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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Simulation of Flow and Temperature Distribution in a Bottom-Blown Copper Bath

    Teng Xia1,2, Xiaohui Zhang1,2,*, Ding Ma1,2, Zhi Yang1,2, Xinting Tong3, Yutang Zhao4, Hua Wang1,2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 121-140, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.058683 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract Smelting with oxygen bottom blowing is one of the main methods used in the frame of copper pyrometallurgy. With this approach, feed materials and oxygen-enriched air are introduced in reversed order to enhance multiphase flow within the furnace. Understanding the flow structure and temperature distribution in this setup is crucial for optimizing production. In this study, gas-liquid interactions, and temperature profiles under varying air-injection conditions are examined by means of numerical simulation for a 3.2 m × 20 m furnace. The results indicate that the high-velocity regions are essentially distributed near the lance within the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Numerical Simulation of Flow and Temperature Distribution in a Bottom-Blown Copper Bath

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) Combined with Ship Based Carbon Capture (SBCC) for an Efficient Blue Hydrogen Production on Board Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Carriers

    Ikram Belmehdi1,*, Boumedienne Beladjine1, Mohamed Djermouni1, Amina Sabeur1, Mohammed El Ganaoui2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 71-85, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.058510 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The objective of this study is to propose an optimal plant design for blue hydrogen production aboard a liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier. This investigation focuses on integrating two distinct processes—steam methane reforming (SMR) and ship-based carbon capture (SBCC). The first refers to the common practice used to obtain hydrogen from methane (often derived from natural gas), where steam reacts with methane to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide (CO2). The second refers to capturing the CO2 generated during the SMR process on board ships. By capturing and storing the carbon emissions, the process significantly reduces its… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Wind Turbine Composite Blades: A Critical Review of Aeroelastic Modeling and Vibration Control

    Tingrui Liu1, Qinghu Cui1,2, Dan Xu1,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 1-36, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.058444 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract With the gradual increase in the size and flexibility of composite blades in large wind turbines, problems related to aeroelastic instability and blade vibration are becoming increasingly more important. Given their impact on the lifespan of wind turbines, these subjects have become important topics in turbine blade design. In this article, first aspects related to the aeroelastic (structural and aerodynamic) modeling of large wind turbine blades are summarized. Then, two main methods for blade vibration control are outlined (passive control and active control), including the case of composite blades. Some improvement schemes are proposed More > Graphic Abstract

    Wind Turbine Composite Blades: A Critical Review of Aeroelastic Modeling and Vibration Control

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Simulation of Gas-LiquId Flow in a Horizontal Elbow

    Lihui Ma1, Wei Li1, Yuanyuan Wang1, Pan Zhang1, Lina Wang1, Xinying Liu1, Meiqin Dong2, Xuewen Cao2, Jiang Bian3,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 107-119, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.058295 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract Gas-liquid flow (GLF), especially slug and annular flows in oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines, become particularly complex inside elbows and can easily exacerbate pipeline corrosion and damage. In this study, FLUENT was used to conduct 3D simulations of slug and annular flow in elbows for different velocities to assess the ensuing changes in terms of pressure. In particular, the multifluid VOF (Volume of Fraction) model was chosen. The results indicate that under both slug and annular flow conditions, the pressure inside the elbow is lower than the outside. As the superficial velocity More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review of the Applications of Nanofluids and Related Hybrid Variants in Flat Tube Car Radiators

    Saeed Dinarvand*, Amirmohammad Abbasi, Sogol Gharsi

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 37-60, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.057545 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The present review explores the promising role of nanofluids and related hybrid variants in enhancing the efficiency of flat tube car radiators. As vehicles become more advanced and demand better thermal performance, traditional coolants are starting to fall short. Nanofluids, which involve tiny nanoparticles dispersed into standard cooling liquids, offer a new solution by significantly improving heat transfer capabilities. The article categorizes the different types of nanofluids (ranging from those based on metals and metal oxides to carbon materials and hybrid combinations) and examines their effects on the improvement of radiator performance. General consensus More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Thermo-Hydraulic Performances of Microchannel Heat Sinks with Different Types of Perforated Rectangular Blocks

