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Analyzing the Cytotoxic and Genetic Impact of Datura stramonium Extract on MCF7 and HT29 Cancer Cells: A Metabolite and Gene Expression Study
1 Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
2 Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
4 Department of Biomedical Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
5 Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, Al-Baha University, Al-Mikhwah, 65731, Saudi Arebia
6 Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
7 Department of Chemistry, Collage of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
* Corresponding Author: Hadeer Darwish. Email:
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Phytochemical and Pharmacological Research in Medicinal Plants)
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025, 94(1), 181-198. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2025.059387
Received 06 October 2024; Accepted 11 December 2024; Issue published 24 January 2025
Abstract
The interest in using the Datura stramonium plant is due to its natural products, which are used in many pharmaceutical industries. The objective of the current study was to assess the therapeutic and cytotoxic effects of the D. stramonium plant on two types of human cancer cell models (MCF7 and HT29) in vitro. A soxhlet apparatus was used to obtain methanolic extract from dried plant leaves. The recovered crude, after the solvent had evaporated, was then dispersed at varied concentrations of extract 100, 50, 20, and 0.0 µg/mL and tested to see how the cells responded. Also, the cancer-testis antigen (CTA) gene transcription in the two cell types exposed to the plant extract was examined using a semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results produced the significant main metabolites Nonanoic acid, Tropine N-Oxide, 3,6-Ditigloyloxy-7-hydroxytropane, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-Pentadecanone,6,10,14-trimethyl-, Carvenone, methyl ester, Phytol, Aposcopolamine, Hyoscyamine, 4,8,12,16-Tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide, Scopolamine, Alpha.-Tocospiro A, 1,2-Cycloheptanedione, 3,3,7,7-tetramethyl-, dihydrazone, Campesterol, Stigmasterol, Gamma -Sitosterol and dl-.alpha.-Tocopherol. The results showed that the two types of cell lines impacted by D. stramonium extract, through untreated type 1 cells (MCF7) gave a highly significant transcription according to all applicable genes. All implemented analyses cleared the strong genetic impacts of Datura extract on cancer cells’ genomes. TGIF2LY and C2orf63 transcript accumulation were also significantly elevated when exposed to plant extract at a level of 50 µg/mL in cell line type 2 (HT29), but TGIF2LY and P53 had the lowest relative expression at a level of 100 µg/mL when treated the same cell line type.Keywords
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