Open Access

REVIEW

NADIRE ÖZENVER^1,2, THOMAS EFFERTH^2,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2151-2157, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.019937
Abstract Carnosic acid (CA) is a natural phenolic diterpene mainly occurring in some species of the Lamiaceae family. Numerous studies described the cytotoxicity of CA towards different types of cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Particularly, the influence of CA in combination with other drugs, vitamins or natural products through affecting various targets has raised interest. Current experimental in vivo data suggested that CA may cooperate with clinically used anticancer drugs promoting their activity against cancer. From this point of view, CA gained importance, because it may alter pharmacodynamic profiles of various agents in the case of their co-administration, and… More >

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745

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RUYU YAN^1,#, JUNJIE WANG^1,#, MINXIA LIU², KECHENG ZHOU^1,3,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2159-2165, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.021107
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Expert Opinions and Future Trends on Stem Cells, Biomaterials and Growth Factors)
Abstract Emerging cohorts and basic studies have associated certain genetic modifications in cancer patients, such as gene mutation, amplification, or deletion, with the overall survival prognosis, underscoring patients’ genetic background may directly regulate drug sensitivity/resistance during chemotherapies. Understanding the molecular mechanism underpinning drug sensitivity/resistance and further uncovering the effective drugs have been the major ambition in the cancer drug discovery. The emergence and popularity of CRISPR/Cas9 technology have reformed the entire life science research, providing a precise and simplified genome editing tool with unlimited editing possibilities. Furthermore, it presents a powerful tool in cancer drug discovery, which hopefully facilitates us with… More >

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2331

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631

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ISABELLA PANFOLI^1,*, MAURIZIO BRUSCHI², GIOVANNI CANDIANO²
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2167-2176, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020154
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Extracellular Vesicles and Cancer)
Abstract Precision medicine is based on the identification of biomarkers of tumor development and progression. Liquid biopsy is at the forefront of the ability to gather diagnostic and prognostic information on tumors, as it can be noninvasively performed prior or during treatment. Liquid biopsy mostly utilizes circulating tumor cells, or free DNA, but also exosomes. The latter are nanovesicles secreted by most cell types, found in any body fluid that deliver proteins, nucleic acids and lipids to nearby and distant cells with a unique homing ability. Exosomes function in signalling between the tumor microenvironment and the rest of the body, promoting… More >

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1382

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662

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REVIEW

KANIZ FATEMA, ZACHARY LARSON, JARED BARROTT^*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2177-2193, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020141
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Recent Advancement in Cancer Molecular Signaling)
Abstract Osteosarcoma is one of the most genomically complex cancers and as result, it has been difficult to assign genomic aberrations that contribute to disease progression and patient outcome consistently across samples. One potential source for correlating osteosarcoma and genomic biomarkers is within the non-coding regions of RNA that are differentially expressed. However, it is unsurprising that a cancer classification that is fraught with genomic instability is likely to have numerous studies correlating non-coding RNA expression and function have been published on the subject. This review undertakes the formidable task of evaluating the published literature of non-coding RNAs in osteosarcoma. This… More >

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568

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REVIEW

CARL RANDALL HARRELL^1,#, ANA VOLAREVIC^2,#,*, DRAGICA PAVLOVIC³, VALENTIN DJONOV⁴, VLADISLAV VOLAREVIC^4,5,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2195-2200, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020175
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Secretome and Biomaterials: Regenerative Medicine Application)
Abstract Detrimental immune response has a crucially important role in the development and progression of inflammatory eye diseases. Inflammatory mediators and proteolytic enzymes released by activated immune cells induce serious injury of corneal epithelial cells and retinal ganglion cell which may result in the vision loss. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regulatory cells which produce various immunosuppressive factors that modulate phenotype and function of inflammatory immune cells. However, several safety issues, including undesired differentiation and emboli formation, limit clinical use of MSCs. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles which contain all MSC-derived immunoregulatory factors. Intraocular administration of MSC-Exos efficiently attenuated… More >

