Home / Journals / BIOCELL / Vol.40, No.1, 2016
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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    REVIEW

    The complexity of nitric oxide generation and function in plants

    María P BENAVIDES1, Susana M GALLEGO1, Facundo RAMOS ARTUSO2, Mariana CHECOVICH3, Andrea GALATRO*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 1-6, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.001
    Abstract Plants are exposed to environmental stress, in natural and agricultural conditions.Nitric oxide (NO), a small gaseous molecule which plays important roles in plants, has been involved in many physiological processes, and emerged as an important endogenous signaling molecule in the adaptation of plants to biotic and abiotic stress. NO is produced from a variety of enzymatic and non enzymatic sources, which are not yet fully understood. Also, NO and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can produce posttranslational modifications affecting protein function. Nitrate reductase, a key enzyme in the nitrogen metabolism, is a proposed source of NO in plants which could be… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Heart mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic rats

    S.S. Bombicino*, D.E. Iglesias, I.A. Rukavina Mikusic, A. Boveris, L.B. Valdez
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 7-10, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.007
    Abstract Diabetic cardiomyopathy, i.e. the ventricular dysfunction in the absence of hypertension or coronary arterial disease, is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that leads to a heightened risk of heart failure and death among diabetic patients. This contractile dysfunction could be associated to mitochondrial dysfunction, in which mitochondrial biogenesis could emerge as a compensatory mechanism triggered in response to hyperglycemia. It has been proposed that nitric oxide synthase activities with enhanced NO production are involved in this process. Alterations in the contractile response and lusitropic reserve were observed in streptozotocin diabetic rats after β-adrenergic stimuli. Additionally, tissue O2 consumption was… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Ketamine effect on intracellular and mitochondrial calcium mobilization

    Juanita BUSTAMANTE1,*, Analía CZERNICZYNIEC2, Silvia LORES-ARNAIZ2
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 11-14, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.011
    Abstract The suppressive effects of ketamine on intracellular calcium has been reported in a variety of cells although the mechanisms involved are not well understood. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ketamine effect on the mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation and the cellular Ca2+ mobilization using FLUO4-AM and flow cytometry. The results showed that mitochondria from ketamine injected animals presented a lower ability to retain calcium at concentrations higher than 20 μM, as compared with controls (saline injected animals). In addition, ketamine showed a significant decreased KCl-induced intracellular calcium concentration. KCl increased calcium influx through cellular depolarization. According to the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Adverse effects induced by chromium VI, cadmium and arsenic exposure on hypothalamus-pituitary physiology

    Jimena P. CABILLA, Sonia A. RONCHETTI, Beatriz H. DUVILANSKI*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 15-18, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.015
    Abstract Environmental contamination with some metalloids and heavy metals (M/HM) raises concern due to well known adverse effects on health. Among these pollutants, chromium VI (Cr VI), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are frequently present as a result of natural sources or due to industrial activities. They are able to easily enter the organism and negatively affect many organs and systems. In vivo (exposure to Cr VI, Cd or As through drinking water) and in vitro experiments (primary pituitary cell cultures) were performed in male Wistar rats to address their actions on hypothalamus-pituitary axis. All the M/HM accumulated in hypothalamus and… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Time course and mechanism of brain oxidative stress and damage for redox active and inactive transition metals overload

    Nidia FERRAROTTI1, Rosario MUSACCO-SEBIO2, Christian SAPORITO-MAGRIÑÁ2, Juan Manuel ACOSTA2, Marisa REPETTO2 *
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 19-22, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.019
    Abstract The objective of this work was to study the in vivo time course of biochemical processes of oxidative damage in the brain of Sprague-Dawley rats that received an acute overload of the redox active metals iron (Fe) and copper (Cu), and the redox inactive cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni). Oxidative stress indicators (phospholipid and protein oxidation), glutathione (GSH), antioxidant enzymes and NADPH oxidase activities, and the plasma inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) were measured. The results showed that in brain oxidative mechanisms for both sets of metal are different, however in both cases are irreversible. The mechanism for Fe and Cu oxidative… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Oxidative stress in Microcystis aeruginosa as a consequence of global climate change

    Marcelo HERNANDO1, Christian HOUGHTON1, Leda GIANNUZZI2, Bernd KROCK3, Darío ANDRINOLO2, Gabriela MALANGA4,*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 23-26, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.023
    Abstract Cyanobacteria are phototrophic organisms with great ecological and economical importance. Species of the genus Microcystis are known for their potential ability to synthesize toxins, notably microcystins. There is a growing interest in the evaluation of oxidative stress in relation to the impact of global climate change on natural ecosystems in different trophic levels. Several studies have focused on the analysis of organismal responses to mitigate the damage by controlling the generation of reactive oxygen species. Variations in environmental factors caused by climate change generate a situation of oxidative damage in Microcystis aeruginosa as a direct or indirect consequence. In this… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide productions by NO-inhibited complex III

    Darío E. IGLESIAS*, Silvina S. BOMBICINO, Alberto BOVERIS, Laura B. VALDEZ
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 27-30, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.027
    Abstract Complex III plays a central role in the mitochondrial respiratory chain transferring electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c and pumping protons to the intermembrane space, contributing to the protonmotive force. Furthermore, complex III can act as a source of O2 •- in the presence of ubiquinol and antimycin, an expermiental condition in which the oxidation of the cytochrome b hemes is blocked. The O2 •- dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase produces H2O2, a known second messenger in redox signalling. Results from our laboratory have shown that NO, released from GSNO or from SPER -NO or generated by mtNOS, inhibits electron… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Alcohol hangover: impairments in behavior and bioenergetics in central nervous system

