Hasanain A. Abdul Wahhab^1,*, Hamid Abdallah Dhaher², Miqdam T. Chaichan^3,4, Saif Ali Kadhim⁵, Hayder Mohsin Ali⁵, Muataz S. Alhassan⁶, Mohammed Fathi Muzahem³

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.9, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.083821 - 06 August 2026

Abstract The magnetohydrodynamics of bubbly nanofluid flow in a horizontal pipe was studied. The drag-reduction effect of the behavior of a magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid in bubbly flow was experimentally verified by generating bubbles in the flow. The study examined the effects of the magnetic field on bubble formation by observing bubble characteristics, including shape, size, and trajectory. The experimental analysis adopted an optical system using a high-speed video camera. A MATLAB code was developed to track bubble formation in bubbly flow. The magnetic field affects the continuous nanofluid phase and, in turn, influences the gas phase and… More >

Chayanee Chairattanawat¹, Junghwa Kang², Jaewook Kim^1,*, Bae Young Choi^3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.084482 - 30 July 2026

Abstract Pyrola japonica, a member of the Ericaceae family, is a significant medicinal herb and a key model organism in mycorrhizal research, yet its chloroplast (cp) genome has not been fully characterized. Therefore, this study aims to sequence and analyze the complete plastid genome of P. japonica. The complete cp genome of P. japonica was determined to be 168,146 bp in length, exhibiting a characteristic quadripartite structure with a total GC content of 35.1%. A total of 136 genes were annotated, comprising 65 protein-coding genes, 45 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 18 pseudogenes. Amino… More >

Xuebing Zhu^1,2, Yongqiang Jiang^1,2, Wei Li^1,2, Lihui Wang^1,2, Xuemei Sun^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.083772 - 30 July 2026

Abstract Although transcriptional regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been studied in many crops, the regulatory network controlling the purple leaf trait in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) remains incompletely understood. Our previous transcriptome analysis identified LsMYB1. This study further carried out the cloning and structural feature analysis of the LsMYB1 gene, and systematically verified its function using the tobacco heterologous overexpression system and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Sequence analysis revealed a structural difference between the two alleles: the LsMYB1 allele in the purplecultivar contains two introns and three exons, whereas the allele in the greencultivar comprises only a single exon. More >

Teng Long¹, Leyu Wang^2,*, James D. Lee³, Cing-Dao Kan²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.148, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.080866 - 27 July 2026

Abstract Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V has been widely applied in many industries, for example, aerospace, marine, automotive, and biomedical engineering systems, where accurate characterization of plastic deformation is important for evaluating material performance and potential failure under severe loading conditions. This material shows nonlinear plasticity and tension–compression asymmetry, which makes the strain hardening characterization important for computational failure analysis and crashworthiness-related simulations. However, conventional strain hardening models and parameter identification methods often rely on linear or extrapolation-based assumptions and are sensitive to initial guesses due to the non-convex nature of the optimization problem. In this study, a More >

Laura Schaltz^1,2, Simon Lassnig^1,2, Karola Schlote^1,2, Christian Schwerk³, Horst Schroten³, Nicole de Buhr^1,2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.079046 - 27 July 2026

Abstract Objectives: Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a worldwide occurring pathogen in pigs and humans that can cross the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) to cause meningitis, while host neutrophils counter infection through mechanisms including the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NET-formation involves the release of nuclear DNA with antimicrobial components, which can bind and kill bacteria. We aimed to characterize the host-pathogen interaction between S. suis and neutrophils within the CSF compartment, focusing on NET-formation. Methods: A 3D cell culture model of the porcine BCSFB was used by cultivating a porcine choroid plexus epithelial cell line (PCP-R) on filter… More >

Hanaa I. Mohammed¹, Eman M. Nasir^2,*, Iqbal S. Naji²

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.23, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cl.2026.079657 - 02 July 2026

Abstract Thin films of Cu_xZn_1−xS nanocomposite with varying copper content (x = 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7) were successfully synthesized by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique from their fabricated powders by the precipitation method for optoelectronic applications. The impact of Cu content on the film’s structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics was investigated. Elemental composition analyses indicated that thin CZS films consisted only of their constituent elements and were free of any noted impurities. XRD patterns demonstrated that all as-grown thin films were polycrystalline in nature and adopted various planes and phases of CuS and ZnS binary… More >

Miguel A. Millán^1,*, Rubén Galindo², Fausto Molina-Gómez¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.147, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.080219 - 30 June 2026

Abstract Low-density volcanic rocks have specific geomechanical properties that require complex laboratory tests and characterization that are not usually available in common geotechnical studies. A pyroclastic rock behaves at sufficiently “low” stress levels as if it were a conventional rock under the action of an external load, but when subjected to higher stresses, the bonds between its particles can break, leading to a sudden decrease in its volume and the reorganization of its particles, thus forming a more compact structure than the initial one. This process is known as “mechanical collapse” and involves a drastic change… More >

Dejun Wu^1,2,*, Chunlei Yu¹, Xuan Lu¹, Deshuo Tao¹, Xiaoning Li¹, Hao Song³

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.084484 - 30 June 2026

Abstract To address the short peak-production period and limited incremental recovery commonly encountered during chemical flooding of high water-cut reservoirs, this study investigates the dynamic evolution of displacement fronts and their controlling factors through laboratory experiments and numerical simulation. Two-dimensional plate flooding experiments were first conducted to characterize the evolution of the oil bank in homogeneous and heterogeneous reservoirs, revealing a four-stage process of formation, enrichment, mobilization, and residual depletion. Based on water-cut behavior, the flooding process was further classified into early-response, peak-response, and late-response stages. A three-dimensional heterogeneous reservoir model was subsequently developed to quantify… More >

Yuan Chen^#, Sumeera Asghar^#, Hanfei Li, Ju Cai, Yin You, Yan Li^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.080045 - 29 June 2026

Abstract The TIFY transcription factor family plays a major role in plant growth and development. Petal size is a very important agronomic characteristic in the ornamental species of Verbena bonariensis. This study identifies 16 TIFY genes (VbTIFYs) in the V. bonariensis genome. Phylogenetic reconstruction divided these genes into six distinct subclades, indicating a high degree of homology between Verbena bonariensis and Arabidopsis thaliana. Promoter sequence analysis illustrated that the promoters of TIFY genes harbor not only cis-acting elements related to hormone regulation, but also functional motifs involved in light responses and low-temperature adaptation. Chromosomal localization results shows that VbTIFY genes… More >

Elina Hishamuddin^*, Fatiha Ismail, Stasha Eleanor Rosland Abel, Humaira Alias Aisyah, Abdul Wahab Noorshamsiana

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02025-0187 - 29 June 2026

Abstract Oil palm trunks (OPT), abundantly available during plantation replanting, represent a renewable lignocellulosic resource for sustainable material applications. Although OPT-derived cellulose has been extensively explored, the influence of oil palm age on cellulose properties remains insufficiently understood. In this study, cellulose was isolated from OPT aged 21, 25, and 32 years and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). SEM observations indicated more uniform and better-separated fibril structures in cellulose from older OPT, suggesting more effective removal of non-cellulosic components. FTIR confirmed successful cellulose isolation More > Graphic Abstract