Muflih Alhazmi¹, Waqar Ul Hassan², Saba Shaheen³, Mohammed M. A. Almazah⁴, Azmat Ullah Khan Niazi^3,*, Nafisa A. Albasheir⁵, Ameni Gargouri⁶, Naveed Iqbal⁷

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 1903-1940, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.072973 - 26 November 2025

Abstract This paper proposes a model-based control framework for vehicle platooning systems with second-order nonlinear dynamics operating over switching signed networks, time-varying delays, and deception attacks. The study includes two configurations: a leaderless structure using Finite-Time Non-Singular Terminal Bipartite Consensus (FNTBC) and Fixed-Time Bipartite Consensus (FXTBC), and a leader—follower structure ensuring structural balance and robustness against deceptive signals. In the leaderless model, a bipartite controller based on impulsive control theory, gauge transformation, and Markovian switching Lyapunov functions ensures mean-square stability and coordination under deception attacks and communication delays. The FNTBC achieves finite-time convergence depending on initial More >

J. E. López-Gil¹, J. F. Ituna-Yudonago^1,*, V. Pérez-García², V. Martínez-Calzada³, J. L. Rodríguez-Muñoz⁴, J. Serrano-Arellano⁵

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.5, pp. 1365-1393, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.068100 - 31 October 2025

Abstract This paper presents a thermophysical study approach for a pure environmental control system (ECS), incorporating the geometric dimensions of heat exchangers, ram air duct, and air cycle machine (ACM) blades of the Sabreliner’s environmental control system. Real flight scenarios are simulated by considering flight input variables such as altitude, aircraft speed, compression ratio of the air cycle machine, and the mass flow rate of bleed air. The study evaluates the coefficient of performance (COP) of the environmental control system, the heat exchanger efficiencies, and the work distribution of the air cycle machine based on five… More >

Huichao Cao^1,*, Honghe Du¹, Dongnian Jiang¹, Wei Li¹, Lei Du¹, Jianfeng Yang²

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.5, pp. 1305-1325, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.066002 - 05 September 2025

Abstract In the production processes of modern industry, accurate assessment of the system’s health state and traceability non-optimal factors are key to ensuring “safe, stable, long-term, full load and optimal” operation of the production process. The benzene-to-ethylene ratio control system is a complex system based on an MPC-PID double-layer architecture. Taking into consideration the interaction between levels, coupling between loops and conditions of incomplete operation data, this paper proposes a health assessment method for the dual-layer control system by comprehensively utilizing deep learning technology. Firstly, according to the results of the pre-assessment of the system layers… More >

Mohammed Althubyani^1,*, Nidal E. Taha², Khdija O. Taha², Rasmiyah A. Alharb², Sayed Saber^1,3

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.3, pp. 3491-3521, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.061640 - 30 June 2025

Abstract This study investigates the dynamics of pneumococcal pneumonia using a novel fractal-fractional Susceptible-Carrier-Infected-Recovered model formulated with the Atangana-Baleanu in Caputo (ABC) sense. Unlike traditional epidemiological models that rely on classical or Caputo fractional derivatives, the proposed model incorporates nonlocal memory effects, hereditary properties, and complex transmission dynamics through fractal-fractional calculus. The Atangana-Baleanu operator, with its non-singular Mittag-Leffler kernel, ensures a more realistic representation of disease progression compared to classical integer-order models and singular kernel-based fractional models. The study establishes the existence and uniqueness of the proposed system and conducts a comprehensive stability analysis, including local More >

Ghulam E Mustafa Abro^1,*, Altaf Mugheri^2,#, Zain Anwar Ali^3,#

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.34, pp. 301-331, 2025, DOI:10.32604/rig.2025.065595 - 05 June 2025

Abstract Swarm intelligence, derived from the collective behaviour of biological entities, is a novel methodology for overseeing satellite constellations within decentralized control systems. Conventional centralized control systems in satellite constellations encounter constraints in scalability, resilience, and fault tolerance, particularly in extensive constellations. This research examines the use of swarm-based multi-agent systems and distributed algorithms for efficient communication, collision avoidance, and collaborative task execution in satellite constellations. We provide a comprehensive study of current swarm control algorithms, their relevance to satellite systems, and identify areas requiring further research. Principal subjects encompass decentralized decision-making, self-organization, adaptive communication protocols, More >