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439

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VIEWPOINT

KI-TAEK LIM^#,*, TEJAL V. PATIL^#, DINESH K. PATEL, SAYAN DEB DUTTA, KEYA GANGULY, AAYUSHI RANDHAWA
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2201-2208, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020013
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Secretome and Biomaterials: Regenerative Medicine Application)
Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells usually isolated from bone marrow, endometrium, adipose tissues, skin, and dental pulp. MSCs played a crucial role in regenerative therapy and have been introduced as an interdisciplinary field between cell biology and material science. Recently, MSCs have been widely explored for their application in regenerative medicine and COVID-19 treatment. Different approaches to evaluate the future of biomaterials and stem cell properties have been developed. However, misconceptions and ethical issues still exist, such as MSCs being non-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, and immunoregulatory competencies. Embryonic stem cells isolation primarily requires the consent of donors and can include… More >

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805

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433

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RéMY GAUTHIER^1,*, HéLèNE FOLLET², ANA-MARIA TRUNFIO-SFARGHIU³, DELPHINE FARLAY², NINA ATTIK^4,5, SYLVAIN MEILLE¹, JéRôME CHEVALIER¹, DAVID MITTON⁶
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2209-2216, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.022290
Abstract To develop durable bone healing strategies through improved control of bone repair, it is of critical importance to understand the mechanisms of bone mechanical integrity when in contact with biomaterials and implants. Bone mechanical integrity is defined here as the adaptation of structural properties of remodeled bone in regard to an applied mechanical loading. Accordingly, the authors present why future investigations in bone repair and regeneration should emphasize on the matrix surrounding the osteocytes. Osteocytes are mechanosensitive cells considered as the orchestrators of bone remodeling, which is the biological process involved in bone homeostasis. These bone cells are trapped in… More >

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358

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ARTICLE

LUIS S. MAYORGA^*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2217-2220, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020806
Abstract Cells are open systems that exchange energy and molecules with their environment. As any material system, they perform all the complex activities required for homeostasis and reproduction, obeying the thermodynamic laws. This viewpoint will argue that the basic logic governing the energy flux required to preserve cell organization and function is simple: to decrease the activation energy (Ea) of specific processes. Almost none of the possible chemical reactions and energy transformations inside a cell occur at a measurable speed at room or body temperature. Enzymes or other macromolecular structures speed up particular transformations by decreasing the corresponding energetic barriers. However,… More >

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1145

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578

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VIEWPOINT

MARCO INVERNIZZI^1,2,*, NICOLA FUSCO^3,4,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2221-2223, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.021043
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Recent Advancement in Cancer Molecular Signaling)
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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873

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372

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FABIANO BINI^1,*, ANDRADA PICA¹, ANDREA MARINOZZI², FRANCO MARINOZZI¹
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2225-2229, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.021150
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Tissue Engineering, Cellular Therapy and Biotechnologies in Plastic Surgery)
Abstract Bone tissue is a hierarchical material characterized at nanoscale by the mineralized collagen fibril, a recurring structure mainly composed of apatite minerals, collagen and water. Bone nanostructure has a fundamental role in determining the mechanical behavior of the tissue and its mass transport properties. Diffusion phenomenon allows to maintain an adequate supply of metabolites in the mechanisms of bone remodeling, adaptation and repair. Several analytical and computational models have been developed to analyze and predict bone tissue behavior. However, the fine replication of the natural tissue still represents a challenge. Insights on the structural organization at nanoscale and on the… More >

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1011

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462

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ARTICLE

JU HYUNG LEE¹, IL-KWON KIM^2,3, SANG WOO KIM^2,3, SOYEON LIM^2,3, SEAHYOUNG LEE^2,3, KI-CHUL HWANG^2,3, BYEONG-WOOK SONG^2,3,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2231-2234, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020179
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Cell-Based Regenerative Therapies)
Abstract The complex mechanism of degenerative diseases and the non-specific modulation of regenerative targets are topics that need to be elucidated in order to advance the use of stem cells in improvement of neurodegenerative diseases. From pre-transplantation through post-transplantation, there are many changes in the conditions, both inside and outside of the stem cells that have not been carefully considered. This has hindered development in the field of cell therapy and regeneration. This viewpoint highlights the potential implications of intracellular and extracellular alterations of stem cells in transplanted areas at risk of neurodegenerative disease. More >

