Open Access
ARTICLE
PD-1 Relevant Genes Predict the Prognosis of Breast Cancer and Their Prediction Effect in Tumor Response to Immunotherapy
Yu Xiao1,2,#, Jianping Jiang3,#, Yan Chen1,4, Yi Huang1, Changyuan Wei1,*
1
Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
2
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
3
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shaoyang Center Hospital, Shaoyang, China
4
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, China
* Corresponding Author: Changyuan Wei. Email:
# Yu Xiao, Jianping Jiang contributed equally to this work
(This article belongs to this Special Issue: Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Selection: from Basic Research to Practice)
Oncologie 2022, 24(4), 729-742. https://doi.org/10.32604/oncologie.2022.026118
Received 16 August 2022; Accepted 07 September 2022; Issue published 31 December 2022
Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy is becoming a powerful approach in the treatment of breast cancer. However, high
response rates in the majority of breast cancer patients have yet to be achieved.
Materials and Methods: Based on public
data sources, we identified 22 genes that are correlated with PD-1 expression as well as differentially expressed between
tumor tissues and normal tissues, and high expression of all the key genes was correlated with a superior survival outcome.
Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model, a risk score was constructed.
Results: A
multivariate Cox analysis showed that the constructed risk score was an independent prognostic factor (AUC of risk score:
0.63, HR of risk score: 11.7, C-index: 0.69). Furthermore, an analysis of TILs in the TCGA BRCA cohort identified 28 distinct immune cell types. T lymphocytes and myeloid-derived suppressor cells were enriched in low-risk patients. The risk
score was positively correlated with immune checkpoint genes for PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and CTLA4 (
P < 0.05). In addition, two independent cohorts validated the prognostic value and the predictive value of the immunotherapy response of
the risk score.
Conclusions: The risk score demonstrated a stable predictive ability in breast cancer prognosis and a predictive value in tumor response to immunotherapy. The analysis of TILs revealed the correlation between risk score and
immune cells, which also helps elucidate the complexity of the relationship between TILs and immunotherapy response.
Keywords
Supplementary Material
Supplementary Material File
Cite This Article
Xiao, Y., Jiang, J., Chen, Y., Huang, Y., Wei, C. (2022). PD-1 Relevant Genes Predict the Prognosis of Breast Cancer and Their Prediction Effect in Tumor Response to Immunotherapy.
Oncologie, 24(4), 729–742.