Patikorn Anchuen, Peerapong Uthansakul^*, Monthippa Uthansakul, Settawit Poochaya

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1925-1943, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022444 - 03 November 2021

Abstract Smart electric motorcycle-sharing systems based on the digital platform are one of the public transportations that we use in daily lives when the sharing economy is considered. This transportation provides convenience for users with low-cost systems while it also promotes an environmental conservation. Normally, users rent the vehicle to travel from the origin station to another station near their destination with a one-way trip in which the demand of renting and returning at each station is different. This leads to unbalanced vehicle rental systems. To avoid the full or empty inventory, the electric motorcycle-sharing rebalancing… More >

Xi Chen^1,3, Tao Wu^2,*, Mehtab Afzal⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1959-1971, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022344 - 03 November 2021

Abstract Animal husbandry is the pillar industry in some ethnic areas of China. However, the communication/networking infrastructure in these areas is often underdeveloped, thus the difficulty in centralized management, and challenges for the effective monitoring. Considering the dynamics of the field monitoring environment, as well as the diversity and mobility of monitoring targets, traditional WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks) or IoT (Internet of Things) is difficult to meet the surveillance needs. Mobile surveillance that features the collaboration of various functions (camera, sensing, image recognition, etc.) deployed on mobile devices is desirable in a volatile wireless environment. This… More >

Zhe Sun¹, Jiyuan Feng¹, Lihua Yin^1,*, Zixu Zhang², Ran Li¹, Yu Hu¹, Chongning Na³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1867-1886, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022290 - 03 November 2021

Abstract Federated learning is a distributed learning framework which trains global models by passing model parameters instead of raw data. However, the training mechanism for passing model parameters is still threatened by gradient inversion, inference attacks, etc. With a lightweight encryption overhead, function encryption is a viable secure aggregation technique in federation learning, which is often used in combination with differential privacy. The function encryption in federal learning still has the following problems: a) Traditional function encryption usually requires a trust third party (TTP) to assign the keys. If a TTP colludes with a server, the… More >

Amor Smida^1,2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1613-1623, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022289 - 03 November 2021

Abstract High gain antennas are highly desirable for long-range wireless communication systems. In this paper, a compact, low profile, and high gain dielectric resonator antenna is proposed, fabricated, experimentally tested, and verified. The proposed antenna system has a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna with a height of 9 mm and a radius of 6.35 mm as a radiating element. The proposed dielectric resonator antenna is sourced with a slot while the slot is excited with a rectangular microstrip transmission line. The microstrip transmission line is designed for a 50 Ω impedance to provide maximum power to the… More >

Noor Gul^1,2, Saeed Ahmed^1,3, Atif Elahi⁴, Su Min Kim¹, Junsu Kim^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 369-387, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022260 - 03 November 2021

Abstract Since the introduction of the Internet of Things (IoT), several researchers have been exploring its productivity to utilize and organize the spectrum assets. Cognitive radio (CR) technology is characterized as the best aspirant for wireless communications to augment IoT competencies. In the CR networks, secondary users (SUs) opportunistically get access to the primary users (PUs) spectrum through spectrum sensing. The multipath issues in the wireless channel can fluster the sensing ability of the individual SUs. Therefore, several cooperative SUs are engaged in cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) to ensure reliable sensing results. In CSS, security is… More >

Kabir Hossain^1,2, Thennarasan Sabapathy^1,2,*, Muzammil Jusoh^1,2, Ping Jack Soh^1,3, Samir Salem Al-Bawri⁴, Mohamed Nasrun Osman^1,2, Hasliza A. Rahim^1,2, Danai Torrungrueng⁵, Prayoot Akkaraekthalin⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1677-1693, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022227 - 03 November 2021

Abstract This paper introduces a decagonal C-shaped complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) textile-based metamaterial (MTM). The overall size of the proposed sub-wavelength MTM unit cell is 0.28λ₀ × 0.255λ₀ at 3 GHz. Its stopband behaviour was first studied prior analysing the negative index properties of the proposed MTM. It is worth noting that in this work a unique way the experiments were completed. For both simulations and measurements, the proposed MTM exhibited negative-permittivity and negative-refractive index characteristics with an average bandwidth of more than 3 GHz (considering 1.7 to 8.2 GHz as the measurements were carried out within this range).… More >

Hafeez ur Rehman^1,*, Tariq Shah¹, Amer Aljaedi², Mohammad Mazyad Hazzazi³, Adel R. Alharbi²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1313-1329, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022224 - 03 November 2021

Abstract Elliptic curve cryptography ensures more safety and reliability than other public key cryptosystems of the same key size. In recent years, the use of elliptic curves in public-key cryptography has increased due to their complexity and reliability. Different kinds of substitution boxes are proposed to address the substitution process in the cryptosystems, including dynamical, static, and elliptic curve-based methods. Conventionally, elliptic curve-based S-boxes are based on prime field but in this manuscript; we propose a new technique of generating S-boxes based on mordell elliptic curves over the Galois field . This technique affords a higher More >

Usman Ali, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1597-1611, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022219 - 03 November 2021

Abstract Enormous methods have been proposed for the detection and segmentation of blur and non-blur regions of the images. Due to the limited available information about blur type, scenario and the level of blurriness, detection and segmentation is a challenging task. Hence, the performance of the blur measure operator is an essential factor and needs improvement to attain perfection. In this paper, we propose an effective blur measure based on local binary pattern (LBP) with adaptive threshold for blur detection. The sharpness metric developed based on LBP used a fixed threshold irrespective of the type and… More >

R. Dhaya^1,*, R. Kanthavel²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1625-1639, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022213 - 03 November 2021

Abstract We propose a dynamic automated infrastructure model for the cloud data centre which is aimed as an efficient service stipulation for the enormous number of users. The data center and cloud computing technologies have been at the moment rendering attention to major research and development efforts by companies, governments, and academic and other research institutions. In that, the difficult task is to facilitate the infrastructure to construct the information available to application-driven services and make business-smart decisions. On the other hand, the challenges that remain are the provision of dynamic infrastructure for applications and information More >

R. Thenmozhi¹, Abdul Wahid Nasir², Vijaya Krishna Sonthi³, T. Avudaiappan⁴, Seifedine Kadry⁵, Kuntha Pin⁶, Yunyoung Nam^7,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 2037-2051, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022203 - 03 November 2021

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSN) comprise a set of numerous cheap sensors placed in the target region. A primary function of the WSN is to avail the location details of the event occurrences or the node. A major challenge in WSN is node localization which plays an important role in data gathering applications. Since GPS is expensive and inaccurate in indoor regions, effective node localization techniques are needed. The major intention of localization is for determining the place of node in short period with minimum computation. To achieve this, bio-inspired algorithms are used and node localization… More >