Open Access

REVIEW

Decoding CD24: Roles of chemoradiotherapy resistance and potential as therapeutic targets

YU HONG^1,#, YUNXIANG TANG^1,#, WENYAN ZHOU¹, HANYUE LUO², LINLIN BU², HUI QIU^3,*, QIUJI WU^3,*

1 School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
3 Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China

* Corresponding Authors: HUI QIU. Email: ; QIUJI WU. Email:
# The authors contribute equally to the work

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Biomarkers and Treatment Strategies in Solid Tumor Diagnosis, Progression, and Prognosis)

Oncology Research 2025, 33(6), 1347-1361. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2025.059327

Received 04 October 2024; Accepted 25 December 2024; Issue published 29 May 2025

Abstract

As a rising immune checkpoint on tumor cells, CD24 is closely related to tumorigenesis and progression. CD24 can directly regulate the malignant behavior of tumor cells and indirectly inhibit the function of immune cells in the meantime, which promotes the immune escape of tumor cells, induces cancer invasion and causes poor prognosis. The basic principle of cancer treatment is to induce cell death and inhibit cell survival. Resistance to chemoradiotherapy is a critical challenge in oncology, which limits the effectiveness of anti-cancer treatments. Many studies have shown a strong association between CD24 and chemoradiotherapy resistance in tumor cells, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Understanding the mechanisms that CD24 induces chemoradiotherapy resistance may allow us to develop new promising therapeutic strategies to enhance the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy and improve clinical outcomes in the treatment of cancer patients. In this review, we summarized the basic characteristics and functions of CD24, as well as its role in the development of cancer. We focused on the resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy mediated by CD24, deciphered fundamental mechanisms and introduced existing clinical studies, with an attempt to propose potential solutions for future explorations.

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Keywords

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