Naglaa F. El Abady^1,*, Mohamed Taha¹, Hala H. Zayed^1,2

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.1, pp. 1417-1436, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.028044

Abstract Because of the widespread availability of low-cost printers and scanners, document forgery has become extremely popular. Watermarks or signatures are used to protect important papers such as certificates, passports, and identification cards. Identifying the origins of printed documents is helpful for criminal investigations and also for authenticating digital versions of a document in today’s world. Source printer identification (SPI) has become increasingly popular for identifying frauds in printed documents. This paper provides a proposed algorithm for identifying the source printer and categorizing the questioned document into one of the printer classes. A dataset of 1200 papers from 20 distinct (13)… More >

Xueqing Wang¹, Shuang Liu^1,*, Lejun Zhang²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.36, No.1, pp. 259-269, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.014343

Abstract The cost of highway is affected by many factors. Its composition and calculation are complicated and have great ambiguity. Calculating the cost of highway according to the traditional highway engineering estimation method is a completely tedious task. Constructing a highway cost prediction model can forecast the value promptly and improve the accuracy of highway engineering cost. This work sorts out and collects 60 sets of measured data of highway engineering; establishes an expressway cost index system based on 10 factors, including main route mileage, roadbed width, roadbed earthwork, and number of bridges; and processes the data through principal component analysis… More >