Chung-Pao Lin¹, Yi-You Hou^2,*, Teh-Lu Liao¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.89, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.085788 - 15 September 2026

Abstract Smart grids (SG) integrate multiple network entities to achieve automation, but their interconnected nature also exposes communication networks to various security threats, such as replay, tampering, and man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. Existing encryption frameworks for smart grid edge devices often suffer from high computational complexity or lack of dynamic key management, leading to key leakage risks and communication bottlenecks. To address these challenges, this research proposes a lightweight end-to-end secure communication architecture specifically designed for smart grid power monitoring. This framework employs the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol as the asynchronous communication backbone, effectively alleviating… More >

Iseult M. Browne^1,2, Monica Esteban Garcia^1,2, Alicia F. C. Okines^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.10, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.082829 - 14 September 2026

Abstract Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the absence of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 expression, and carries a disproportionate burden of breast cancer-related mortality due to its aggressive biology and historically limited therapeutic options. The treatment landscape of metastatic TNBC has undergone a fundamental transformation over the past decade, driven by immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and the identification of actionable genomic alterations. This review provides a comprehensive, clinically oriented appraisal of the current and emerging therapeutic landscape of metastatic TNBC, encompassing its molecular underpinnings and tumour microenvironment biology. We critically More >

Shuting Zhao, Yuzhuo Yan, Feisal Mohamed Osman, Qiang Zhang, Zexin Qi, Zhian Zhang, Fenglou Ling^*, Xiao Han^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.087517 - 28 August 2026

Abstract Excessive nitrogen fertilizer application increases production costs and environmental burdens in rice cultivation, highlighting the need to identify low-nitrogen-tolerant germplasm. In this study, 266 rice accessions were evaluated in hydroponic culture for 35 d under normal-nitrogen conditions (NN: 1.6 mM NO₃⁻ and 1.6 mM NH₄⁺) and low-nitrogen conditions (LN: 0.4 mM NO₃⁻ and 0.4 mM NH₄⁺). Fifteen seedling traits related to growth, chlorophyll status, nitrogen accumulation, and nitrogen utilization were measured, and the corresponding low-nitrogen tolerance indices were evaluated using correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), membership-function analysis, and cluster analysis. All measured traits had coefficients of… More >

José G. Joya Dávila^1,*, Federico A. Gutiérrez Miceli², Leslie A. Serrano Gómez¹, Olivia Tzintzun Camacho¹, Dagoberto Durán Hernández¹, Alexis Salazar Navarro¹, David Cervantes-García¹, Ulin Antobelli Basilio Cortes¹, Anayancy Lam Gutiérrez³, Daniel González Mendoza¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.087160 - 28 August 2026

Abstract Water deficit is one of the major constraints to the establishment and early growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), particularly under increasingly frequent and intense drought conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and physiological responses of cacao seedlings subjected to progressive water deficit under nursery conditions. Plants were evaluated over a 45-day period without irrigation and compared with well-watered plants maintained at 60% of substrate field capacity. Growth variables, photosynthetic pigment concentrations, and proline accumulation in leaves, stems, and roots were evaluated. Stem length showed no significant differences between treatments, whereas… More >

Yichen Lu, Dong Cao, Ying Chen^*, Yifan Wang, Jingjing Di, Na An

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.085745 - 28 August 2026

Abstract The proportion of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in the soil could regulate plant yield and secondary metabolism. However, extensive chemical fertilizer utilization has reduced soil fertility and increased soil compaction, and even caused environmental pollution. Applying microbial fertilizers (MF) could improve soil structure and the environment. This work aimed to reveal the effects of N reduction and combined MF on Ginkgo biloba growth, soil properties, and microbial communities, and illustrate their interaction roles in improving Ginkgo leaf yield and flavonoid content. A field experiment with different fertilizer treatments, including low N, normal P-K… More >

Mengyao Wang¹, Ailian Zhu², Longji Zhu^3,*, Chen Lan^4,*, Yang Li⁵

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.148, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.085279 - 28 August 2026

