Open Access

ARTICLE

A nanostructured look of collagen apatite porosity into human mineralized collagen fibril

FABIANO BINI^1,*, ANDRADA PICA¹, ANDREA MARINOZZI², FRANCO MARINOZZI¹

1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00184, Italy
2 Orthopedy and Traumatology Area, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, 00128, Italy

* Corresponding Author: Fabiano Bini,

(This article belongs to this Special Issue: Tissue Engineering, Cellular Therapy and Biotechnologies in Plastic Surgery)

BIOCELL 2022, 46(10), 2225-2229. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2022.021150

Received 01 January 2022; Accepted 18 March 2022; Issue published 13 June 2022

Abstract

Bone tissue is a hierarchical material characterized at nanoscale by the mineralized collagen fibril, a recurring structure mainly composed of apatite minerals, collagen and water. Bone nanostructure has a fundamental role in determining the mechanical behavior of the tissue and its mass transport properties. Diffusion phenomenon allows to maintain an adequate supply of metabolites in the mechanisms of bone remodeling, adaptation and repair. Several analytical and computational models have been developed to analyze and predict bone tissue behavior. However, the fine replication of the natural tissue still represents a challenge. Insights on the structural organization at nanoscale and on the influence of apatite mineral crystals on the diffusion coefficient lead to outline the functional conditions for the development of biomimetic strategies for bone tissue engineering. Thorough understanding of bone nanostructure is essential to improve longevity of bioscaffolds and to decrease the risk of failure by controlling their mechanical and biological performance.

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