Qinfu Sun, Junqiang Xing, Wanyu Zhang, Chen Lin^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.11, pp. 3349-3370, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.071525 - 01 December 2025

Abstract Extensive transcriptomic reprogramming is triggered by biotic and abiotic stresses in plants, with coordinated regulation mediated through multiple transcription factor families, such as WRKY, MYB, NAC, and BBX proteins. Among these, B-box (BBX) proteins represent a distinct class of zinc finger transcription factors characterized by the presence of conserved B-box domains. They serve as central regulators in plant photomorphogenesis and developmental processes. Accumulating genetic and biochemical evidence demonstrates that BBX family members orchestrate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses through multifaceted molecular mechanisms, including the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, enhancement of… More >

Abdil Hakan Eren^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.10, pp. 3085-3107, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.069506 - 29 October 2025

Abstract The FAR1-related sequence (FAR1) gene family consists of transcription factors that originated from transposases and is crucial for light signaling and stress adaptation in plants. Despite the recognized importance of FAR1 genes in model organisms, their genomic architecture, structural variability, and expression patterns in Phaseolus vulgaris have yet to be investigated. This study offers the inaugural comprehensive genome-wide identification and characterization of the FAR1 gene family in P. vulgaris. A total of 27 PvulFAR1 genes were identified, and their chromosomal distribution, gene structures, conserved domains, and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed systematically. The promoter regions of these genes were discovered… More >

Rodrigo Rafael da Silva^1,*, Gabriela Carvalho Maia de Queiroz¹, Amanda Cibele da Paz Sousa¹, Antônio Gustavo de Luna Souto¹, Francisco Hélio Alves de Andrade ², Francimar Maik da Silva Morais¹, Rita Magally Oliveira da Silva Marcelino¹, Fagner Nogueira Ferreira¹, Alex Alvares da Silva³, Maria Isabela Batista Clemente¹, Baltazar Cirino Junior¹, Wedson Aleff Oliveira da Silva¹, Mateus de Freitas Almeida dos Santos¹, José Francismar de Medeiros^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.9, pp. 2797-2814, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.068089 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Due to its tolerance to water deficit and salinity, sorghum is considered a suitable crop for cultivation in regions affected by these stress conditions, enabling the efficient use of limited water resources. This study evaluated the resilience of the sweet sorghum cultivar BRS 506 under water deficit and salinity stress, focusing on water relations and yield performance in semiarid conditions. A randomized complete block design was employed in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement with four replicates. Treatments consisted of three levels of irrigation water salinity (1.50, 3.75, and 6.00 dS m⁻¹) and three irrigation levels… More >

Malini Ray¹, Sanchari Burman², Shweta Meshram^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.8, pp. 2285-2312, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.067814 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Plants are under constant exposure to varied biotic and abiotic stresses, which significantly affect their growth, productivity, and survival. Biotic stress, caused by pathogens, and abiotic stress, including drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and heavy metals, activate overlapping yet distinct immune pathways. These are comprised of morphological barriers, hormonal signaling, and the induction of stress-responsive genes through complex pathways mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), phytohormones, and secondary metabolites. Abiotic stress triggers organelle-mediated retrograde signaling from organelles like chloroplasts and mitochondria, which causes unfolded protein responses and the regulation of cellular homeostasis. Simultaneously, biotic stress activates… More > Graphic Abstract

Imene Tatar Caliskan^1,2, George Dzorgbenya Ametefe³, Aziz Caliskan⁴, Su-Ee Lau^1,5, Yvonne Jing Mei Liew⁶, Nur Kusaira Khairul Ikram⁵, Boon Chin Tan^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.8, pp. 2229-2254, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.067225 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factors (TFs) are evolutionarily conserved regulatory proteins that are crucial for plant growth, development, secondary metabolism, and stress adaptation. Recent studies have highlighted their crucial role in coordinating growth–defense trade-offs through transcriptional regulation of key biosynthetic and stress-response genes. Despite extensive functional characterization in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, systematically evaluating the broader functional landscape of MYB TFs across diverse species and contexts remains necessary. This systematic review integrates results from 24 peer-reviewed studies sourced from Scopus and Web of Science, focusing on the functional diversity of MYB TFs, particularly in relation… More >

