cooling liquids, offer a new solution by significantly improving heat transfer capabilities. The article categorizes the different types of nanofluids (ranging from those based on metals and metal oxides to carbon materials and hybrid combinations) and examines their effects on the improvement of radiator performance. General consensus More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genetic signatures of ERCC1 and ERCC2 expression, along with SNPs variants, unveil favorable prognosis in SCLC patients undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy

    ENRICO CALIMAN1,2, SARA FANCELLI1,2, FEDERICO SCOLARI3, ADRIANO PASQUI4, CLARA MANNESCHI4, DANIELE LAVACCHI1, FRANCESCA MAZZONI4, FRANCESCA GENSINI5, VALERIA PASINI6, CAMILLA EVA COMIN2,7, LUCA VOLTOLINI2,8, SERENA PILLOZZI1,2,*, LORENZO ANTONUZZO1,2,4

    Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 45-55, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.050161 - 20 December 2024

    Abstract Background: Platinum chemotherapy (CT) remains the backbone of systemic therapy for patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). The nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway plays a central role in the repair of the DNA damage exerted by platinum agents. Alteration in this repair mechanism may affect patients’ survival. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 38 patients with extensive disease (ED)-SCLC who underwent platinum-CT at the Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (Italy), from 2015 to 2020. mRNA expression analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) characterization of three NER pathway genes—namely ERCC1, ERCC2,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Efficient and Cost-Effective Vehicle Detection in Foggy Weather for Edge/Fog-Enabled Traffic Surveillance and Collision Avoidance Systems

    Naeem Raza1, Muhammad Asif Habib1, Mudassar Ahmad1, Qaisar Abbas2,*, Mutlaq B. Aldajani2, Muhammad Ahsan Latif3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.1, pp. 911-931, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.055049 - 15 October 2024

    Abstract Vision-based vehicle detection in adverse weather conditions such as fog, haze, and mist is a challenging research area in the fields of autonomous vehicles, collision avoidance, and Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled edge/fog computing traffic surveillance and monitoring systems. Efficient and cost-effective vehicle detection at high accuracy and speed in foggy weather is essential to avoiding road traffic collisions in real-time. To evaluate vision-based vehicle detection performance in foggy weather conditions, state-of-the-art Vehicle Detection in Adverse Weather Nature (DAWN) and Foggy Driving (FD) datasets are self-annotated using the YOLO LABEL tool and customized to four vehicle… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Accounting for Quadratic and Cubic Invariants in Continuum Mechanics–An Overview

    Artur V. Dmitrenko1,2,*, Vladislav M. Ovsyannikov2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.9, pp. 1925-1939, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.048389 - 23 August 2024

    Abstract The differential equations of continuum mechanics are the basis of an uncountable variety of phenomena and technological processes in fluid-dynamics and related fields. These equations contain derivatives of the first order with respect to time. The derivation of the equations of continuum mechanics uses the limit transitions of the tendency of the volume increment and the time increment to zero. Derivatives are used to derive the wave equation. The differential wave equation is second order in time. Therefore, increments of volume and increments of time in continuum mechanics should be considered as small but finite More >

  • Open Access

    VIEWPOINT

    Non-canonical BRAF variants and rearrangements in hairy cell leukemia

    STEPHEN E. LANGABEER*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.9, pp. 1423-1427, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.051218 - 23 August 2024

    Abstract Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an uncommon mature B-cell malignancy characterized by a typical morphology, immunophenotype, and clinical profile. The vast majority of HCL patients harbor the canonical BRAF V600E mutation which has become a rationalized target of the subsequently deregulated RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK signaling pathway in HCL patients who have relapsed or who are refractory to front-line therapy. However, several HCL patients with a classical phenotype display non-canonical BRAF mutations or rearrangements. These include sequence variants within alternative exons and an oncogenic fusion with the IGH gene. Care must be taken in the molecular diagnostic work-up of patients More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Vaccinia-related kinase 2 variants differentially affect breast cancer growth by regulating kinase activity

    SEUNG-HEE GWAK1, JUHYUN LEE1, EUNJI OH1, DOHYUN LEE1,2, WONSHIK HAN3, JONGMIN KIM1,*, KYONG-TAI KIM4,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 421-432, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.031031 - 28 December 2023

