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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Mycorrhizal Synthesis and Physiological Responses of Entoloma clypeatum and Three Rosaceae Fruit Trees

    Chen Hao, Chunfeng Mu, Xinyan Yu, Xiaoran Chen, Mengmeng Zhu, Jianrui Wang*, Yu Liu*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.12, pp. 3549-3572, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056114 - 31 December 2024

    Abstract Entoloma clypeatum, a kind of edible ectomycorrhizal fungus, can be usually symbiotic with Rosaceae fruit trees. Fruit trees have become an important part of China’s agriculture. The present work focused on exploring how E. clypeatum affected symbiotic Rosaceae plants and establishing a symbiotic culture with Malus robusta, Pyrus betulifolia and Prunus armeniaca rootstocks. The results showed that E. clypeatum and three Rosaceae plants can generate cylindrical or clavate mycorrhizae. The inoculation treatment had different degrees of positive effects on the three plants. Relative to the non-inoculated group, biomass in symbiotic plants increased (32.8%–191.1%), and photosynthesis enhanced. In the level of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Seed Priming Improves Chilling Stress Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seedlings

    Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif1,2,*, Md Asaduzzaman3, Bir Jahangir Shirazy2,4, Md. Shihab Uddine Khan5, A. M. Sajedur Rahman2,6, Yoshiyuki Murata2, Sozan Abdel Hamed7, Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef8,9,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.11, pp. 3013-3027, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.058710 - 30 November 2024

    Abstract Chilling is one of the major abiotic stresses for plants, especially for rice cultivation. Many essential metabolic processes for growth and development are temperature-dependent. In that case, reducing the negative effects of cold stress using exogenous chemicals is a possible option. Therefore, the current study examined the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment with different chemicals, viz. hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), salicylic acid (SA), calcium chloride (CaCl2), thiourea (TU), and citric acid (CA) on the germination of rice seeds (cv. BRRI dhan28) under chilling environments. Rice seeds were soaked in distilled water (control), 10 mM CA, 2 mM SA,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate Can Enhance Salt Stress Tolerance in Maize

    Bushra Rehman1, Asma Zulfiqar1, Houneida Attia2, Rehana Sardar3, Muneera A. Saleh2, Khalid H. Alamer4, Ibtisam M. Alsudays5, Faisal Mehmood6, Qamar uz Zaman7,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.8, pp. 1819-1838, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.048780 - 30 August 2024

    Abstract Salinity is a major abiotic stress that hinders plant development and productivity and influences agricultural yield. Seed priming is a technique used to boost germination and seedling growth under abiotic stress. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of seed priming with potassium nitrate (KNO3) at various levels (0%, 0.50%, 1.00% and 1.50%) under salt stress (0, 75, 100 mM NaCl) on two maize verities (MNH360 and 30T60) for the growth, development and metabolic attributes results revealed that in maize variety MNH360, KNO3 priming’s significantly enhanced growth parameters than in maize variety 30T60 under… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Physiological Mechanism of Exogenous Selenium in Alleviating Mercury Stress on Pakchoi (Brassica campestris L.)

    Chengxu Qian1, Qiangwen Chen1,2, Leiyu Jiang1, Xiaoyan Yang3, Shen Rao4, Weiwei Zhang1, Feng Xu1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.5, pp. 951-962, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.050893 - 28 May 2024

    Abstract The objective of this study was to explain the physiological mechanisms through which NaSeO mitigates the growth and developmental inhibition of pakchoi under HgCl stress. The results showed that treatment with HgCl (40 mg L) led to reduced biomass, dwarfing, root shortening, and root tip necrosis in pakchoi. Compared to control (CK), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in Hg treatment increased, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) also dramatically increased, which negatively impacted the growth of pakchoi. Low concentrations of NaSeO (0.2 mg L) significantly increased the content of soluble sugars… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Lipid Production, Oxidative Status, Antioxidant Enzymes and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216-2 in Response to Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles

    Huwida A. A. Abdel-Kader1, Naeima Yousef1, Mohammad Anwar Hossain2,*, Mona F. A. Dawood1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.7, pp. 1955-1974, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.028583 - 29 May 2023

    Abstract The extensive use of nanoparticles (NPs) in diverse applications causes their localization to aquatic habitats, affecting the metabolic products of primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, such as algae. Synthesized calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs) are of the scarcely studied NPs. Thus, the current work proposed that the exposure to CaO NPs may instigate metabolic pathway to be higher than that of normally growing algae, and positively stimulate algal biomass. In this respect, this research was undertaken to study the exposure effect of CaO NPs (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µg mL−1 ) on the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Response of Contrasting Rice Genotypes to Zinc Sources under Saline Conditions

