L. Dong¹, A. Alotaibi², S.A. Mohiuddine², S. N. Atluri³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.99, No.1, pp. 1-85, 2014, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2014.099.001

Abstract In this expository article, a variety of computational methods, such as Collocation, Finite Volume, Finite Element, Boundary Element, MLPG (Meshless Local Petrov Galerkin), Trefftz methods, and Method of Fundamental Solutions, etc., which are often used in isolated ways in contemporary literature are presented in a unified way, and are illustrated to solve a 4^th order ordinary differential equation (beam on an elastic foundation). Both the primal formulation, which considers the 4^th order ODE with displacement as the primitive variable, as well as two types of mixed formulations (one resulting in a set of 2 second-order ODEs,… More >

Z. D. Han¹, S. N. Atluri^2,3

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.97, No.1, pp. 1-34, 2014, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2014.097.001

Abstract The concept of a stress tensor [for instance, the Cauchy stress σ, Cauchy (1789-1857); the first Piola-Kirchhoff stress P, Piola (1794-1850), and Kirchhoff (1824-1889); and the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress, S] plays a central role in Newtonian continuum mechanics, through a physical approach based on the conservation laws for linear and angular momenta. The pioneering work of Noether (1882-1935), and the extraordinarily seminal work of Eshelby (1916- 1981), lead to the concept of an “energy-momentum tensor” [Eshelby (1951)]. An alternate form of the “energy-momentum tensor” was also given by Eshelby (1975) by taking the two-point deformation gradient tensor… More >

Morant AE, HD Merchán, EE Lutz

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.80, pp. 113-117, 2011, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2011.80.113

Abstract The wheat vernalization response is controlled by three recessive alleles identified and located, that allows to characterize varieties through genetic analysis. However, it is unknown whether the same genetic constitution at a loci scale in different varieties implies the same (1) requirement of cold hours, and (2) interaction with the photoperiod for induction. Therefore, we conducted an experiment with varieties carrying the alleles (vrn-A1, vrn-B1 vrn-D1), extreme condition of vernalization requirements, to compare the duration of the vegetative phase under different photoperiods. The study was conducted in a greenhouse with four varieties of double purpose wheat.… More >

Jiang Ming, He Xiaoyuan

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 111-112, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.020.111

Abstract Fast-starts are brief, sudden accelerations used by fish during predator-prey encounters. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) test and analysis method is critical to understand the function of the pectoral fin during maneuvers. An experiment method based on Fourier Transform Profilometry for 3D pectoral fin profile variety during fish maneuvers is proposed. This method was used in a carp fast-start during prey. Projecting the moirAC fringes onto a carp pectoral fin it will produce the deformed fringe patterns contain 3D information. A high speed camera captures these time-sequence images. By Fourier transform, filter, inverse Fourier More >

TakehikoNakama¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.14, No.1, pp. 35-60, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2009.014.035

Abstract Random noise perturbs objective functions in practical optimization problems, and genetic algorithms (GAs) have been proposed as an effective optimization tool for dealing with noisy objective functions. In this paper, we investigate GAs in a variety of noisy environments where fitness perturbation can occur in any form-for example, fitness evaluations can be concurrently disturbed by additive and multiplicative noise. We reveal the convergence properties of GAs by constructing and analyzing a Markov chain that explicitly models the evolution of the algorithms in noisy environments. We compute the one-step transition probabilities of the Markov chain and… More >

Miravalles¹ M, V Beaufort², F Möckel¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 263-273, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.263

Abstract Blackpoint incidence was assessed on grain from six durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) varieties grown during crop season 2004-05 at four sites, in the traditional durum wheat growing region of Argentina. Broad differences in grain discolouration were detected among sites and varieties, together with significant variety x site interactions. Among varieties, those with lower thousand grain weight and higher widthto- length ratio (proportionally shorter grains) showed less susceptibility to this disease than heavy/large grain varieties. Differences among sites in the levels of blackpoint incidence were also related to the physical attributes of grains revealing the strong More >