Open Access

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Serum levels of interleukin-32 and interleukin-6 in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis: association with clinical and biochemical findings

Joanna Krajewska (Wojciechowska)¹, Katarzyna Kos·cielska-Kasprzak², Wojciech Krajewski³, Krzysztof Morawski¹

1 Medical University in Wrocław, Department and Clinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Borowska 213 Street, Wrocław Poland
2 Medical University in Wrocław, Department and Clinic of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Borowska 213 Street, Wrocław Poland
3 Medical University in Wrocław, Department and Clinic of Urology and Urological Oncology, Borowska 213 Street, Wrocław Poland

* Corresponding Authors: Joanna Krajewska (Wojciechowska), ;

European Cytokine Network 2019, 30(4), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.1684/ecn.2019.0439

Accepted 01 November 2019;

Abstract

Background: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis is an autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology with dysregulated cytokines levels. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to assess the clinical correlation between antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) serum levels of the microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-32 and interleukin-6. Methods: Study included 71 patients, 47 with GPA and 24 with MPA. Serum IL-32 and IL-6 concentrations were analyzed in all patients, and compared with levels observed in 10 controls. IL-32 and IL-6 were evaluated using DuoSet and Quantikine HS ELISA, respectively. IL-32 and IL-6 concentrations were correlated with disease-related clinical and laboratory findings. Results: IL-32 and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in GPA and MPA than in controls, especially IL-32 levels in GPA were elevated. IL-32 concentrations correlated positively with antiproteinase 3 - ANCA (PR3-ANCA) levels in GPA (P < 0.0001), and with anti-myeloperoxidase ANCA (MPO-ANCA) inMPA (P = 0.049). IL-32 levels correlated positively with disease activity in GPA andMPA (P < 0.0001). GPA patients with pulmonary, cutaneous, and musculoskeletal involvement presented the highest IL-6 serum levels. Cutaneous manifestations correlated positively with IL-6 levels in MPA patients (P = 0.05). ANCA-positive patients with GPA expressed significantly high IL-6 levels (P = 0.036). No significant difference in IL-32 values was observed between ANCA-positive and ANCA-negative patients.Conclusions: Patients with GPA andMPA present higher serum IL-32 and IL-6 levels than controls. IL-32 levels correlate positively with disease activity.

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