Sarah M. Alhammad¹, Diaa Salama AbdElminaam^2,3,*, Asmaa Rizk Ibrahim⁴, Ahmed Taha²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069263 - 12 January 2026

Abstract Accurate parameter extraction of photovoltaic (PV) models plays a critical role in enabling precise performance prediction, optimal system sizing, and effective operational control under diverse environmental conditions. While a wide range of metaheuristic optimisation techniques have been applied to this problem, many existing methods are hindered by slow convergence rates, susceptibility to premature stagnation, and reduced accuracy when applied to complex multi-diode PV configurations. These limitations can lead to suboptimal modelling, reducing the efficiency of PV system design and operation. In this work, we propose an enhanced hybrid optimisation approach, the modified Spider Wasp Optimization… More >

Mohammed Benamara^1,2, Boumediene Touati³, Said Bennaceur⁴, Bendjillali Ridha Ilyas^5,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.072641 - 27 December 2025

Abstract This study explores the thin-layer convective solar drying of Marrubium vulgare L. leaves under conditions typical of sun-rich semi-arid climates. Drying experiments were conducted at three inlet-air temperatures (40°C, 50°C, 60°C) and two air velocities (1.5 and 2.5 m·s⁻¹) using an indirect solar dryer with auxiliary temperature control. Moisture-ratio data were fitted with eight widely used thin-layer models and evaluated using correlation coefficient (r), root-mean-square error (RMSE), and Akaike information criterion (AIC). A complementary heat-transfer analysis based on Reynolds and Prandtl numbers with appropriate Nusselt correlations was used to relate flow regime to drying performance, and an… More > Graphic Abstract

Mussad Mohammed Al-Zahrani^*, Taher Maatallah

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 1883-1905, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.074656 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Conventional concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) face a persistent trade-off between high efficiency and high cost, driven by expensive multi-junction solar cells and complex active cooling systems. This study presents a computational investigation of a novel Multi-Focal Pyramidal Array (MFPA)-based CPV system designed to overcome this limitation. The MFPA architecture employs a geometrically optimized pyramidal concentrator to distribute concentrated sunlight onto strategically placed, low-cost monocrystalline silicon cells, enabling high efficiency energy capture while passively managing thermal loads. Coupled optical thermal electrical simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics demonstrate a geometric concentration ratio of 120×, with system temperatures maintained below More >

Jinyou Qiu^1,2, Jiale Liu^1,2, Yubing Li^1,2,*, Shaogeng Zhong³, Guilong Dai^1,2, Wenhua Liu⁴

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 2025-2049, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.072260 - 31 December 2025

Abstract The growing demand for energy-saving and renewable heating solutions has made photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) heat pump systems a promising technology. However, their thermal and electrical performance, as well as the overall utilization of solar energy, strongly depend on capacity configuration and operating parameters. To address this issue, this study proposes a PV/T heat pump system featuring a novel rhombic flow channel structure that functions as the collector-evaporator. An experimental test bench was established to evaluate system performance, and a one-dimensional numerical model was developed to investigate the effects of environmental and operating parameters. The simulation results… More > Graphic Abstract

Lei Wang¹, Hongyang Zhou², Xiaofan Liu³, Junkun Mu², Jinpeng Bi², Youkang Jin², Juan Ge², Yuexia Lv^2,4,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 1811-1832, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.071222 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Membrane gas absorption and solar-assisted absorbent regeneration offer a sustainable approach to reduce the energy penalty of post-combustion CO₂ capture. This study introduces a novel system integrating solar thermal energy with membrane gas absorption to capture CO₂ from a 580 MWe pulverized coal power plant. The environmental impacts across six scenarios at varying solar fractions are evaluated via life cycle assessment. Results show a 7.61%–13.04% reduction in global warming potential compared to a steam-driven CO₂ capture system. Electricity and steam consumption dominate the operational phase, contributing 15%–64% and 18%–61% to environmental impacts in non-TES scenarios, respectively. While More >

J. Serrano-Arellano¹, M.I. Hernández-López¹, J. L. Chávez-Servín², E. V. Macias-Melo³, K. M. Aguilar-Castro^3,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 1741-1765, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.069560 - 31 December 2025

Abstract A numerical study analyzed double diffusion caused by convective and radiative heat transfer in a greenhouse with and without internal humidity sources. Two cases were examined: one considering temperature and mass concentration gradients on vertical walls and another incorporating internal humidity sources, enhancing convective and diffusive flows. Four configurations were analyzed by varying the length of the greenhouse, and the Rayleigh number was calculated over a range from 2.29 × 10¹⁰ to 6.07 × 10¹². Simulations modeled the greenhouse interior six times a day (8:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.), accounting for external temperature, humidity, and solar More > Graphic Abstract

Chen Pan, ChangGyoon Lim^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3747-3781, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073389 - 23 December 2025

Abstract Solar forecasting using ground-based sky image offers a promising approach to reduce uncertainty in photovoltaic (PV) power generation. However, existing methods often rely on deterministic predictions that lack diversity, making it difficult to capture the inherently stochastic nature of cloud movement. To address this limitation, we propose a new two-stage probabilistic forecasting framework. In the first stage, we introduce I-GPT, a multiscale physics-constrained generative model for stochastic sky image prediction. Given a sequence of past sky images, I-GPT uses a Transformer-based VQ-VAE. It also incorporates multi-scale physics-informed recurrent units (Multi-scale PhyCell) and dynamically weighted fuses… More >

Carlos Torres-Aguilar^1,*, Pedro Moreno^2,*, Diego Rossit³, Sergio Nesmachnow⁴, Karla M. Aguilar-Castro¹, Edgar V. Macias-Melo¹, Luis Hernández-Callejo⁵

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3859-3881, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.069996 - 23 December 2025

Abstract Solar chimneys are renewable energy systems designed to enhance natural ventilation, improving thermal comfort in buildings. As passive systems, solar chimneys contribute to energy efficiency in a sustainable and environmentally friendly way. The effectiveness of a solar chimney depends on its design and orientation relative to the cardinal directions, both of which are critical for optimal performance. This article presents a supervised learning approach using artificial neural networks to forecast the performance indicators of solar chimneys. The dataset includes information from 2784 solar chimney configurations, which encompasses various factors such as chimney height, channel thickness, More > Graphic Abstract

G. Yan^a, S. R. Zhang^a,*, H. J. Hou^b, Z. F. Yin^b, H. L. Guo^c

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 33-42, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.221.33

Abstract The theoretical approach was employed to comprehensively investigate the structural, dynamical, band structure, optical characteristics, and elastic anisotropy of CuAlS₂. The determined lattice parameters (a and c), elastic properties exhibit with the available data. The band structure and density of state indicates that CuAlS₂ exhibits semiconductor properties, characterized by a direct band gap measuring approximately 1.791 eV. The mechanical stability and optical properties of CuAlS₂ was calculated and analyzed. More >

O. Mekhbi^a, K. Kamli^b,*, Z. Hadef^b, O. Kamli^c, M. Bouatrous^d, N. Houaidji^e, L. Zighed^h

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.4, pp. 331-339, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.224.331

Abstract This work presents a hybrid study that employs Ultrasonic Spray method for the deposition of SnS absorber films and SCAPS-1D simulation method for the analysis of various solar cell topologies. Different deposition times have been employed to optimize structural, optics, and electrical properties. To evaluate their potential as absorber layers for solar cells, the films were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and tested for electrical performance. Complementary numerical simulations were carried out with SCAPS-1D in modeling ZnO:Al/i-ZnO/SnS₂/SnS solar cell structures. Results showed that optimized SnS thickness of 2.5 µm and high carrier More >