    Muhammad Jan1,*, Muhammad Anwar-Ul-Haq2, Talha Javed3, Sadam Hussain4,*, Ilyas Ahmad5, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah6, Javed Iqbal7, Babar Hussain Babar8, Aqsa Hafeez9, Muhammad Aslam5, Muhammad Tahir Akbar10, Marjan Aziz6, Khadiga Alharbi11, Izhar Ullah12

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1361-1375, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026620 - 09 March 2023

    Abstract Abiotic stresses are among the major limiting factors for plant growth and crop productivity. Among these, salinity is one of the major risk factors for plant growth and development in arid to semi-arid regions. Cultivation of salt tolerant crop genotypes is one of the imperative approaches to meet the food demand for increasing population. The current experiment was carried out to access the performance of different rice genotypes under salinity stress and Zinc (Zn) sources. Four rice genotypes were grown in a pot experiment and were exposed to salinity stress (7 dS m−1), and Zn (15… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Biochemical and Physiological Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves to Moderate Mechanical Stimulation

    Iva Šutevski1,#, Klara Krmpotić1,#, Sandra Vitko1, Nataša Bauer1, Eva Fancev2, Mario Cifrek2, Željka Vidaković-Cifrek1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.3, pp. 901-920, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.025165 - 29 November 2022

    Abstract Mechanical stimulation of plants can be caused by various abiotic and biotic environmental factors. Apart from the negative consequences, it can also cause positive changes, such as acclimatization of plants to stress conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to study the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying the response of plants to mechanical stimulation. Our aim was to evaluate the response of model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to a moderate force of 5 N (newton) for 20 s, which could be compared with the pressure caused by animal movement and weather conditions such as heavy rain. Mechanically stimulated leaves… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Growth, ROS Markers, Antioxidant Enzymes, Osmotic Regulators and Metabolic Changes in Tartary Buckwheat Subjected to Short Drought

    Yan Wan1,#, Yuan Liang1,#, Xuxiao Gong1,#, Jianyong Ouyang1, Jingwei Huang2, Xiaoyong Wu1, Qi Wu1, Changying Liu1, Xueling Ye1, Xiaoning Cao3, Gang Zhao1, Liang Zou1,*, Dabing Xiang1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 35-54, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021698 - 06 September 2022

    Abstract Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is an important pseudocereal feed crop with medicinal and nutritional value. Drought is one of the main causes of reduced growth and yield in these plants. We investigated the growth, physiological, and metabolic responses of the widely promoted Tartary buckwheat variety Chuan Qiao No. 1 to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated drought stress. Drought significantly decreased shoot length, shoot biomass and relative water content. Root length, malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage, activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and amylase, and contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline were increased by PEG-mediated drought. Untargeted metabolomics… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Psoralea corylifolia Plant by Enhancing the Biocontrol Efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum Using Press Mud

    Yasar Nishat1, Mohammad Danish1,*, Heba I. Mohamed2,*, Hisamuddin Shaikh1, Abeer Elhakem3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1757-1777, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021267 - 14 April 2022

    Abstract Meloidogyne incognita is a plant pathogen causing root-knot disease and loss of crop yield. The present study aimed to use Trichoderma harzianum as a biocontrol agent against plant-parasitic nematodes and used press mud, which is a solid waste by-product of sugarcane, as a biocontrol agent and biofertilizer. Therefore, the combined application of T. harzianum and press mud may enhance nematode control and plant growth. Elemental analysis of press mud using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) integrated with an Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyzer revealed the presence of different elements such as C, O, Mg, Si, P, K, Ca, Cu… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Exogenous Calcium Chloride on Alleviating Salt Stress in Two Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) Varieties Differing in Salinity Tolerance

    Tao Zhang*, Hongbing Yang

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1643-1658, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.019572 - 14 April 2022

    Abstract Salt stress is one of the most serious abiotic stresses limiting plant growth and development. Calcium as an essential nutrient element and important signaling molecule plays an important role in ameliorating the adverse effect of salinity on plants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of exogenous calcium on improving salt tolerance in Tartary buckwheat cultivars, cv. Xinong9920 (salt-tolerant) and cv. Xinong9909 (salt-sensitive). Four-week-old Tartary buckwheat seedlings under 100 mM NaCl stress were treated with and without exogenous calcium chloride (CaCl2), Ca2+ chelator ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and Ca2+-channel blocker lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) for 10 days.… More >

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