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1399

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559

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ARTICLE

GIUSEPPE STEFANO NETTI^1,*, FEDERICA SPADACCINO¹, VALERIA CATALANO¹, GIUSEPPE CASTELLANO², GIOVANNI STALLONE³, ELENA RANIERI¹
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2235-2239, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020209
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Tumor Microenvironment and Cytoskeletal Dynamics)
Abstract Pentraxin-3 (PTX3), the prototype of long pentraxins, seems to influence complement system (CS) modulation. PTX3 and CS sustain carcinogenesis, enriching tumor microenvironment (TME) with pro-inflammatory molecules promoting angiogenesis in prostate cancer (PC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Furthermore, cancer cells overexpress complement regulatory proteins, such as CD46, CD55 and CD59, which negatively affect complement pathways for support cancer cells survival. This viewpoint aims to elucidate the ambivalent role of PTX3 and the CS in the context of tumor microenvironment (TME). More >

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1310

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533

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ARTICLE

HUILI ZHU¹, LINA XIAO¹, XIA YIN¹, SHIBING XIANG¹, CHUNHUI WANG^2,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2241-2256, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020389
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Tumor Microenvironment and Cytoskeletal Dynamics)
Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly heterogeneous, making its prognosis prediction difficult. The arachidonic acid (AA) cascade is involved in carcinogenesis. Therefore, the metabolic enzymes of the AA cascade consist of lipoxygenases (LOXs), phospholipase A2s (PLA2s), and cyclooxygenases (COXs) along with their metabolic products, including leukotrienes. Nevertheless, the prognostic potential of AA metabolism-associated PDAC has not been explored. Herein, the mRNA expression patterns and the matching clinical information of individuals with PDAC were abstracted from online data resources. We employed the LASSO Cox regression model to develop a multigene clinical signature in the TCGA queue. The GEO queue and the… More >

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824

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408

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MENGMENG LIU^1,#, YUE PAN^1,2,#, XUFENG TAO¹, WENLI KANG¹, YINGJIE LIU¹, YONGJIE YANG^3,4,*, GARY GUISHAN XIAO^1,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2257-2265, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020325
Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is universally acknowledged as the cancer with the highest mortality rate. Berberine has high medicinal value and has been used as an anti-cancer agent. Hence the purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effect of berberine in PDAC. Berberine was shown to have a selective anti-cancer effect on PDAC by MTT assay in vitro. Pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs), regulated by epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), could promote the proliferation of PDAC cells. However, berberine suppressed the proliferation and stemness of PCSCs through immunofluorescence staining, stem cell sphere assays and so forth in vitro. In vivo,… More >

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1439

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786

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ARTICLE

HAIYANG CHEN^1,2,#, JINGYAO SU^1,#, DANYANG CHEN^1,#, YUYE DU¹, RUILIN ZHENG¹, QINGLIN DENG², QIANQIAN DU³, BING ZHU^1,*, YINGHUA LI^1,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2267-2273, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020218
Abstract At present, Hepatocarcinoma is one of the main causes of tumor related death all over the world. However, there are still many clinical restrictions on the treatment of liver cancer. Recently, L-Selenocystine has been shown to be a novel treatment for tumors, especially human glioma cells. But, the mechanism of L-Selenocystine against hepatocellular carcinoma remains unclear. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of L-Selenocystine on HepG2 cell proliferation and activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated signaling pathway. L-Selenocystine can significantly inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation by activating caspase-3 and cleaving PARP to induce apoptosis.… More >

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967

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355

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ARTICLE

DONGMEI GAO^1,#, JIAOE CHEN^2,#, HONGZHANG LI^2,*, JUN ZHAO^3,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2275-2280, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.021008
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Identification of Genetic and Epigenetic Markers for Complex Diseases via Integrating Multistage Biological Data)
Abstract Introduction: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is reported to be involved in the occurrence of many human diseases. To further investigate the biological changes of HCMV, we analyzed the relevant factors that affect the autophagy caused by HCMV infection. Methods: Firstly, we cultured human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HELF) cells with HCMV infection, and evaluated the effects of HELF cells infected with different viruses through Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), Real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), Acridine orange (AO) staining and Western blotting (WB) experiments. Results: Through the above experiments, we found that the combined treatment of HCMV infection and carbamazepine, rapamycin and si-mTOR… More >

