Mast cells are well-known for their pro-inflammatory nature contributing to the development of various allergic and autoimmune diseases. One major receptor on mast cells, the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI), is activated in its IgE-bound state via crosslinking by polyvalent antigen/allergen. This triggers immunological effector functions, such as degranulation and cytokine production. In the Viewpoint of this issue we will discuss the possibilities of certain viruses (e.g. Corona viruses) or auto-antibodies to act as indirect FcεRI-crosslinking agents by interacting with FcεRI-proximal, raft-localized transmembrane proteins, and potentially contributing to the development of detrimental cytokine storms.
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VIEWPOINT
MICHAEL HUBER*, SANDRO CAPELLMANN
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1125-1129, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018513
Abstract Mast cells (MCs), hematopoietic cells of the myeloid lineage, are well-known for their pro-inflammatory nature contributing to the development of various allergic and autoimmune diseases. One of the characteristic receptors on MCs, the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI), is activated in its IgE-bound state via binding and crosslinking by polyvalent antigen. This results in its phosphorylation by the SRC family kinase LYN, initiating differential signaling pathways, eventually triggering immunological effector functions, such as degranulation and cytokine production. Few publications have reported on FcεRI-dependent but antigen-independent MC activation by antibody-mediated crosslinking of membrane molecules (e.g., transmembrane proteins and glycosphingolipids) that are… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
GIUSEPPINA AMODIO1, VALENTINA PAGLIARA1, PAOLO REMONDELLI1,*, ORNELLA MOLTEDO2
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1131-1137, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018638
Abstract The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of entry of all proteins that function in the secretory pathway including the extracellular environment. Because it controls the folding of newly synthesized secretory proteins, the ER is indispensable for the maintenance of proteostasis in the secretory pathway. Within the ER and, in part, in post-ER compartments, the quality control of protein folding is under the regulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways. The UPR strategy is to enhance protein folding, increase the ER degradation pathway of misfolded proteins, and allow the exit from the ER of only correctly folded proteins. The… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
RAFIQ AHMED BHAT1, SYED MANZOOR ALI2, YOOSUF ALI ASHRAF MUHAMMAD HUSSENBOCUS3, AKANKSHA RATHI4, JAVAID AKHTER BHAT5, ABDUL ALEEM KHAN6, SYED MAQBOOL2, RAJA SAQIB IQBAL7, MD MONOWARUL ISLAM8, YONGSHENG QU9, YOU ZHANG9, YUXIAO SUN1, WENTAO XIAO9, ABHISHEK TIBREWAL10, CHUANYU GAO1,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1139-1150, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.016833
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Cellular Biomechanics in Health and Diseases)
Abstract The adverse outcomes of a ventricular heart failure (left, right or biventricular) caused by cardiogenic shock are aggravated by lung oedema and organ mal perfusion. Despite advances in medical sciences, revascularisation and mechanical hemodynamic support have proved ineffective in reducing the mortality rate in such patients. A thorough study of the data available about cardio-vascular diseases reveals that the application of conventional methods of treatment are least helpful to practically restore normal functions of heart when it experiences end-stage systolic ventricular failure. Thus, to overcome the challenges and find alternatives to address this issue, percutaneous ventricular support devices/machines were designed… More >
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VIEWPOINT
RAFAEL SCAF DE MOLON1,2, MARTA MARIA ALVES PEREIRA2, ERICA DORIGATTI DE AVILA2
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1151-1156, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018026
Abstract It has been recognized that physical and chemical properties of biomaterial surfaces mediate the quality of extracellular matrix (ECM) that may affect cell behaviors. In nature, ECM is a heterogeneous three-dimensional superstructure formed by three major components, glycosaminoglycan, glycoconjugate, and protein, that anchors cellular compartments in tissues and regulates the function and the behavior of cells. Changes in the biointerface alter the quality of ECM and morphology through cell surface receptors, which, in turn, enable it to trigger specific cell signaling and different cellular responses. In fact, a number of strategies have been used to improve the functionality of surfaces… More >
Open Access
VIEWPOINT
YUKI MATSUSHITA, WANIDA ONO, NORIAKI ONO*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1157-1162, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018960
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Single Cell Analysis: Technology and Application)