    Heng Zhao1, Honghua Ma2, Hui Liu1, Xiang Yan1, Huaqing Yu1, Yongjun Xiao1, Xiao Xiao3,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 87-105, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.056577 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The behavior of single-phase flow and conjugate heat transfer in micro-channel heat sinks (MCHS) subjected to a uniform heat flux is investigated by means of numerical simulations. Various geometrical configurations are examined, particularly, the combinations of rectangular solid and perforated blocks, used to create a disturbance in the flow. The analysis focuses on several key aspects and related metrics, including the temperature distribution, the mean Fanning friction factor, the pressure drop, the Nusselt number, and the overall heat transfer coefficient across a range of Reynolds numbers (80–870). It is shown that the introduction of such More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Quantitative Effects of Velocity and Residual Pressure Level on Aerodynamic Noise of Ultra-High-Speed Maglev Trains

    Lanxi Zhang1, Yuming Peng1, Yudong Wu2,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 205-220, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.056516 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The challenge of aerodynamic noise is a key obstacle in the advancement of low-pressure tube ultra-high-speed maglev transportation, demanding urgent resolution. This study utilizes a broadband noise source model to perform a quantitative analysis of the aerodynamic noise produced by ultra-high-speed maglev trains operating in low-pressure environments. Initially, an external flow field calculation model for the ultra-high-speed maglev train is presented. Subsequently, numerical simulations based on the broadband noise source model are used to examine the noise characteristics. The impact of the train speed and pressure level on noise generation is investigated accordingly. Subsequently, a… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Study of Cavitating Flows around a Hydrofoil with Deep Analysis of Vorticity Effects

    Shande Li1, Wen’an Zhong1, Shaoxing Yu1, Hao Wang2,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 179-204, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.056228 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract This paper aims to numerically explore the characteristics of unsteady cavitating flow around a NACA0015 hydrofoil, with a focus on vorticity attributes. The simulation utilizes a homogeneous mixture model coupled with a filter-based density correction turbulence model and a modified Zwart cavitation model. The study investigates the dynamic cavitation features of the thermal fluid around the hydrofoil at various incoming flow velocities. It systematically elucidates the evolution of cavitation and vortex dynamics corresponding to each velocity condition. The results indicate that with increasing incoming flow velocity, distinct cavitation processes take place in the flow field. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Analysis of Urban-Rail Vehicle/Tunnel Aerodynamic Interaction

    Haoran Meng1,2,3, Nianxun Li4, Xukui Shen2, Hong Zhang2, Tian Li4,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 161-178, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.055389 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The pressure wave generated by an urban-rail vehicle when passing through a tunnel affects the comfort of passengers and may even cause damage to the train and related tunnel structures. Therefore, controlling the train speed in the tunnel is extremely important. In this study, this problem is investigated numerically in the framework of the standard k-ε two-equation turbulence model. In particular, an eight-car urban rail train passing through a tunnel at different speeds (140, 160, 180 and 200 km/h) is considered. The results show that the maximum aerodynamic drag of the head and tail cars is More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A New Approach for the Calculation of Slope Failure Probability with Fuzzy Limit-State Functions

    Jianing Hao1, Dan Yang2, Guanxiong Ren1, Ying Zhao3, Rangling Cao4,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 141-159, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.054469 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract This study presents an innovative approach to calculating the failure probability of slopes by incorporating fuzzy limit-state functions, a method that significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of slope stability analysis. Unlike traditional probabilistic techniques, this approach utilizes a least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) optimized with a grey wolf optimizer (GWO) and K-fold cross-validation (CV) to approximate the limit-state function, thus reducing computational complexity. The novelty of this work lies in its application to one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) slope models, demonstrating its versatility and high precision. The proposed method consistently achieves… More > Graphic Abstract

    A New Approach for the Calculation of Slope Failure Probability with Fuzzy Limit-State Functions

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