    Analia G. Karadayian1, Juanita Bustamante2, Silvia Lores-Arnaiz1, *
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 31-34, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.031
    Abstract Alcohol hangover (AH) is defined as the temporary state after alcohol binge-like drinking, starting when EtOH is absent in plasma. Results from our laboratory have shown behavioral impairments and mitochondrial dysfunction in an experimental model of AH in mice. Our model consisted in a single i.p. injection of EtOH (3.8 g/kg BW) or saline solution in male and female mice, sacrificing the animals 6 hours after injection. Motor and affective behavior together with mitochondrial function and free radical production were evaluated in brain cortex and cerebellum during AH. Results showed that hangover animals exhibited a significant reduction in neuromuscular coordination,… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Oxidative stress in the hydrophilic medium of algae and invertebrates

    Gabriela MALANGA, Paula Mariela GONZÁLEZ, Juan Manuel OSTERA, Susana PUNTARULO*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 35-38, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.035
    Abstract The harmful effects of the reactive species may be due to the increase in their steady state concentration either by the enhancement of their production rates and/or the decrease of their consumption rate by antioxidant activity. The ascorbyl radical (A ) can be considered as a final product of radical oxidative transformations of ascorbate (AH-). The ratio A content/AH- content (A /AH-) has been widely used as an interesting tool to estimate mild to moderate oxidative transformations, providing a quick and simple method of diagnosis of stress in the hydrophilic cellular medium. The aim of this work was to summarize… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Update on Fe-dependent oxidative metabolism in vivo: An integrative view

    Natacha E PILONI, Elizabeth ROBELLO, Julián G BONETTO, Susana PUNTARULO*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 39-42, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.039
    Abstract Fe is essential for human life because it constitutes the required cofactor for proteins of diverse biological functions. However, the development of oxidative stress by exposure to excessive Fe, share signaling pathways with other treatments including activation of redox-sensitive factors. This study was focused on the comparison on the effects of Fe in the brain and other organs in vivo. The oxidative effects triggered by Fe overload strongly depend not only on the administration protocol, but also on the Fe-compound used, and the studied organ. In both the liver and the brain, Fe content drastically increased after Fe-dextran administration. However,… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Cardiac ischemic preconditioning prevents dystrophin proteolysis by MMP-2 inhibition

    M. Rodríguez, B. Buchholz, V. D’Annuzio, M. Donato, G.E. González, M. A. Goyeneche, T. Mazo, V. Pérez, L. Wilensky, R.J. Gelpi*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 43-46, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.043
    Abstract Dystrophin is a membrane-associated protein responsible for structural stability of the sarcolemma in cardiac myocytes and is very sensitive to ischemic damage. The goal of our study was to determine if ischemic preconditioning could prevent dystrophin breakdown through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity. Isolated rabbit hearts were subjected to global ischemia with or without reperfusion in order to evaluate if dystrophin is preserved by ischemic preconditioning through MMP-2 inhibition. Ischemic preconditioning significantly reduced the infarct size induced by 30 min of ischemia and 180 min of reperfusion. Importantly, it also diminished dystrophin proteolysis and attenuated MMP-2 activity after 30… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    The role of mitochondria in inflammatory syndromes

    Virginia VANASCO, Timoteo MARCHINI, Natalia MAGNANI, Tamara VICO, Mariana GARCES, Lourdes CACERES, Alejandro GUAGLIANONE, Pablo EVELSON, Silvia ALVAREZ.*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 47-50, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.047
    Abstract Several authors have addressed the importance of mitochondrial function in inflammatory syndromes, as it may play a role in the genesis of tissue injury. Sepsis and exposition to environmental particles are examples of inflammatory conditions. Sepsis occurs with an exacerbated inflammatory response that damages tissue mitochondria and impairs bioenergetic processes. One of the current hypotheses for the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex condition of sepsis is that enhanced NO production and oxidative stress lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, bioenergetic derangement and organ failure. The mechanism of particulate matter-health effects are believed to involve inflammation and oxidative stress. Components in particles that… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Changes in the redox status of the brain in an experimental glaucoma model

    Claudia G. REIDES1,2, Romina M. LASAGNI VITAR1,2, Agustina PEVERINI1, Natasha S. JANEZIC1, Ailen G. HVOZDA ARANA1, Sandra M. FERREIRA1,2, Susana F. LLESUY1,2*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 51-54, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.051
    Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the redox status changes of primary visual targets in the rat brain of a high pressure-induced glaucoma model. The animal model consisted of inducing ocular hypertension by cauterizing two episcleral veins on the left eye. The markers of oxidative damage and the oxidative balance evaluated in the brain seven days postoperative were: nitrites concentration, levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes activity.
    The increase in the nitrite content, which could be the result of the enhancement in the production of nitrogen species, and in the activity of NADPH oxidase in the glaucoma… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Nitric oxide metabolism in heart mitochondria

    Tamara ZAOBORNYJ, Darío E. IGLESIAS, Silvina S. BOMBICINO, Alberto BOVERIS, Laura B. VALDEZ*
    BIOCELL, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 55-58, 2016, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2016.40.055
    Abstract Normal cardiac function is accomplished through a continuous energy supply provided by mitochondria. Heart mitochondria are the major source of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: superoxide anion (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO). NO production by mitochondrial NOS (mtNOS) is modified by metabolic state and shows an exponential dependence on Δψ. The interaction between mtNOS and complexes I and IV might be a mechanism involved in the regulation of mitochondrial NO production. NO exerts a high affinity, reversible and physiological inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase activity. A second effect of NO on the respiratory chain is accomplished through its interaction with… More >

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