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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MHD CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW TOWARDS A VERTICAL SURFACE IN A POROUS MEDIUM WITH RADIATION, CHEMICAL REACTION AND INTERNAL HEAT GENERATION

    Emmanuel Maurice Arthur*, Timothy Ayando, Yakubu Ibrahim Seini

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.6, pp. 1-10, 2015, DOI:10.5098/hmt.6.21

    Abstract The combined effects of chemical reaction and viscous dissipation on hydromagnetic mixed convective flow towards a vertical plate embedded in a highly porous medium with radiation and internal heat generation has been examined. The governing boundary layer equations have been transformed to a two-point boundary value problem using a local similarity approach and solved numerically using the Newton Raphson shooting method alongside the Fourth-order Runge - Kutta algorithm. The effects of various embedded parameters on fluid velocity, temperature and concentration have been presented graphically whilst the skin friction coefficient and the rates of heat and mass transfers have been tabulated… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analysis of Profile and Unsteady Flow Performance of Variable Base Circle Radius Scroll Expander

    Junying Wei*, Gang Li, Chenrui Zhang, Wenwen Chang, Jidai Wang

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.21, pp. 199-214, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2023.041793

    Abstract To study the complex internal flow field variation and output characteristics of a variable base radius scroll expander, this paper uses dynamic mesh techniques and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods to perform transient numerical simulations of a variable base radius scroll expander. Analysis of the flow field in the working cavity of a variable base radius scroll expander at different spindle angles and the effect of different profiles, speeds and pressures on the output characteristics of the scroll expander. The results of the study show that due to the periodic blocking of the inlet by the orbiting scroll, the fluid… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    K-Hyperparameter Tuning in High-Dimensional Space Clustering: Solving Smooth Elbow Challenges Using an Ensemble Based Technique of a Self-Adapting Autoencoder and Internal Validation Indexes

    Rufus Gikera1,*, Jonathan Mwaura2, Elizaphan Muuro3, Shadrack Mambo3

    Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.5, pp. 75-112, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jai.2023.043229

    Abstract k-means is a popular clustering algorithm because of its simplicity and scalability to handle large datasets. However, one of its setbacks is the challenge of identifying the correct k-hyperparameter value. Tuning this value correctly is critical for building effective k-means models. The use of the traditional elbow method to help identify this value has a long-standing literature. However, when using this method with certain datasets, smooth curves may appear, making it challenging to identify the k-value due to its unclear nature. On the other hand, various internal validation indexes, which are proposed as a solution to this issue, may be… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of I-EGR and Pre-Injection on Performance of Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) at Low-Load Condition

    Binbin Yang1,*, Leilei Liu1, Yan Zhang1, Jingyu Gong1, Fan Zhang2, Tiezhu Zhang1

    Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.10, pp. 2233-2250, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.028898

    Abstract Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) has been considered as a promising combustion concept to yield ultra-low NOX and soot emissions while maintaining high thermal efficiency. However, how to improve the low-load performance becomes an urgent issue to be solved. In this paper, a GCI engine model was built to investigate the effects of internal EGR (i-EGR) and pre-injection on in-cylinder temperature, spatial concentration of mixture and OH radical, combustion and emission characteristics, and the control strategy for improving the combustion performance was further explored. The results showed an obvious expansion of the zone with an equivalence ratio between 0.8~1.2 is realized… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Quantitative Detection of Corrosion State of Concrete Internal Reinforcement Based on Metal Magnetic Memory

    Zhongguo Tang1, Haijin Zhuo1, Beian Li1, Xiaotao Ma2, Siyu Zhao2, Kai Tong2,*

    Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.17, No.5, pp. 407-431, 2023, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2023.026033

    Abstract Corrosion can be very harmful to the service life and several properties of reinforced concrete structures. The metal magnetic memory (MMM) method, as a newly developed spontaneous magnetic flux leakage (SMFL) non-destructive testing (NDT) technique, is considered a potentially viable method for detecting corrosion damage in reinforced concrete members. To this end, in this paper, the indoor electrochemical method was employed to accelerate the corrosion of outsourced concrete specimens with different steel bar diameters, and the normal components BBz and its gradient of the SMFL fields on the specimen surfaces were investigated based on the metal magnetic memory (MMM) method.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Investigation of the Severity of Modular Construction Adoption Barriers with Large-Scale Group Decision Making in an Organization from Internal and External Stakeholder Perspectives

