Mohammed Shamar Yadkar¹, Sefer Kurnaz¹, Saadaldeen Rashid Ahmed^2,3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.079408 - 09 April 2026

Abstract This advanced research describes CycleGAN-RRW, a new reversible watermarking system for secure image ownership authentication. It uses Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks with adaptive feature encoding. In areas such as law, forensics, and telemedicine, digital images usually contain private info that may be changed or used without authorization. Existing watermarking methods may decrease image quality, may not be reversible, or need outside keys. To address these problems, our model embeds metadata into intermediate feature maps with Adaptive Instance Normalization (AdaIN), based on adversarial and perceptual loss. The dual-generator design permits two-way translation between original and watermarked… More >

Yang Lei^1,2, Kangshuo Zhu^3,4,*, Bo Jiang¹, Yaodong Wang^3,4, Feiyu Jia¹, Zhaoning Wang¹, Falin Qi¹, Qiming Qu¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.077314 - 09 April 2026

Abstract The safe operation of railway systems necessitates efficient and automated inspection of tunnel defects. While deep learning offers solutions, a clear pathway for selecting and optimizing the latest object detectors for distinct defects under strict speed constraints is lacking. This paper presents a two-stage, task-specific framework for high-speed tunnel defect detection. First, this study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of state-of-the-art YOLO models (YOLOv5s, YOLOv8s, YOLOv10s, YOLOv11s) on self-constructed datasets. This systematic comparison identifies YOLOv5s as the optimal model for crack detection, achieving an mAP@0.5 of 0.939 at 77.5 FPS, sufficient for inspection at 50… More >

Junping Wang^1,2, Mingbiao Xu^3,*, Wei Xiao^1,*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.43, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2026.077100 - 03 April 2026

Abstract Formulating oil-based drilling fluids (OBDFs) with an ultra-low oil-to-water ratio (OWR ≤ 60:40) presents a formidable stability challenge due to the maximized interfacial area and intensified stress on the interfacial film under high-temperature, high-density conditions. To address this, we engineered a synergistic stabilization system through molecular and colloidal design. A novel hyperbranched polyamide emulsifier (epoxidized soybean oil polyamide) (ESOP), synthesized from epoxidized soybean oil, exhibits superior thermal stability and interfacial activity due to its hyperbranched architecture. Combined with calcium petroleum sulfonate (CPS) and hydrophobic nanosilica (HNs), it enables a high-performance OBDF with an ultra-low OWR… More >

Niken Chatarina^*, Suyadi Suyadi, Noorhidana Vera Agustriana, Chairani Zilia, Mariyanto Mariyanto

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.20, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2026.067525 - 31 March 2026

Abstract In strong aggressive areas, Indonesian standards specify a maximum penetration of 30 mm. Concrete utilizes sulfate-resistant Portland Pozzolan Cement (PPC) for a target strength of 30 MPa, with and without silica fume and plastic fiber (SR-SFF-sea and SR-N-SFF). Some samples of SR-N-SFF are immersed in the sea (SR-N-SFF-sea), while others are protected (SR-N-SFF-protected). Additionally, concrete using non-sulfate-resistant cement (NSR-sea) with a strength of 20.75 MPa was also evaluated. All samples were subjected to penetration depth testing according to the DIN EN 12390-8 standard, demonstrating that they met the penetration requirements for intense aggression. The study… More > Graphic Abstract

Jiaming Cai^1,2,*, Xiongxiong Wang^1,2, Xianwen Wang^1,2, Zhengyan Zhao^1,2, Youliang Jia^1,2

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.078769 - 31 March 2026

Abstract To address the persistent challenge of dynamic mismatch between wellbore lifting capacity and reservoir fluid supply, and to establish a robust optimization framework for drainage operations in high-water-cut tight sandstone gas reservoirs, this study systematically investigates the graded optimization and dynamic adaptation of drainage gas recovery technologies. Production data from a representative tight gas field were first employed to forecast reservoir performance. The predictive reliability was rigorously validated through high-precision history matching, thereby providing a quantitatively consistent foundation for subsequent wellbore optimization. Building on this characterization, a coupled simulation framework was developed that integrates wellbore… More > Graphic Abstract

Miao Li¹, Ying Zhang¹, Yan Wang¹, Haiyan Zhao^2,*, Yonghu Zhang¹

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.078695 - 31 March 2026

Abstract Slug flow represents one of the most critical and operationally challenging regimes in oil-gas-water multiphase pipelines. To advance both mechanistic understanding and predictive capability, this study integrates physical analysis with data-driven modeling to elucidate the conditions governing slug formation and to enable its rapid and accurate prediction. A systematic review of existing research is first undertaken to clarify the mechanisms responsible for slug initiation. The influences of gas superficial velocity, liquid velocity, liquid viscosity, liquid surface tension, and the axial component of gravity are examined to characterize their roles in interfacial instability and flow transition.… More >

Abdullah Abdullah^1,*, Ghulam Mohi Ud Din², Tipu Sultan³, Muhammad Aleem¹, Muhammad Shareef Shazil¹

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.077023 - 31 March 2026

Abstract Turbulent flow over gravel beds in open channels is a fundamental yet complex problem in hydraulic engineering, as flow behavior is highly sensitive to channel geometry and bed roughness. In this study, the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method coupled with the standard k-ε turbulence model is employed to simulate air-water interactions over gravel beds, with open boundary conditions capturing realistic channel-atmosphere interactions. Numerical simulations are performed to examine how channel design influences the relationship between the friction factor (f) and the Reynolds number (RN). Velocity and VOF contours indicate peak flow near the inlet, with… More > Graphic Abstract

Mojgan Mohammadi¹, Naser Khaji^2,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.078945 - 30 March 2026

Abstract The failure of liquid storage tanks, one of the most critical infrastructure systems widely used, during severe earthquakes can have direct or indirect impacts on public safety. The significance of their safe performance even after destructive earthquakes and their potential for operational use underscores the necessity of appropriate seismic design. Hence, seismic isolation, specifically base isolation, has gained attention as a seismic control method to reduce damage to these infrastructures by increasing their vibration period. One prevalent type of seismic isolator used for tanks and other structures is the friction pendulum system (FPS) isolator. However,… More >

Ryul Kim, Young Hwan Choi^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.077480 - 30 March 2026

Abstract Leakage events occurring at multiple locations simultaneously generate overlapping and topology-dependent pressure signatures, making reliable detection and subsequent restoration planning a persistent challenge in water distribution systems (WDSs). While recent data-driven techniques have improved the ability to identify anomalous hydraulic behavior, most approaches remain limited to the detection stage and offer little guidance on how utilities should prioritize repairs once multiple failures are identified. To bridge this gap, this study proposes an integrated framework that links topology-aware leakage detection with quantitative restoration prioritization. First, a multi-task learning framework based on Graph Attention Networks (GAT) is… More >

Md. Mottahir Alam¹, Mohammed K. Al Mesfer^2,3, Haroonhaider Sidhwa⁴, Mohd Danish^2,3, Asif Irshad Khan⁵, Tauheed Khan Mohd^6,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.077236 - 30 March 2026

Abstract Ground water is a crucial ecological resource and source of drinking water to a great percentage of the world population. The quality of groundwater in an area with industrial emission and air pollution is an especially important issue that requires proper evaluation. This paper introduces a spatiotemporal deep learning model that incorporates the use of metaheuristic optimization in predicting groundwater quality in various pollution contexts. The given method is a combination of the Spatial–Temporal-Assisted Deep Belief Network (StaDBN) and a hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm and Tiki-Taka Algorithms (WOA–TTA) that would model intricate patterns of contamination.… More >