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NAD+ associated genes as potential biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer
XIANGDONG SUN1,2,#, HUIJUAN WEN1,2,#, FAZHAN LI1,2, IHTISHAM BUKHARI1,2, FEIFEI REN1,2, XIA XUE1,2, PENGYUAN ZHENG1,2,*, YANG MI1,2,*
1 Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter Pylori & Microbiota and GI Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
2 Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
* Corresponding Authors: PENGYUAN ZHENG. Email: ; YANG MI. Email:
# Xiangdong Sun and Huijuan Wen contributed equally to this work
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Signaling Pathway Crosstalk in Malignant Tumors: Molecular Targets and Combinatorial Therapeutics)
Oncology Research 2024, 32(2), 283-296. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.044618
Received 04 August 2023; Accepted 25 October 2023; Issue published 28 December 2023
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays an essential role in cellular metabolism, mitochondrial homeostasis, inflammation, and senescence. However, the role of NAD+-regulated genes, including coding and long non-coding genes in cancer development is poorly understood. We constructed a prediction model based on the expression level of NAD+ metabolism-related genes (NMRGs). Furthermore, we validated the expression of NMRGs in gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cell lines; additionally, β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of NAD+, was used to treat the GC cell lines to analyze its effects on the expression level of NMRGs lncRNAs and cellular proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). A total of 13 NMRGs-related lncRNAs were selected to construct prognostic risk signatures, and patients with high-risk scores had a poor prognosis. Some immune checkpoint genes were upregulated in the high-risk group. In addition, cell cycle, epigenetics, and senescence were significantly downregulated in the high-risk group. Notably, we found that the levels of immune cell infiltration, including CD8 T cells, CD4 naïve T cells, CD4 memory-activated T cells, B memory cells, and naïve B cells, were significantly associated with risk scores. Furthermore, the treatment of NMN showed increased proliferation of AGS and MKN45 cells. In addition, the expression of SASP factors (IL6, IL8, IL10, TGF-β, and TNF-α) was significantly decreased after NMN treatment. We conclude that the lncRNAs associated with NAD+ metabolism can potentially be used as biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes of GC patients.
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APA Style
SUN, X., WEN, H., LI, F., BUKHARI, I., REN, F. et al. (2024). NAD+ associated genes as potential biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer. Oncology Research, 32(2), 283-296. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.044618
Vancouver Style
SUN X, WEN H, LI F, BUKHARI I, REN F, XUE X, et al. NAD+ associated genes as potential biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer. Oncology Res . 2024;32(2):283-296 https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.044618
IEEE Style
X. SUN et al., "NAD+ associated genes as potential biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer," Oncology Res. , vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 283-296. 2024. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.044618