Abstract Single-cell sequencing technologies have rapidly progressed in recent years, and been applied to characterize stem cells in a number of organs. Somatic (postnatal) stem cells are generally identified using combinations of cell surface markers and transcription factors. However, it has been challenging to define micro-heterogeneity within “stem cell” populations, each of which stands at a different level of differentiation. As stem cells become defined at a single-cell level, their differentiation path becomes clearly defined. Here, this viewpoint discusses the potential synergy of single-cell sequencing analyses with in vivo lineage-tracing approaches, with an emphasis on practical considerations in stem cell biology. More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
YUKA IKEDA, NOZOMI NAGASE, AI TSUJI, KURUMI TANIGUCHI, YASUKO KITAGISHI, SATORU MATSUDA*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1163-1167, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018177
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Secretome and Biomaterials: Regenerative Medicine Application)
Abstract Stemness of cancer cells contains limitless self-renewal proliferation. For the purpose of proliferation, secretome might exert its effects via the paracrine signaling. Specific microRNAs enclosed in the secretome of cancer stem cells could regulate the expression of anti-proliferative APRO family proteins. The biological functions of APRO family proteins seems to be quite intricate, however, which might be a key modulator of microRNAs, then could regulate the proliferation of cancer cells. In addition to affecting proliferation/differentiation during cellular development, APRO family proteins might also play an imperious role on keeping homeostasis in healthy stem cells under a physiological condition. Therefore, relationship… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
DICKSON KOFI WIREDU OCANSEY1,2,*, XINWEI XU1, LU ZHANG1, FEI MAO1,*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1169-1172, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018470
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Secretome and Biomaterials: Regenerative Medicine Application)
Abstract Stem cell research is a promising area of transplantation and regenerative medicine with tremendous potential for improving the clinical treatment and diagnostic options across a variety of conditions and enhancing understanding of human development. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) studies have exponentially increased with a promising outcome. However, regardless of the huge investment and the research attention given to stem cell research, FDA approval for clinical use is still lacking. Amid the challenges confronting stem cell research as a cell-based product, there appears to be evidence of superior effect and heightened potential success in its expressed… More >
Open Access
VIEWPOINT
AMANDA BARACHO TRINDADE HILL1,2,*, JONATHAN EDWIN BARACHO TRINDADE HILL2
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1173-1176, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018637
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Secretome and Biomaterials: Regenerative Medicine Application)
Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an important tool in veterinary regenerative medicine due to their ability to home to injury sites and secrete molecules that regulate niches into regenerative microenvironments. Successful cell therapy depends on many factors, including choice of administration route and application of understanding of cell potency and their therapeutic mechanisms. In this point of view, the authors leverage the tumultuous history of the field to demonstrate the need for clinicians to continually update themselves as new discoveries are made in order to avoid misalignments in the future, especially regarding administration routes and dose frequency, as well as… More >
Open Access
VIEWPOINT
JONG HWAN SUNG*
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1177-1180, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.019055
Abstract Organ-on-a-chip technology aims to reproduce the key physiological features of human organs and tissues, even complex actions of multi-organ interaction. While organ-on-a-chips at single-organ level has made notable achievement during the last decade, multi-organ-on-a-chips, which manifests unique advantages, has started gathering attention only recently. In this viewpoint, we discuss the current status of organ-on-a-chip technology, with a specific emphasis on multi-organ-on-a-chip. Key technological advances contributing to the maturation of the field, and challenges that need to be addressed before wider adoption in relevant fields are discussed. We will share our perspectives on how the multi-organ-on-a-chip can improve the drug development… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
YUANNA DU1,#, WENWEN GONG2,#, JING LIANG1,#, RUKUN ZANG1, JUNJUN MOU1
BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1181-1188, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.016148
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Cellular Biomechanics in Health and Diseases)
Abstract Endometrial cancer remains to be a major type of malignancy in threatening female life. Molecular insights in advancing our understanding of endometrial tumorigenesis are much needed. We here report that a less-studied protein Dihydropyrimidinase like 3 (DPYSL3) is a potent tumor suppressor. DPYSL3 is uniquely regulated by wild type p53 (wtp53), and its expression is at the highest level when cells carry wtp53 and are exposed to hypoxia. We reveal that wtp53 can bind DPYSL3 promoter to enhance DPYSL3 expression and in turn, the elevated DPYSL3 can restrain cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we… More >
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