S. W. Jo^†, I. H. Kim^†, Y. J. Jeong^*

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.3, pp. 189-196, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.223.189

Abstract Copper selenide has emerged as a promising thermoelectric material due to its unique structural properties and tunable electronic band structure. However, its practical application is hindered by its relatively high thermal conductivity. In this study, we report on the turning of thermal conductivity and thermoelectric energy conversion by preparing a hybrid composite material including nano- and micro-sized Cu₂Se. By employing a hydrothermal synthesis method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant, we successfully synthesized nano-sized Cu_₂Se particles with uniform size distribution. The incorporation of these nano-sized particles with micro-sized Cu₂Se resulted in a significant reduction in More >

R. Rajeev^a,b,*, C. M. S. Negi^a

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.5, pp. 469-480, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.225.469

Abstract Cobalt-doped cadmium sulphide nanoparticles of semiconductors (CDs: Co NPs) were synthesised using various cobalt concentrations utilising a microwave-assisted approach. Debye-Scherer equation revealed the nanoparticles' size range to be between 2 and 4 nm. Diffraction from X-rays revealed a zinc mix structure. According to the structure in the optical bandgap energies indicates that, doping has systematically raised the bandgap energy as the doping concentration raises. The composition of the nanoparticles which was verified by EDAX, validated the effective integration of cobalt into the CdS structure. The detection of different functional and vibrational groups was performed at More >

H. A. Rather^1,*, J. B. A. Wahid², M. A. Dar³, L. Guganathan⁴, U. A. Dar⁵, P. Arularasan⁶, S. E. I. Yagoub⁷, L. G. Amin⁷

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.5, pp. 461-468, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.225.461

Abstract SnSe powdered nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared using the co-precipitation method. The powdered NPs were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-absorbance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization techniques. The XRD result indicates that NPs are orthorhombic with a crystalline size of 4 nm for TS-1, 6 nm for TS-2, and 13 nm for TS-3, respectively. The SEM images show the surface morphology of the prepared NPs is not fully spherical, but semi-flower-like. The optical properties of the powdered NPs are found by UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy, in which the highest absorbance was found between 200 nm More >

Y. Arooj^a, A. Farhan^b, S. Maqsood^a,c, A. Erum^a, M. Ishaq^d, S. Rafique^a, A. Khalid^b, F. Wazahat^a, M. A. Qamar^e,*

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.8, pp. 707-717, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.228.707

Abstract Chemical co-precipitation synthesis was used to make pure and zirconium-doped cobalt sulfide (Co3S4) nanoparticles (NPs). Important characterizations such as FTIR, UV-VIS, Raman, PL, SEM, XRD, and four probe methods were used to examine the influence of the Zr (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) doping on optical, electrical, structural, and thermoelectric characteristics of Co₃S₄ NPs. X-ray diffraction and SEM examination verified the cubic structure and grain size of pure and Zr-doped Co₃S₄-NPs. The FTIR spectrum revealed the rotational and vibrational modes linked to the material's surface. The material is optimal for photocatalytic activity with a redshift More >

Yuheng Cao, Chunyu Zhang^*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.010692

Abstract A unified high-order damaged elasticity theory is proposed for quasi-brittle fracture problems by incorporating higher-order gradients for both strain and damage fields. The single scale parameter is defined by the size of the representative volume element (RVE). It formulates the degraded strain energy density to capture size effects and localized damage initiation/propagation with a damage criterion grounded in experimental observations. The structural deformation is solved by using the principle of minimum potential energy with the Augmented Lagrangian Method (ALM) enforcing damage evolution constraints. This simplifies the equilibrium equations, enabling efficient numerical solutions via the Galerkin More >

Mao Jiang¹, Jianshu Wu¹, Chengyong Peng¹, Xuesong Xing¹, Yishan Lou^2,3, Yi Liu^2,3,*, Shanyong Liu^2,3

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 4019-4034, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067236 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Fracture conductivity is a key factor to determine the fracturing effect. Optimizing proppant particle size distribution is critical for ensuring efficient proppant placement within fractures. To address challenges associated with the low-permeability reservoirs in the Lufeng Oilfield of the South China Sea—including high heterogeneity, complex lithology, and suboptimal fracturing outcomes—JRC (Joint Roughness Coefficient) was employed to quantitatively characterize the lithological properties of the target formation. A CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method) two-way coupling approach was then utilized to construct a fracture channel model that simulates proppant transport dynamics. The proppant particle size under different… More >

Fan Sun^1,2, Yiwen Chen^2,3, Dingjun Li³, Rong Xu², Peng Jiang², Tiejun Wang², Lei Yang^1,2,*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.012370

Abstract The capacity to maintain operational temperatures within safe thresholds is paramount for the longevity of thermal barrier coating systems (TBCs). Nonetheless, TBC spallation during service can lead to localized over temperature, which may result in catastrophic failure. In this study, we examine the phenomenon of over temperature in locally spalled TBCs through a combination of numerical simulations and experimental investigations. We perform numerical calculations to determine the temperature distributions in locally spalled TBCs with varying spallation depths and diameters, and we analyze the correlation between the maximum temperature within the spalled regions and the dimensions… More >

Shubham Desai, Sai Sidhardh^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.2, pp. 1271-1334, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.068141 - 31 August 2025

Abstract The increasing integration of small-scale structures in engineering, particularly in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), necessitates advanced modeling approaches to accurately capture their complex mechanical behavior. Classical continuum theories are inadequate at micro- and nanoscales, particularly concerning size effects, singularities, and phenomena like strain softening or phase transitions. This limitation follows from their lack of intrinsic length scale parameters, crucial for representing microstructural features. Theoretical and experimental findings emphasize the critical role of these parameters on small scales. This review thoroughly examines various strain gradient elasticity (SGE) theories commonly employed in literature to capture these size-dependent effects… More >

Farhan A. Alenizi¹, Faten Khalid Karim^2,*, Alaa R. Al-Shamasneh³, Mohammad Hossein Shakoor⁴

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.2, pp. 1793-1829, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.066023 - 31 August 2025

Abstract Deep neural networks provide accurate results for most applications. However, they need a big dataset to train properly. Providing a big dataset is a significant challenge in most applications. Image augmentation refers to techniques that increase the amount of image data. Common operations for image augmentation include changes in illumination, rotation, contrast, size, viewing angle, and others. Recently, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been employed for image generation. However, like image augmentation methods, GAN approaches can only generate images that are similar to the original images. Therefore, they also cannot generate new classes of data.… More >

Vivek Kumar Tiwary^1,*, Arunkumar P.¹, Vinayak R. Malik^1,2

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 5111-5131, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.066129 - 30 July 2025

Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM), a key technology in the evolution of Industry 4.0, has revolutionized production processes by enabling the precise, layer-by-layer fabrication of complex and customized components, enhancing efficiency and flexibility in smart manufacturing systems. However, one significant challenge hindering the acceptance of this technology is the limited print size, constrained by the machine’s small bed. To address this issue, a suitable polymer joining technique could be applied as a post-fabrication step. The present article examines findings on the Ultrasonic Welding (UW) of Material Extrusion (MEX)-3D printed parts made from commonly used thermoplastics, Acrylonitrile Butadiene… More >