Khizer Mehmood¹, Naveed Ishtiaq Chaudhary^2,*, Zeshan Aslam Khan³, Khalid Mehmood Cheema⁴, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja², Sultan S. Alshamrani⁵, Kaled M. Alshmrany⁶

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.2, pp. 1809-1841, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.064900 - 30 May 2025

Abstract Aquila Optimizer (AO) is a recently proposed population-based optimization technique inspired by Aquila’s behavior in catching prey. AO is applied in various applications and its numerous variants were proposed in the literature. However, chaos theory has not been extensively investigated in AO. Moreover, it is still not applied in the parameter estimation of electro-hydraulic systems. In this work, ten well-defined chaotic maps were integrated into a narrowed exploitation of AO for the development of a robust chaotic optimization technique. An extensive investigation of twenty-three mathematical benchmarks and ten IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) functions… More >

Peiying Zhang^1,2,*, Yihong Yu^1,2, Jing Liu³, Chong Lv^1,2, Lizhuang Tan^4,5, Yulin Zhang^6,7,8

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.3, pp. 4393-4409, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.064654 - 19 May 2025

Abstract As Internet of Things (IoT) technologies continue to evolve at an unprecedented pace, intelligent big data control and information systems have become critical enablers for organizational digital transformation, facilitating data-driven decision making, fostering innovation ecosystems, and maintaining operational stability. In this study, we propose an advanced deployment algorithm for Service Function Chaining (SFC) that leverages an enhanced Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) mechanism. The main goal is to tackle the issues of security and resource efficiency in SFC implementation across diverse network settings. By integrating blockchain technology and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), our algorithm not… More >

Qichang Li^1,2,*, Bing Bu¹, Junyi Zhao¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.3, pp. 4281-4313, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.061525 - 19 May 2025

Abstract With the integration of informatization and intelligence into the Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) systems, the system is facing an increasing number of information security threats. As an important method of characterizing the system security status, the security situation assessment is used to analyze the system security situation. However, existing situation assessment methods fail to integrate the coupling relationship between the physical layer and the information layer of the CBTC systems, and cannot dynamically characterize the real-time security situation changes under cyber attacks. In this paper, a hierarchical security situation assessment approach is proposed to address… More >

Giovanni Miracco^1,*, Francesco Nicoletti¹, Vittorio Ferraro², Dimitrios Kaliakatsos¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 861-883, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060750 - 07 March 2025

Abstract Indoor air quality (IAQ) is often overlooked, yet a poorly maintained environment can lead to significant health issues and reduced concentration and productivity in work or educational settings. This study presents an innovative control system for mechanical ventilation specifically designed for university classrooms, with the dual goal of enhancing IAQ and increasing energy efficiency. Two classrooms with distinct construction characteristics were analyzed: one with exterior walls and windows, and the other completely underground. For each classroom, a model was developed using DesignBuilder software, which was calibrated with experimental data regarding CO₂ concentration, temperature, and relative… More >

Hariharan Ramachandran^1,*, Richard Smith², Kenny Awuson David^1,*, Tawfik Al-Hadhrami³, Parag Acharya¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.2, pp. 3619-3641, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.054802 - 17 February 2025

Abstract This paper introduces the Integrated Security Embedded Resilience Architecture (ISERA) as an advanced resilience mechanism for Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and Operational Technology (OT) environments. The ISERA framework integrates security by design principles, micro-segmentation, and Island Mode Operation (IMO) to enhance cyber resilience and ensure continuous, secure operations. The methodology deploys a Forward-Thinking Architecture Strategy (FTAS) algorithm, which utilises an industrial Intrusion Detection System (IDS) implemented with Python’s Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) library. The FTAS algorithm successfully identified and responded to cyber-attacks, ensuring minimal system disruption. ISERA has been validated through comprehensive testing scenarios… More >