Yuyao Li¹, Mingmin He¹, Mingjie Cai¹, Shiqian Xu^2,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.4, pp. 799-817, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.062862 - 06 May 2025

Abstract In ultra-deep and large well sections, high collapse stresses and diminished annular return velocity present significant challenges to wellbore cleaning. With increasing depth, rising temperature and pressure constrain the regulation of displacement and drilling fluid rheology, impairing the fluid’s capacity to transport cuttings effectively. A precise understanding of cuttings settlement behavior and terminal velocity is therefore essential for optimizing their removal. This study accounts for variations in wellbore temperature and pressure, incorporates non-spherical cuttings and wellbore diameter parameters, and develops accordingly a simplified model to predict terminal settlement velocity. The cuttings carrying ratio is introduced… More > Graphic Abstract

Shuxun Li^1,2, Jianwei Wang^1,2,*, Tingjin Ma¹, Guolong Deng^1,2, Wei Li^1,2

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.4, pp. 959-988, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.059570 - 06 May 2025

Abstract In photothermal power (solar energy) generation systems, purging residual molten salt from pipelines using high-pressure gas poses a significant challenge, particularly in clearing the bottom of regulating valves. Ineffective purging can lead to crystallization of the molten salt, resulting in blockages. To address this issue, understanding the gas-liquid two-phase flow dynamics during high-pressure gas purging is crucial. This study utilizes the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model and adaptive dynamic grids to simulate the gas-liquid two-phase flow during the purging process in a DN50 PN50 conventional molten salt regulating valve. Initially, the reliability of the… More >

Saif Ullah^1,2, Izhar Ali^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1029-1045, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.064608 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Nitrogen (N) assimilation is crucial for the growth and development of C₃ plants, as it converts inorganic N into organic forms, important for protein synthesis, nucleic acids and other vital biomolecules. However, abiotic stressors such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures and others significantly impact N uptake and utilization, thereby hindering plant growth and development. Recent advances in molecular biology have illuminated the complex networks that govern N assimilation under these stressful conditions, emphasizing the role of transcription factors, regulatory genes, and stress-responsive pathways. This review provides an integrated perspective on the latest research in nitrogen metabolism… More >

Shahin Imran^1,2,#,*, Mousumi Jahan Sumi^3,#, Israt Jahan Harine⁴, Newton Chandra Paul¹, Md. Asif Mahamud⁵, Rakibul Hasan Md. Rabbi⁵, Marian Brestic⁶, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman^7,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1073-1109, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.064046 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Heavy metal (HM) accumulation in soil poses a major hazard to both ecological health and plant growth progressions. Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) are examples of HMs that negatively impact the growth and development of plants, resulting in lower agricultural output and food safety concerns. Biochar (BC), a substance rich in carbon that is formed by pyrolyzing natural biomass, has demonstrated remarkable promise in reducing HM stress in polluted soils. Research has shown that BC effectively lowers plant uptake of metals, and enhances soil qualities,… More >

Dandan Wang^*, Jiaxin Chen, Yanwen Zhang

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1137-1158, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063894 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Taxus cuspidata, a rare species of the Taxus genus, and its wild resources are under severe threat. The development of cultivated species has become an important strategy to replace wild species. The objective of this work was to elucidate the differences in secondary metabolite accumulation, particularly in the paclitaxel biosynthesis pathway, between wild and cultivated species. This study employed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technologies to conduct integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of wild and cultivated species of T. cuspidata. The results showed that the content of paclitaxel in cultivated species was significantly higher… More >

Arpita Rani Roy¹, Israt Jahan², Sharah Jabeen Mou², Md. Farhan Hasin³, Prodipto Bishnu Angon^1,*, Rebeka Sultana², Badhon Mazumder⁴, Md. Arif Sakil^5,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1177-1210, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063675 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Global warming is making plants more susceptible to heat stress. Hence, adjustments to crop production systems are required for global food security. Heat stress (HS) poses a threat to the quality of ecosystems and global food security due to its adverse effects on plant development. The degree to which HS affects physiological disruptions, physical harm, and biochemical changes at various growth stages directly correlates with its effects on physiological functions, plant growth, and crop production. One promising approach is soil modification using biochar, which enhances soil health and promotes the development of microbial communities, ultimately… More >

