Open Access

REVIEW

The complexity of nitric oxide generation and function in plants

María P BENAVIDES¹, Susana M GALLEGO¹, Facundo RAMOS ARTUSO², Mariana CHECOVICH³, Andrea GALATRO^*

Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1 Cátedra Química Biológica Vegetal, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini" (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
2 Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE) CONICET-UNLP, La Plata, Argentina.
3 Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Argentina

* Address correspondence to: Andrea Galatro,

BIOCELL 2016, 40(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2016.40.001

Abstract

Plants are exposed to environmental stress, in natural and agricultural conditions.Nitric oxide (NO), a small gaseous molecule which plays important roles in plants, has been involved in many physiological processes, and emerged as an important endogenous signaling molecule in the adaptation of plants to biotic and abiotic stress. NO is produced from a variety of enzymatic and non enzymatic sources, which are not yet fully understood. Also, NO and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can produce posttranslational modifications affecting protein function. Nitrate reductase, a key enzyme in the nitrogen metabolism, is a proposed source of NO in plants which could be affected by posttranslational modifications.Thus, different pathways seem to be involved and can also regulate NO synthesis in the plant cell under physiological or stress conditions. However, how the levels of NO are reached in such time and place to fulfill its functions, are still puzzles to elucidate.

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