Abstract Accurate prediction of asphalt pavement distress is essential for proactive maintenance and life-cycle infrastructure management. However, existing data-driven methods often struggle to jointly represent multi-source inspection data, distress evolution mechanisms, and spatial propagation relationships among pavement sections. To address these limitations, this study proposes a Dual-Layer Progressive Physics-Constrained Graph Neural Network (DLPC-GNN) for asphalt pavement distress prediction and maintenance strategy classification. The proposed model represents pavement deterioration using a dual-layer graph structure. At the microscopic level, cracks, surface deterioration, and structural moisture-induced damage are modeled as physically associated distress nodes. At the macroscopic level, pavement-section… More >

Attilio Barretta^1,2,*, Angelo Mottaran¹, Nicolas Carl², Francesco Prata^2,3, Sara Tamburini^1,2, Edoardo Beatrici², Mario De Angelis^2,4, Francesco Cei^2,4, Natali Rodriguez Peñaranda², Francesco Pepillo², Alessio Guidotti², Vincenzo Cavarra², Claudio Brancelli², Pietro Pasquini², Pietro Piazza¹, Cristian Vincenzo Pultrone¹, Hussam Dababneh¹, Lorenzo Bianchi¹, Alessandro Larcher⁴, Alexandre Mottrie², Rocco Papalia³, Riccardo Schiavina¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 783-793, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.078354 - 21 August 2026

Abstract Objectives: Complex cystic renal lesions pose a significant diagnostic challenge in the preoperative assessment of malignancy. Although percutaneous renal mass biopsy is well established for solid tumours diagnosis, its role in cystic lesions remains controversial. This systematic review aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance, safety, and clinical impact of percutaneous sampling—fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB)—in Bosniak III–IV renal cysts. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines [International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) ID CRD420251124563]. PubMed/MEDLINE (Medical Literature… More >

Long Ma¹, Tao Li¹, Ruohao Sun², Quan Du², Dali Jiang³, Dalin He³, Xiaoliang Fu², Nan Li^2,*, Xiaofeng Xu^2,*, Guoxiong Liu^2,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 943-950, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cju.2026.070096 - 21 August 2026

Abstract Objectives: Lasers show promising application in partial nephrectomy due to their excellent hemostatic effect. This study aimed to evaluate the suction effect of the novel laser operating handle on the smoke generated by a 980-nm diode laser (DL) and a 532-nm potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) green laser (GL) in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and to analyse the surgical smoke generated by the laser treatment. Methods: Fresh porcine kidneys were purchased from a slaughterhouse. Electrocoagulation knife (EK), ultrasonic knife (UK), DL, and GL were utilised in LPN. The operation time and the composition and concentration of the surgical… More >

Zulfiqar Ali, Azhar Mahmood^*, Shaheen Khatoon, Seyed Ali Ghorashi

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.89, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.084386 - 13 August 2026

Abstract Smart city systems increasingly depend on data analytics and visualization to support informed and timely decision making in complex urban environments. However, existing middleware solutions predominantly focus on data acquisition and communication, while analytical processing and visualization are typically delegated to external applications, resulting in increased development complexity, reduced reusability, and fragmented system architectures. This study presents analytics and visualization-centric middleware named “Service-Oriented Middleware for Smart City Applications” (SOMSCA), in which these capabilities are embedded directly within the middleware layer. SOMSCA adopts a service-oriented approach, exposing analytics and visualization functionalities as reusable platform services, and… More >

Zhendong Du^*, Kenji Hashimoto

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.89, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.083232 - 13 August 2026

Abstract Network science has developed powerful tools for characterizing the topology of emergent networks—systems shaped by evolution, growth, and stochastic attachment—but the topology of constructed networks, graphs generated by the exhaustive application of formal rules, remains theoretically uncharacterized. This paper establishes that the Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL), the standard formal language for classical planning, is a topological determinist: two binary properties of its operator semantics, reversibility and commutativity, partition the space of generable state-space graphs into exactly three topological archetypes—directed acyclic graph (DAG), Sparse-Cyclic, and Mesh—and this partition is deducible from the language specification without… More >