Shuying Xu¹, Chin-Chen Chang¹, Ji-Hwei Horng^2,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.44, No.1, pp. 721-739, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.026046

Abstract Hiding secret data in digital images is one of the major research fields in information security. Recently, reversible data hiding in encrypted images has attracted extensive attention due to the emergence of cloud services. This paper proposes a novel reversible data hiding method in encrypted images based on an optimal multi-threshold block labeling technique (OMTBL-RDHEI). In our scheme, the content owner encrypts the cover image with block permutation, pixel permutation, and stream cipher, which preserve the in-block correlation of pixel values. After uploading to the cloud service, the data hider applies the prediction error rearrangement (PER), the optimal threshold selection… More >

Debapriya Hazra, Wafa Shafqat, Yung-Cheol Byun^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3151-3167, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020143

Abstract Renewable and nonrenewable energy sources are widely incorporated for solar and wind energy that produces electricity without increasing carbon dioxide emissions. Energy industries worldwide are trying hard to predict future energy consumption that could eliminate over or under contracting energy resources and unnecessary financing. Machine learning techniques for predicting energy are the trending solution to overcome the challenges faced by energy companies. The basic need for machine learning algorithms to be trained for accurate prediction requires a considerable amount of data. Another critical factor is balancing the data for enhanced prediction. Data Augmentation is a technique used for increasing the… More >

J. Hemalatha¹, S. Geetha², R. Geetha³, C. Balasubramanian⁴, Daniela Elena Popescu⁵, D. Jude Hemanth^6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 283-300, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017203

Abstract A novel image reversible data-hiding scheme based on primitive and varying radix numerical model is presented in this article. Using varying radix, variable sum of data may be embedded in various pixels of images. This scheme is made adaptive using the correlation of the neighboring pixels. Messages are embedded as blocks of non-uniform length in the high-frequency regions of the rhombus mean interpolated image. A higher amount of data is embedded in the high-frequency regions and lesser data in the low-frequency regions of the image. The size of the embedded data depends on the statistics of the pixel distribution in… More >

Lingfeng Qu¹, Hongjie He¹, Shanjun Zhang², Fan Chen^{1, *}

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.3, pp. 2623-2638, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.09723

Abstract Reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDH-EI) technology is widely used in cloud storage for image privacy protection. In order to improve the embedding capacity of the RDH-EI algorithm and the security of the encrypted images, we proposed a reversible data hiding algorithm for encrypted images based on prediction and adaptive classification scrambling. First, the prediction error image is obtained by a novel prediction method before encryption. Then, the image pixel values are divided into two categories by the threshold range, which is selected adaptively according to the image content. Multiple high-significant bits of pixels within the threshold range are… More >

Mengling Zou¹, Zhengxuan Liu², Xianyi Chen^{3, *}

Journal on Big Data, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 151-158, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jbd.2019.09057

Abstract Image encryption (IE) is a very useful and popular technology to protect the privacy of users. Most algorithms usually encrypt the original image into an image similar to texture or noise, but texture and noise are an obvious visual indication that the image has been encrypted, which is more likely to cause the attacks of enemy. To overcome this shortcoming, many image encryption systems, which convert the original image into a carrier image with visual significance have been proposed. However, the generated cryptographic image still has texture features. In line with the idea of improving the visual quality of the… More >

Wengui Su^1,2, Xiang Wang^3,*, Yulong Shen¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.59, No.3, pp. 925-941, 2019, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2019.04842

Abstract With the reversible data hiding method based on pixel-value-ordering, data are embedded through the modification of the maximum and minimum values of a block. A significant relationship exists between the embedding performance and the block size. Traditional pixel-value-ordering methods utilize pixel blocks with a fixed size to embed data; the smaller the pixel blocks, greater is the embedding capacity. However, it tends to result in the deterioration of the quality of the marked image. Herein, a novel reversible data hiding method is proposed by incorporating a block merging strategy into Li et al.’s pixel-value-ordering method, which realizes the dynamic control… More >

Di Xiao^1,*, Jia Liang¹, Qingqing Ma¹, Yanping Xiang¹, Yushu Zhang²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.58, No.1, pp. 1-13, 2019, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2019.02171

Abstract To fulfill the requirements of data security in environments with nonequivalent resources, a high capacity data hiding scheme in encrypted image based on compressive sensing (CS) is proposed by fully utilizing the adaptability of CS to nonequivalent resources. The original image is divided into two parts: one part is encrypted with traditional stream cipher; the other part is turned to the prediction error and then encrypted based on CS to vacate room simultaneously. The collected non-image data is firstly encrypted with simple stream cipher. For data security management, the encrypted non-image data is then embedded into the encrypted image, and… More >