Yuhang Li¹, Li Sun¹, Tao Wang¹, Bingjun Yu², Zhihong Gao³, Xiaochun Shu¹, Tengyue Yan¹, Weibing Zhuang^1,2,*, Zhong Wang^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1211-1223, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063647 - 30 April 2025

Abstract bHLH transcription factors, widely exist in various plants, and are vital for the growth and development of these plants. Among them, many have been implicated in anthocyanin biosynthesis across various plants. In the present study, a PdbHLH57 gene, belonging to the bHLH IIIf group, was characterized, which was isolated and cloned from the colored-leaf poplar ‘Zhongshancaiyun’ (ZSCY). The cDNA sequence of PdbHLH57 was 1887 base pairs, and the protein encoded by PdbHLH57 had 628 amino acids, the isoelectric point and molecular weight of which were 6.26 and 69.75 kDa, respectively. Through bioinformatics analysis, PdbHLH57 has been classified… More >

Ghizlane Houzi¹, Aimad Allali^2,3,*, Amine Elbouzidi^4,*, Mohamed Taibi⁴, Mohamed Chebaibi^3,5, Ben Khada Zineb⁶, Ramzi A. Mothana⁷, Mohammed F. Hawwal⁷, Rachid Flouchi^3,8, Abdeslam Asehraou⁹, Amal Lahkimi², Soad Khal-Layoun¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1239-1251, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063021 - 30 April 2025

Abstract This work uses GC-MS to analyze the bioactive compounds of Salvia rosmarinus essential oils (SREO) and evaluates their antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal effects, as well as the major component, 1,8-cineole. Chemical analysis identified 16 compounds accounting for 99.19% of the oil’s total content, with 1,8-cineole (33.17%), camphor (16.53%), α-pinene (14.46%), and camphene (8.14%) as the major constituents. Antimicrobial activities were assessed against pathogenic strains using minimal inhibit concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. SREO exhibited a minimum MIC of 0.128% against P. aeruginosa, while 1,8-cineole showed a minimum MIC of 2.06% against the same strain,… More >

Claude Y. Hamany Djande, Paul A. Steenkamp, Ian A. Dubery^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1269-1286, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.062392 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Centella asiatica L., a medicinal herb, has attracted substantial interest in research as well as commercial domains due to its bioactive compounds which include the pentacyclic triterpenoid centellosides, and in addition, hydroxy. In addition, hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates as well as flavonoids. The latter is the major class of secondary plant metabolites and comprises various subclasses, including anthocyanidins. Anthocyanins are rarely reported in extracts from C. asiatica and differ structurally due to a flavylium (2-phenylchromenylium) ion that carries a positive charge at the oxygen atom of the C-ring of the basic flavonoid structure. Callus of C. asiatica was initiated… More >

Muhammad Imran Khan¹, Fahad Masoud Wattoo¹, Kamran Shehzad Bajwa^2,*, Zahid Akram¹, Sabahat Noor², Zaheer Abbas², Rashid Mehmood Rana¹, Muhammad Tahir Akram³, Shaukat Ali², Rai Muhammad Amir⁴, Ghulam Muhammad Ali⁵

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1299-1318, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.062323 - 30 April 2025

Abstract The agricultural sector is notably affected by climate change, especially soybeans, which may face diminished yields because of severe water shortages. The evaluation of germplasm at morphological and molecular levels is an important pre-breeding step for crop improvement. This study employed 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to examine 60 soybean genotypes in the quest for drought-resistant lines during 2022–23. The results of the screening experiment (PEG-6000) revealed that the soybean genotypes SPS13, SPS195, PGRB83, and 39982 exhibited significant correlations in growth parameters. The results of molecular characterization indicated that five out of ten molecular… More >