Dokyung Hwang¹, Hyeonmin Ro¹, Naejoung Kwak², Jinsang Hwang³, Dongju Kim^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 4411-4431, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025378

Abstract A novel practical and universal method of mask-wearing detection has been proposed to prevent viral respiratory infections. The proposed method quickly and accurately detects mask and facial regions using well-trained You Only Look Once (YOLO) detector, then applies image coordinates of the detected bounding box (bbox). First, the data that is used to train our model is collected under various circumstances such as light disturbances, distances, time variations, and different climate conditions. It also contains various mask types to detect in general and universal application of the model. To detect mask-wearing status, it is important to detect facial and mask… More >

Chulwon Lee¹, Kyungho Lee^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 4803-4816, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025310

Abstract The damage caused by malicious software is increasing owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, such as ransomware attacks on information technology and operational technology systems based on corporate networks and social infrastructures and spear-phishing attacks on business or research institutes. Recently, several studies have been conducted to prevent further phishing emails in the workplace because malware attacks employ emails as the primary means of penetration. However, according to the latest research, there appears to be a limitation in blocking email spoofing through advanced blocking systems such as spam email filtering solutions and advanced persistent threat systems. Therefore, experts believe that it… More >

Ahmed M. Elmogy^1,2,*, Amany Sarhan², Wael M. Elawady²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 5629-5641, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025247

Abstract As most real world systems are significantly nonlinear in nature, developing robust controllers have attracted many researchers for decades. Robust controllers are the controllers that are able to cope with the inherent uncertainties of the nonlinear systems. Many control methods have been developed for this purpose. Sliding mode control (SMC) is one of the most commonly used methods in developing robust controllers. This paper presents a higher order SMC (HOSMC) approach to mitigate the chattering problem of the traditional SMC techniques. The developed approach combines a third order SMC with an adaptive PID (proportional, integral, derivative) sliding surface to overcome… More >

Rashmi Sharma¹, Nitin Nitin², Deepak Dahiya^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 5197-5213, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025059

Abstract Failure is a systemic error that affects overall system performance and may eventually crash across the entire configuration. In Real-Time Systems (RTS), deadline is the key to successful completion of the program. If tasks effectively meet the deadline, it means the system is working in pristine order. However, missing the deadline means a systemic fault due to which the system can crash (hard RTS) or degrade inclusive performance (soft RTS). To fine-tune the RTS, tolerance is the critical issue and must be handled with extreme care. This article explains the context of fault tolerance with improvised Joint EDF-RMS algorithm in… More >

Fawad Salam Khan^1,4, Mohd Norzali Haji Mohd^1,*, Saiful Azrin B. M. Zulkifli², Ghulam E Mustafa Abro², Suhail Kazi³, Dur Muhammad Soomro¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 5741-5759, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024927

Abstract The evident change in the design of the autopilot system produced massive help for the aviation industry and it required frequent upgrades. Reinforcement learning delivers appropriate outcomes when considering a continuous environment where the controlling Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) required maximum accuracy. In this paper, we designed a hybrid framework, which is based on Reinforcement Learning and Deep Learning where the traditional electronic flight controller is replaced by using 3D hand gestures. The algorithm is designed to take the input from 3D hand gestures and integrate with the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) to receive the best reward and take… More >

Saman Riaz¹, Ali Arshad², Shahab S. Band^3,*, Amir Mosavi⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 4303-4321, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024819

Abstract The way towards generating a website front end involves a designer settling on an idea for what kind of layout they want the website to have, then proceeding to plan and implement each aspect one by one until they have converted what they initially laid out into its Html front end form, this process can take a considerable time, especially considering the first draft of the design is traditionally never the final one. This process can take up a large amount of resource real estate, and as we have laid out in this paper, by using a Model consisting of… More >

Rishi Dewan¹, Adarsh Kumar², Mohammad Khalid Imam Rahmani³, Surbhi Bhatia⁴, Md Ezaz Ahmed^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 5761-5776, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024762

Abstract Water injection has shown to be one of the most successful, efficient, and cost-effective reservoir management strategies. By re-injecting treated and filtered water into reservoirs, this approach can help maintain reservoir pressure, increase hydrocarbon output, and reduce the environmental effect. The goal of this project is to create a water injection model utilizing Eclipse reservoir simulation software to better understand water injection methods for reservoir pressure maintenance. A basic reservoir model is utilized in this investigation. For simulation designs, the reservoir length, breadth, and thickness may be changed to different levels. The water-oil contact was discovered at 7000 feet, and the… More >

Abdulraqeb Alhammadi^1,*, Wan Haslina Hassan¹, Ayman A. El-Saleh², Ibraheem Shayea³, Hafizal Mohamad⁴, Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 5215-5232, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024713

Abstract Fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks offer high transmission rates in dense urban environments. However, a massive deployment of small cells will be required to provide wide-area coverage, which leads to an increase in the number of handovers (HOs). Mobility management is an important issue that requires considerable attention in heterogeneous networks, where 5G ultra-dense small cells coexist with current fourth-generation (4G) networks. Although mobility robustness optimization (MRO) and load balancing optimization (LBO) functions have been introduced in the 3GPP standard to address HO problems, non-robust and nonoptimal algorithms for selecting appropriate HO control parameters (HCPs) still exist, and an optimal solution… More >

Ankur Dumka¹, Parag Verma², Rajesh Singh³, Anil Kumar Bisht⁴, Divya Anand^5,6,*, Hani Moaiteq Aljahdali⁷, Irene Delgado Noya^6,8, Silvia Aparicio Obregon^6,9

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 6029-6044, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024698

Abstract Coronavirus (COVID-19) has impacted nearly every person across the globe either in terms of losses of life or as of lockdown. The current coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is a rare/special situation where people can express their feelings on Internet-based social networks. Social media is emerging as the biggest platform in recent years where people spend most of their time expressing themselves and their emotions. This research is based on gathering data from Twitter and analyzing the behavior of the people during the COVID-19 lockdown. The research is based on the logic expressed by people in this perspective and emotions for the… More >

Ayman A. El-Saleh¹, Abdulraqeb Alhammadi^2,*, Ibraheem Shayea³, Azizul Azizan⁴, Wan Haslina Hassan²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 4571-4587, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024642

Abstract Mobile broadband (MBB) networks are expanding rapidly to deliver higher data speeds. The fifth-generation cellular network promises enhanced-MBB with high-speed data rates, low power connectivity, and ultra-low latency video streaming. However, existing cellular networks are unable to perform well due to high latency and low bandwidth, which degrades the performance of various applications. As a result, monitoring and evaluation of the performance of these network-supported services is critical. Mobile network providers optimize and monitor their network performance to ensure the highest quality of service to their end-users. This paper proposes a Bayesian model to estimate the minimum opinion score (MOS)… More >