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767

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358

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ARTICLE

MEIHUA CHEN^1,2, HUIHUI WANG³, XIAOFENG CHEN^1,2, YAN CHEN^1,2, TIANYING BIAN^1,2,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2281-2289, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020697
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Decoding Gene (including circRNA, lincRNA miRNA and mRNA) Expression)
Abstract Periodontitis is a frequent chronic inflammatory disorder destroying periodontium. Recent studies have revealed the role of bromodomain and extraterminal domain inhibitor (BETi) and microRNA (miR)-130a in regulating macrophage polarization and pro-inflammatory response. However, little is known about whether apabetalone (a novel BETi) and miR-130a are correlated with chronic inflammatory state in periodontitis by regulating macrophage polarization. Here murine RAW264.7 macrophages were applied as an in vitro inflammatory model. After treatment with Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived lipopolysaccharide (Pg LPS) and apabetalone, the expression of macrophage M1 polarization markers and inflammatory cytokines was assessed using real-time PCR, western blot, and enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay… More >

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894

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409

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ARTICLE

FEIFEI TIAN¹, HUAN HU¹, DI WANG¹, HUAN DING¹, QINGJIA CHI², HUAPING LIANG³, WENLI ZENG^4,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2291-2301, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020198
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Decoding Gene (including circRNA, lincRNA miRNA and mRNA) Expression)
Abstract This study used transcriptome and epigenetic data to predict the prognosis of immune-related genes (IRGs) Apelin (APLN) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The TCGA database has gene expression and clinical data for HCC. And DNA methylation 450 k data for HCC was download from the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) Xena browser. Performing clinical and prognostic analysis of APLN expression, results show that APLN is highly expressed in tumor samples. And it has an increasing trend with the development of clinical stage and T stage. To explore the prognostic role of APLN, the Immune-related DNA methylation (DNAm) sites… More >

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948

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403

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ARTICLE

SHUAI LIU¹, JIANZHONG XU^1,*, TINGSHAN LIU¹, ZHIMING RAO², WEIGUO ZHANG^1,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2303-2313, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020899
Abstract In this study, phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate are efficiently supplied by collaborative design of Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway and pentose phosphate (PP) pathway in Escherichia coli, thus increasing the L-tryptophan production. Firstly, the effects of disrupting EMP pathway on L-tryptophan production were studied, and the results indicated that the strain with deletion of phosphofructokinase A (i.e., E. coli JW-5 ΔpfkA) produced 23.4 ± 2.1 g/L of L-tryptophan production. However, deletion of phosphofructokinase A and glucosephosphate isomerase is not conducive to glucose consumption and cell growth, especially deletion of glucosephosphate isomerase. Next, the carbon flux in PP pathway was enhanced by introduction of… More >

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409

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BING WANG^*, KAORU TANAKA, KOUICHI MARUYAMA, YASUHARA NINOMIYA, TAKANORI KATSUBE, MITSURU NENOI^*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2315-2325, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.021161
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Reproductive Health and Embryonic Development)
Abstract Investigation on possible induction of adaptive response (AR) by high-liner energy transfer (LET) particle radiation for protection against low-LET photon radiation-induced detrimental effects has not yet been performed in utero. This study verified if an AR could be induced by high-LET particle radiation from accelerated heavy ions against low-LET X-ray radiation-induced detrimental effects on fetal mice. Total body irradiation of pregnant C57BL/6J mice were performed by delivering a priming dose ranging from 10 mGy to 320 mGy of particle radiation on gestation day 11 followed one day later by a challenge dose at 3500 mGy from X-ray radiation. The monoenergetic… More >

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1419

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662

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ARTICLE

LEI WANG^1,#, QIUXIA DU^1,#, YISU SHI^1,#, MICHAEL ACKAH¹, PENG GUO¹, DANYAN ZHENG¹, MENGMENG WU¹, XIN JIN¹, PEILAN LI³, QIAONAN ZHANG¹, RUIXUE LI⁴, ZHI YIN³, MENGDI ZHAO^2,*, WEIGUO ZHAO^1,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2327-2342, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.021542
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plant Stress Tolerance)
Abstract HMA2 (heavy metal ATPase 2) plays a crucial role in extracellular and intracellular Zn²⁺ transport across biomembranes, maintaining ion homeostasis, and playing an important role in the normal physiological metabolism, growth, and development of plants. In our study, a novel HMA2 gene, named MaHMA2, was isolated and cloned from white mulberry (Morus alba L.). The gene sequence obtained was 1,342 bp long, with an open reading frame of 1,194 bp, encoding a protein of 397 amino acids, with a predicted molecular mass of 42.852 kD and an isoelectric point of 7.53. This protein belonged to the PIB-type ATPase transport protein… More >

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518