Open Access

ARTICLE

Facile Synthesis of a Novel Bio-Based P-N Containing Flame Retardant for Effectively Reducing the Fire Hazards of Epoxy Resin

Meixian Li¹, Xin Hu¹, Jie Yang¹, Hongyu Yang^1,3,*, Yao Yuan^2,*

1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
2 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
3 State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

* Corresponding Authors: Hongyu Yang. Email: ; Yao Yuan. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Bio-based Halogen-free Flame Retardant Polymeric Materials)

Journal of Renewable Materials 2022, 10(10), 2639-2654. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.019491

Received 27 September 2021; Accepted 22 November 2021; Issue published 08 June 2022

Abstract

In this work, a bio-based flame retardant (Cy-HEDP) was synthesized from cytosine and HEDP through a facile salt-forming reaction and embedded into epoxy matrix to improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression performance. The product Cy-HEDP was well characterized by FTIR, ¹ H and ³¹P NMR and SEM tests. On the basis of the results, by adding 15 wt% Cy-HEDP, the EP₁₅ can pass UL-94 V-0 rating, and the total smoke production (TSP) as well as total heat release (THR) can be decreased by 61.05% (from 22.61 to 8.7 m² /m² ) and 39.44% (from 103.19 to 62.50 MJ/m² ) in comparison to the unfilled EP, reflecting the attenuated smoke toxicity and impeded heat generation. According to the analysis results of residual char, it can be concluded that Cy-HEDP possessed the ability to promote the formation of continuous and dense char layers, which would be a physical barrier to insulate oxygen and prevent heat feedback during the combustion of EP. This work provide inspiration towards developing bio-based flame retardant, probably extending the prospects to other polymeric material system.

---

Graphical Abstract

---

Keywords

---