    Muzi Li*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.137, No.3, pp. 2465-2493, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.026827

    Abstract Modular construction as an innovative method aids the construction industry in transforming to off-site construction production with high efficiency and environmental friendliness. Despite the obvious advantages, the uptake of modular construction is not booming as expected. However, previous studies have investigated and summarized the barriers to the adoption of modular construction. In this research, a Large-Scale Group Decision Making (LSGDM)- based analysis is first made of the severity of barriers to modular construction adoption from the perspective of construction stakeholders. In addition, the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework is utilized to identify the barriers based on three contexts (technology, organization, and environment).… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    VARIABLE HEAT SOURCE AND WALL RADIATION EFFECTS ON BOUNDARY LAYER CONVECTION FROM AN INCLINED PLATE IN NON-DARCIAN POROUS MEDIUM

    Elyazid Flilihia,† , Mohammed Sritia , Driss Achemlalb , Mohamed El harouia

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.9, pp. 1-8, 2017, DOI:10.5098/hmt.9.23

    Abstract A semi - analytical investigation is performed to analyze the thermal convection flow with a radiation flux and a variable internal heat generation along an inclined plate embedded in a saturated porous medium. The flow in the porous medium is modeled with the Darcy-Brinkman law taking into account the convective term, while the temperature field is obtained from the energy equation. These governing equations with the boundary conditions are first cast into a dimensionless form by using a unique similarity transformation and the resulting coupled differential equations are then solved numerically by a computational program based on the fifth order… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    EFFECT OF CYLINDER DIAMETER ON STATE QUANTITIES FOR IRREVERSIBLE PROCESS IN PISTON-CYLINDER SYSTEM

    Siti Nurul Akmal Yusofa , Yutaka Asakoa,*,Mohammad Faghrib , Lit Ken Tana , Nor Azwadi bin Che Sidika, Wan Mohd Arif bin Aziz Japara

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.13, pp. 1-5, 2019, DOI:10.5098/hmt.13.25

    Abstract A numerical analysis for the effect of a cylinder diameter on the state quantities for the irreversible process in a piston-cylinder system was conducted using the LB1S model. The numerical method is based on the ALE method. The cylinder-diameter range of D=0.01 m to 0.10 m was chosen. The effect of the cylinder-diameter on the state quantities was slight in the single compression with the piston velocity of -10 m/s. The ratio of the average pressure to the pressure of the reversible process at the end of the first cycle ranged from 1.00023 to 1.00462 in the cyclic compression-expansion processes… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    INFLUENCE OF MHD ON FREE CONVECTION OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS OVER A VERTICAL PERMEABLE PLATE IN POROUS MEDIA WITH INTERNAL HEAT GENERATION

    Heng-Pin Hsua , Chuo-Jeng Huangb,*, Herchang Aya

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.13, pp. 1-8, 2019, DOI:10.5098/hmt.13.14

    Abstract The heat and mass transfer characteristics of the influence of uniform blowing/suction and MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) on the free convection of non-Newtonian fluids over a vertical plate in porous media with internal heat generation and Soret/Dufour effects are numerically analyzed. The surface of the vertical plate has a uniform wall temperature and uniform wall concentration (UWT/UWC). The numerical modeling of this problem attracts considerable attention, owing to its practical applications in biological sciences, electronic cooling, advanced nuclear systems, etc. The transformed governing equations are solved by Keller box method. Comparisons showed excellent agreement with the numerical data in previous works. Numerical… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF NATURAL CONVECTION IN INTERNALLY FINNED HORIZONTAL ANNULI

    Quanfu Gaoa,b , Kun Zhanga,b,*, Liang Bi Wanga,b

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.14, pp. 1-10, 2020, DOI:10.5098/hmt.14.29

    Abstract Detailed numerical analysis is presented for natural convection heat transfer in internally finned horizontal annuli. Governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method, and solved using SIMPLE algorithm with Quick scheme. The results show that the flow and heat transfer can reach steady state when the Rayleigh number is below 2×104. When the Rayleigh number is greater than 3×104 , two different types of numerical solutions under the same parameters can be obtained for different initial conditions. The critical Rayleigh numbers with two different initial conditions are different from steady to unsteady solutions. The oscillatory flow undergoes several bifurcations… More >

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