Sadiq Akbar1, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja2,*, Naveed Ishtiaq Chaudhary3, Fawad Zaman4, Hani Alquhayz5
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.2, pp. 2529-2543, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016097
Abstract For the last few decades, the parameter estimation of electromagnetic plane waves i.e., far field sources, impinging on antenna array geometries has attracted a lot of researchers due to their use in radar, sonar and under water acoustic environments. In this work, nature inspired heuristics based on the flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is designed for the estimation problem of amplitude and direction of arrival of far field sources impinging on uniform linear array (ULA). Using the approximation in mean squared error sense, a fitness function of the problem is developed and the strength of the FPA is utilized for optimization… More >
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