Carlos A. Felippa*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.3, pp. 1209-1241, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016803
Abstract This paper considers Lagrangian finite elements for structural dynamics constructed with cubic displacement
shape functions. The method of templates is used to investigate the construction of accurate mass-stiffness pairs.
This method introduces free parameters that can be adjusted to customize elements according to accuracy and
rank-sufficiency criteria. One- and two-dimensional Lagrangian cubic elements with only translational degrees of
freedom (DOF) carry two additional nodes on each side, herein called side nodes or SN. Although usually placed
at the third-points, the SN location may be adjusted within geometric limits. The adjustment effect is studied in
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