Jingcheng Lyu^1,2,#, Ruiyu Yue^1,2,#, Boyu Yang^1,2, Xuanhao Li^1,2, Jian Song^1,2,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 445-456, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068853 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based image recognition system using the nnU-Net adaptive neural network to assist clinicians in detecting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-invisible prostate cancer. The motivation stems from the diagnostic challenges, especially when MRI findings are inconclusive (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] score ≤ 3). Methods: We retrospectively included 150 patients who underwent systematic prostate biopsy at Beijing Friendship Hospital between January 2013 and January 2023. All were pathologically confirmed to have clinically significant prostate cancer, despite negative findings on preoperative MRI. A total of 1475 MRI… More >

Lihao Zhang^1,2, Lin Cao^1,2, Lige Huang^1,2, Jie Wang^1,2, Jiabing Li^2,3,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 457-468, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067364 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Background: Studies have indicated an association between inflammatory factors (IFs) in the blood and the development of bladder cancer (BC). This study aimed to explore the correlation and clinical significance of IFs with the pathological grading of BC. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the preoperative blood routine results, postoperative pathological findings, and baseline information of 163 patients. Patients were divided into high-grade and low-grade groups based on pathological grading. Group comparisons and logistic regression analyses were performed using R software version 4.1.3 to explore the relationships between IFs and BC pathological grading. Results: The… More >

Abdulbari Bener^1,2,*, Ünsal Veli Üstündağ³, Emir Barışık⁴, Cem Cahit Barışık⁵

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 401-409, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.067184 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Objectives: The evidence remains insufficient and controversial for evaluating modifiable parameters—such as vitamin D, calcium, ferritin, and uric acid—as preclinical biomarkers to contribute to the prevention and early diagnosis of prostate cancer, a disease with a prevalence of up to 10%–20% in men over 50 and strongly associated with environmental factors including diet (high in fat and red meat), obesity, physical inactivity, and carcinogen exposure. This study aims to investigate the potential biomarker role of vitamin D, calcium, ferritin, and uric acids in reducing the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: The case-control design was… More >

Azik Hoffman^1,2,*, Eyal Kochavi³, Gilad E. Amiel^1,2

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 423-432, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.064740 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Objectives: Initial treatment for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) has remained mostly unchanged in recent decades. Cryotherapy with CO₂ has been commonly used in medicine for many years. In this study, we present the results of a pre-clinical study aimed at developing a novel cryoablation device to treat superficial low-grade bladder lesions. Methods: Following initial technical and developmental studies, a rigid cryotherapy device was developed. A technical and efficacy assessment was conducted utilizing the porcine model. Overall, twenty-six ablation areas (up to four per animal) were evaluated. Following an initial routine cystoscopy, the bladder irrigation medium… More >

Mohamed Hammad^1,2,*, Mohammed ElAffendi¹, Souham Meshoul^3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.1, pp. 1055-1086, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.072650 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Skin cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide, but its mortality burden is largely driven by aggressive subtypes such as melanoma, with outcomes varying across regions and healthcare settings. These variations emphasize the importance of reliable diagnostic technologies that support clinicians in detecting skin malignancies with higher accuracy. Traditional diagnostic methods often rely on subjective visual assessments, which can lead to misdiagnosis. This study addresses these challenges by developing HybridFusionNet, a novel model that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with 1D feature extraction techniques to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Utilizing two extensive datasets, BCN20000 and… More >

Bibhuprasad Sahu¹, Amrutanshu Panigrahi², Abhilash Pati², Ashis Kumar Pati³, Janmejaya Mishra⁴, Naim Ahmad^5,*, Salman Arafath Mohammed⁶, Saurav Mallik^7,8,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.1, pp. 1029-1054, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.069618 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Metaheuristic optimization methods are iterative search processes that aim to efficiently solve complex optimization problems. These basically find the solution space very efficiently, often without utilizing the gradient information, and are inspired by the bio-inspired and socially motivated heuristics. Metaheuristic optimization algorithms are increasingly applied to complex feature selection problems in high-dimensional medical datasets. Among these, Teaching-Learning-Based optimization (TLBO) has proven effective for continuous design tasks by balancing exploration and exploitation phases. However, its binary version (BTLBO) suffers from limited exploitation ability, often converging prematurely or getting trapped in local optima, particularly when applied to… More >

Oncology Research Editorial Office

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3605-3605, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.074402 - 22 October 2025

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

Xuejun Guo^1,2, Yilin Fu³, Natalia Baran^4,5, Wenxue Ma^6,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3375-3385, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.071708 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47), an immune checkpoint commonly referred to as the “don’t eat me” signal, plays a pivotal role in tumor immune evasion by inhibiting phagocytosis through interaction with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Although early enthusiasm drove broad clinical development, recent discontinuations of major CD47-targeted programs have prompted re-evaluation of its therapeutic potential. The purpose of this commentary is to contextualize the setbacks observed with first-generation CD47 inhibitors and to highlight strategies aimed at overcoming their limitations. Clinical challenges, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, suboptimal pharmacokinetics, and limited… More >

Yi-Tzu Chen^1,2,3,#, Shao-Hsuan Kao^4,5,#, Chun-Yi Chuang^6,7, Chun-Wen Su^4,5, Wei-En Yang^4,5, Chih-Hsin Tang^8,9,10, Shun-Fa Yang^4,5,*, Chiao-Wen Lin^2,3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3387-3404, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.069877 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Background: Alisol A is a natural compound isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma, known for its diverse pharmacological activities, including anticancer and neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to explore the anticancer effects of Alisol A on oral cancer cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, cell cycle by flow cytometry, and apoptosis by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activation. Regulation of signaling pathways was analyzed using an apoptosis-related protein array, immunoblotting, and specific kinase inhibitors. Results: Alisol A reduced the viability of oral cancer cell lines, induced sub-G1 phase accumulation, and augmented… More >

Szymon Piątek¹, Anna Dańska-Bidzińska^2,*, Paweł Derlatka², Bartosz Szymanowski³, Renata Duchnowska³, Aleksandra Zielińska⁴, Natalia Sawicka⁴, Aleksander Gorzeń⁵, Wojciech Michalski⁶, Mariusz Bidziński¹

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3405-3416, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.068609 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Objectives: Monitoring of Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) during ovarian cancer (OC) maintenance treatment with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) may be insufficient when using Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) biochemical progression criteria. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of CA125 monitoring in detecting OC recurrence during PARPis maintenance treatment. Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included patients with primary OC who achieved complete or partial response after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy followed by PARPis maintenance treatment. Progression was defined using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and GCIG biochemical criteria. New biochemical progression definitions, based on… More >