    Abstract Genetic information is transcribed from genomic DNA to mRNA, which is then translated into three-dimensional proteins. mRNAs can undergo various post-transcriptional modifications, including RNA editing that alters mRNA sequences, ultimately affecting protein function. In this study, RNA editing was identified at the 499th base (c.499) of human vaccinia-related kinase 2 (VRK2). This RNA editing changes the amino acid in the catalytic domain of VRK2 from isoleucine (with adenine base) to valine (with guanine base). Isoleucine-containing VRK2 has higher kinase activity than the valine-containing VRK2, which leads to an increase in tumor cell proliferation. Earlier we… More > Graphic Abstract

    Vaccinia-related kinase 2 variants differentially affect breast cancer growth by regulating kinase activity

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Molecular basis of COVID-19, ARDS and COVID-19-associated ARDS: Diagnosis pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies

    PRIYADHARSHINI THANJAVUR SRIRAMAMOORTHI1,2, GAYATHRI GOPAL1,2, SHIBI MURALIDAR1,2, SAI RAMANAN ESWARAN1,2, DANUSH NARAYAN PANNEERSELVAM1,2, BHUVANESWARAN MEIYANATHAN1,2, SRICHANDRASEKAR THUTHIKKADU INDHUPRAKASH1,2, SENTHIL VISAGA AMBI1,2,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.11, pp. 2335-2350, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.029379 - 27 November 2023

    Abstract The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is spreading worldwide and threatening people greatly. The routes by which SARS-CoV-2 causes lung injury have grown to be a major concern in the scientific community since patients with new Coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have a high likelihood of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe cases. The mortality rate of COVID-19 has increased over the period due to rapid spread, and it becomes crucial to understand the disease epidemiology, pathogenic mechanisms, and suitable treatment strategies. ARDS is a respiratory disorder and is one of the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Molecular basis of COVID-19, ARDS and COVID-19-associated ARDS: Diagnosis pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Determination of AVR System PID Controller Parameters Using Improved Variants of Reptile Search Algorithm and a Novel Objective Function

    Baran Hekimoğlu*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.7, pp. 1515-1540, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.029024 - 04 May 2023

    Abstract Two novel improved variants of reptile search algorithm (RSA), RSA with opposition-based learning (ORSA) and hybrid ORSA with pattern search (ORSAPS), are proposed to determine the proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controller parameters of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system using a novel objective function with augmented flexibility. In the proposed algorithms, the opposition-based learning technique improves the global search abilities of the original RSA algorithm, while the hybridization with the pattern search (PS) algorithm improves the local search abilities. Both algorithms are compared with the original RSA algorithm and have shown to be highly… More > Graphic Abstract

    Determination of AVR System PID Controller Parameters Using Improved Variants of Reptile Search Algorithm and a Novel Objective Function

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Exploring Splicing Variants and Novel Genes in Sacred Lotus Based on RNA-seq Data

    Xinyi Zhang, Zimeng Yu, Pingfang Yang*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.6, pp. 1665-1679, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029482 - 11 April 2023

    Abstract Sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is a typical aquatic plant, belonging to basal eudicot plant, which is ideal for genome and genetic evolutionary study. Understanding lotus gene diversity is important for the study of molecular genetics and breeding. In this research, public RNA-seq data and the annotated reference genome were used to identify the genes in lotus. A total of 26,819 consensus and 1,081 novel genes were identified. Meanwhile, a comprehensive analysis of gene alternative splicing events was conducted, and a total of 19,983 “internal” alternative splicing (AS) events and 14,070 “complete” AS events were detected in… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 Derived T-Cell Epitopes’ Response Against COVID Variants

    Hassam Tahir1, Muhammad Shahbaz Khan1, Fawad Ahmed2, Abdullah M. Albarrak3, Sultan Noman Qasem3, Jawad Ahmad4,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.2, pp. 3517-3535, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.035410 - 31 March 2023

    Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak began in December 2019 and was declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization. The four most dominating variants are Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. After the administration of vaccine doses, an eminent decline in new cases has been observed. The COVID-19 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies and T-cells in our bodies. However, strong variants like Delta and Omicron tend to escape these neutralizing antibodies elicited by COVID-19 vaccination. Therefore, it is indispensable to study, analyze and most importantly, predict the response of SARS-CoV-2-derived t-cell epitopes against Covid variants in vaccinated… More >

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