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    ARTICLE

    G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Enhances the Stemness of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells and Promotes Malignant Characteristics

    Dongliang Zhu1,*, Jun Yang2, Jiaxin Xu3

    Oncologie, Vol.24, No.3, pp. 471-482, 2022, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2022.024062

    Abstract G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is a transmembrane receptor that mediates non-genomic effects of estrogen. This study aimed to investigate the role of GPER in the stemness formation and malignancies in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Spheroids of MDA-MB-468 cells were induced by mammosphere culture, and the proportion of the CD44+ /CD24−/low stem cell subpopulation was detected. Malignant characteristics, expression of GPER and stemness-related markers, and tumorigenesis in a xenograft assay were compared between the mammospheres and adherent cultured cells. The impacts of 17β-estradiol (E2) and the GPER-specific antagonist G15 were studied in in vitro assays. The proportion of… More >

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