Zhao-Jun Zhang¹, Wen-Wei Wang^1,2,*, Jing-Shui Zhen¹, Bo-Cheng Li¹, De-Cheng Cai¹, Yang-Yang Du¹, Hui Huang²

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2024.052506

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the moment redistribution in continuous glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)-concrete composite slabs caused by concrete cracking and steel bar yielding in the negative bending moment zone. An experimental bending moment redistribution test was conducted on continuous GFRP-concrete composite slabs, and a calculation method based on the conjugate beam method was proposed. The composite slabs were formed by combining GFRP profiles with a concrete layer and supported on steel beams to create two-span continuous composite slab specimens. Two methods, epoxy resin bonding, and stud connection, were used to connect the composite… More >

Mingkun Cheng^1,2, Ju Min^2,*, Yanying Zhang², Yuhe Wang³, Xia Wang⁴, Weiming Shi^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.054182

Abstract Vegetable runoff nitrogen (N) loss is a serious environmental issue. However, whether the volume or N content of runoff determines the final N losses has not been clarified, which limited the optimal N managements in vegetable production. Here, we conducted a simulated rainfall experiment to study the runoff N loss flux pattern and the accumulation rate as well as the main influencing factors. The results showed that at 20 to 30 min, the volume of runoff water with a high N content reaches a critical inflection point of increase. Under 55 mm/h rainfall intensity, the… More >

Yinyu Xu¹, Zheng Li¹, Qian Wen², Hao He¹, Pengtu Shi¹, Wenhua Zhou^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.047949

Abstract The diversity of metabolites produced in fermented pine needles at different stages of fermentation has rarely been investigated. In the present study, untargeted metabolomic analysis using GC-MS and LC-MS was performed to detect metabolites in fermented pine needles at different fermentation stages. A total of 30 samples of pine needles fermented first with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and then with a mixed bacterial culture of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 and Bifidobacterium Breve M16V, were used to detect differential metabolites at different stages of fermentation. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine correlations between metabolites and key microbial communities. A… More >

LIWEN FENG^1,2,#,*, YUTING CHEN^3,#, WENYI JIN⁴

Oncology Research, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/or.2024.054207

Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent primary bone malignancy with limited treatment options. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate and understand the mechanisms underlying OS pathogenesis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are markedly abundant in tumor stromal cells and are essentially involved in the modulation of tumor occurrence and development. In recent years, CAFs have become a hotspot as researchers aim to elucidate CAF mechanisms that regulate tumor progression. However, most studies on CAFs are limited to a few common cancers, and their association with OS remains elusive. This review describes the role and current knowledge of CAFs More >

Anuraag Moturi, Dharmesh R. Chejara^*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jpm.2024.055887

Abstract A chitosan and guar protein isolate blend conjugate (Ch/GPI-Glu) based membrane has been designed and studied for its possible interaction with this biopolymer mixture. The designed conjugate chitosan/guar protein isolate blended membrane was investigated for its structural features using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses. IR Spectroscopic data suggested that chitosan and guar protein isolate contributed to a specific intermolecular interaction. The designed membrane was water-insoluble and it exhibited strong polymer–protein interaction. Further, the membrane was also found to have a smooth morphology More >

Mahyar Kargaran^*, Hamid Reza Goshayeshi, Ali Reza Alizadeh Jajarm

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.056284

Abstract Solar energy is a valuable renewable energy source, and photovoltaic (PV) systems are a practical approach to harnessing this energy. Nevertheless, low energy efficiency is considered a major setback of the system. Moreover, high cell temperature and reflection of solar irradiance from the panel are considered chief culprits in this regard. Employing pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) is an innovative and useful approach to improving solar panel performance. This study presents the results of the power performance of a PV panel attached to a newly designed spiral pulsating heat pipe, while graphene oxide nanofluid with three More >

B. Ould Said¹, F. Mebarek-Oudina^2,*, M. A. Medebber³

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.054164

Abstract In this work, a steady mixed convection in a two-dimensional enclosure filled viananoliquid Cu/H2O through a porous medium was numerically analyzed. The nanoliquid flow is designated utilizing the Brinkman-Forchheimer model. The upper and the bottom horizontal walls are considered to be hot (Th) and cold temperature (Tc), respectively, whereas the other walls are thermally insulated. The impact of various dimensionless terms such as the Grashof number (Gr) in the ranges (0.01–20), the Reynolds number (Re) in the ranges (50–500), the Hartman number (Ha) in the ranges (0–20), and three different location cases (0.25, 0.5, and More >

Yanbo Shao¹, Xuewen Cao^1,*, Wei You¹, Shan Zhao¹, Zilong Nan², Jiang Bian^1,3,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.053774

Abstract Transporting massive quantities of carbon dioxide through a pipeline in its supercritical state is extremely convenient. Because of the unique properties of supercritical carbon dioxide, however, leakage occurring in such conditions can be extremely intricate, resulting in the dispersion area following leakage being influenced by numerous factors. In this study, this problem is addressed in the frame of the so-called Unified Dispersion Model (UDM), and various influential parameters are considered, namely, leakage pressure, leakage temperature, leakage aperture, leakage angle, atmospheric stability, wind speed, and surface roughness. The results show that the supercritical carbon dioxide dispersion More >

Zhenjiang Zhao¹, Lei Jiang¹, Ling Bai^2,*, Bo Pan³, Ling Zhou^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.055399

Abstract The fluid’s viscosity significantly affects the performance of a centrifugal pump. The entropy production method and leakage are employed to analyze the performance changes under various viscosities by numerical simulation and validated by experiments. The results showed that increasing viscosity reduces both the pump head and efficiency. In addition, the optimal operating point shifts to the left. Leakage is influenced by vortex distribution in the front chamber and boundary layer thickness in wear-ring clearance, leading to an initial increase and subsequent decrease in leakage with increasing viscosity. The total entropy production inside the pump rises More >

Yongsheng Zhu^1,2,*, Chong Liu^3,4, Chunlei Chen⁵, Xiaoting Lyu^3,4, Zheng Chen^3,4, Bin Wang⁶, Fuqiang Hu^3,4, Hanxi Li^3,4, Jiao Dai^3,4, Baigen Cai¹, Wei Wang^3,4

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.054820

Abstract The development of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems necessitates incorporating privacy-preserving mechanisms into AI models to protect sensitive information and enhance system efficiency. Federated learning offers a promising solution by allowing multiple clients to train models collaboratively without sharing private data. However, despite its privacy benefits, federated learning systems are vulnerable to poisoning attacks, where adversaries alter local model parameters on compromised clients and send malicious updates to the server, potentially compromising the global model’s accuracy. In this study, we introduce PMM (Perturbation coefficient Multiplied by Maximum value), a new poisoning attack method that perturbs model More >