Oumaima Benaissa^1,2,3, Mohammed Taoussi^1,4, Ikram Legrifi^1,2, Zineb Belabess³, Abderrahim Lazraq², Rachid Lahlali^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.5, pp. 1453-1495, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.064598 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Tomato cultivation faces formidable challenges from both biotic and abiotic stressors, necessitating innovative and sustainable strategies to ensure crop resilience and yield stability. This comprehensive review delves into the evolving landscape of employing microbial consortia as a dynamic tool for the integrated management of biotic and abiotic stresses in tomato plants. The microbial consortium, comprising an intricate network of bacteria, fungi, and other beneficial microorganisms, plays a pivotal role in promoting plant health and bolstering defense mechanisms. Against biotic stressors, the consortium exhibits multifaceted actions, including the suppression of pathogenic organisms through antagonistic interactions and… More >

Meryam Manzoor¹, Konstantin Korolev², Maryam³, Riaz Ahmad^4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.5, pp. 1401-1418, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063930 - 29 May 2025

Abstract The productivity of fruit crops is badly affected by abrupt changes in climatic conditions. It is a matter of concern for fruit tree researchers to feed the huge population within the available resources. The adverse effects of abiotic stresses are increasing due to fluctuations in climate change. Several abiotic stresses (salinity, drought, water logging, minerals deficiency, temperature extremities and heavy metals) are reducing the overall productivity of crops. Therefore, the application of different management approaches, i.e., phytohormones, nanoparticles, organic amendments, microbes and molecular aspects are effective for the mitigation of abiotic stresses in fruit crops.… More >

Saif Ullah^1,2, Izhar Ali^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1029-1045, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.064608 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Nitrogen (N) assimilation is crucial for the growth and development of C₃ plants, as it converts inorganic N into organic forms, important for protein synthesis, nucleic acids and other vital biomolecules. However, abiotic stressors such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures and others significantly impact N uptake and utilization, thereby hindering plant growth and development. Recent advances in molecular biology have illuminated the complex networks that govern N assimilation under these stressful conditions, emphasizing the role of transcription factors, regulatory genes, and stress-responsive pathways. This review provides an integrated perspective on the latest research in nitrogen metabolism… More >

Arpita Rani Roy¹, Israt Jahan², Sharah Jabeen Mou², Md. Farhan Hasin³, Prodipto Bishnu Angon^1,*, Rebeka Sultana², Badhon Mazumder⁴, Md. Arif Sakil^5,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1177-1210, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063675 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Global warming is making plants more susceptible to heat stress. Hence, adjustments to crop production systems are required for global food security. Heat stress (HS) poses a threat to the quality of ecosystems and global food security due to its adverse effects on plant development. The degree to which HS affects physiological disruptions, physical harm, and biochemical changes at various growth stages directly correlates with its effects on physiological functions, plant growth, and crop production. One promising approach is soil modification using biochar, which enhances soil health and promotes the development of microbial communities, ultimately… More >

Mudasser Mehmood^1,*, Zoahaib Aslam Khan¹, Adil Mehmood², Madiha Zaynab³, Muhammad Atiq ur Rahman⁴, Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon⁵, M. Harshini⁶, Ling Shing Wong⁷

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1111-1135, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.059812 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple crop critical for global food security, yet its productivity is significantly affected by abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and waterlogging, which are exacerbated by climate change. This study evaluated the effects of these stresses on vegetative growth, physiological responses, and yield. Field experiments were conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) at the Mona Reclamation Experimental Project (MREP), WAPDA, Bhalwal, Sargodha, Punjab Pakistan. Stress treatments included three levels of drought (25%, 50%, and 75% field capacity), salinity (4, 8, and 12 dS/m), and waterlogging (24, 48, and… More >