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  • Open Access

    MINI REVIEW

    Emerging Roles of Fc Receptor-Like 1 in Immunotherapy of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

    Kayce Blumenstock1,2, Vandana Zaman2,3, Camille Green3, Narendra L. Banik1,2,3, Azizul Haque1,2,3,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.10, pp. 1859-1871, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.068773 - 22 October 2025

    Abstract Fc Receptor-Like 1 (FCRL1), a member of the FCRL family, contains two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in its cytoplasmic domain and plays a critical role in B-cell biology. Its expression begins in pre-B-cells, dynamically shifts during B-cell development, and contributes to the regulation of human B-cell activation. Notably, FCRL1 is overexpressed in subsets of naive and memory B-cells, as well as in malignant B-cells, including those in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), an aggressive and often treatment-resistant hematological malignancy. Among FCRL family members, FCRL1 stands out as a promising immunotherapeutic target due to its More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Rare Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Confined to Bone Marrow: Features and Prognosis

    Weiwei Chen1, Xiaodie Zhou2, Huiyu Li1, Yuchen Yang1, Lu Lu1, Chunyan Zhu1, Rong Fang1, Xiaoyuan Chu1, Shuping Zhou3,*, Qian Sun1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.8, pp. 2123-2139, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.063484 - 18 July 2025

    Abstract Background: Primary bone marrow diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PBM-DLBCL) represents an uncommon yet clinically aggressive hematologic malignancy. Despite its significant clinical impact, this entity lacks standardized diagnostic criteria in current WHO classifications. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 55 PBM-DLBCL cases from our institutional database and published literature (2001–2022) to characterize disease features and identify prognostic factors, with particular focus on assessing how different treatment regimens influence therapeutic efficacy and long-term outcomes. Results: The data suggested a potential link between international prognostic index (IPI) scores and poorer survival, albeit without conclusive statistical evidence (p = More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Lenalidomide regulates the CCL21/CCR7/ERK1/2 axis to inhibit migration and proliferation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

    WEN YANG, BIN TANG, DAN XU, WENXIU YANG*

    Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 199-212, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.050036 - 20 December 2024

    Abstract Background: The prognostic significance of the chemokine receptor CCR7 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been reported previously. However, the detailed mechanisms of CCR7 in DLBCL, particularly regarding its interaction with lenalidomide treatment, are not fully understood. Methods: Our study utilized bioinformatics approaches to identify hub genes in SU-DHL-2 cell lines treated with lenalidomide compared to control groups. Immunohistochemical data and clinical information from 122 patients with DLBCL were analyzed to assess the correlation of CCR7 and p-ERK1/2 expression with the prognosis of DLBCL. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to clarify the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Lenalidomide regulates the CCL21/CCR7/ERK1/2 axis to inhibit migration and proliferation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    DLBT: Deep Learning-Based Transformer to Generate Pseudo-Code from Source Code

    Walaa Gad1,*, Anas Alokla1, Waleed Nazih2, Mustafa Aref1, Abdel-badeeh Salem1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3117-3132, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.019884 - 27 September 2021

    Abstract Understanding the content of the source code and its regular expression is very difficult when they are written in an unfamiliar language. Pseudo-code explains and describes the content of the code without using syntax or programming language technologies. However, writing Pseudo-code to each code instruction is laborious. Recently, neural machine translation is used to generate textual descriptions for the source code. In this paper, a novel deep learning-based transformer (DLBT) model is proposed for automatic Pseudo-code generation from the source code. The proposed model uses deep learning which is based on Neural Machine Translation (NMT)… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    SENEX gene promotes cell proliferation by activating RB/E2F pathway in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells

    JIYU WANG#, YING PAN#, YANG WAN, ZHIXIANG WANYAN, ZHITAO WANG, QIANSHAN TAO, ZHIMIN ZHAI*

    BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.4, pp. 933-942, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.014280 - 22 April 2021

    Abstract The present study aimed to clarify the role of SENEX in malignant cell proliferation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). 22 DLBCL patients (6 newly diagnosed cases, 7 cases at complete remission, and 9 relapsed cases) were included in the study. Our results indicated that both SENEX gene and protein were significantly increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and tumor cells of relapsed DLBCL patients, accompanied by overexpression of p21, p16, and phosphorylated retinoblastoma (Rb). Silencing the SENEX gene in a DLBCL cell line caused a significant decrease in cell proliferation and inhibited cell cycle progression More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel BCL-2 Inhibitor APG-2575 Exerts Synthetic Lethality With BTK or MDM2-p53 Inhibitor in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

    Qiuyun Luo*†1, Wentao Pan*†‡1, Suna Zhou*†1, Guangfeng Wang, Hanjie Yi, Lin Zhang, Xianglei Yan*†, Luping Yuan*†, Zhenyi Liu#, Jing Wang**, Haibo Chen#, MiaoZhen Qiu*††, DaJun Yang*†‡, Jian Sun*‡‡

    Oncology Research, Vol.28, No.4, pp. 331-344, 2020, DOI:10.3727/096504020X15825405463920

    Abstract Despite therapeutic advances, the effective treatment for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains a major clinical challenge. Evasion of apoptosis through upregulating antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family members and p53 inactivation, and abnormal activation of B-cell receptor signaling pathway are two important pathogenic factors for DLBCL. In this study, our aim is to explore a rational combination of BCL-2 inhibitor plus Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) blockade or p53 activation for treating DLBCL with the above characteristics. We demonstrated that a novel BCL-2 selective inhibitor APG-2575 effectively suppressed DLBCL with BCL-2 high expression… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Anemia Is a Novel Predictive Factor for the Onset of Severe Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Lymphoma Patients Receiving Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisolone Therapy

    Takashi Saito*†, Atsuo Okamura, Junichiro Inoue, Daisuke Makiura, Hisayo Doi§, Kimikazu Yakushijin, Hiroshi Matsuoka, Yoshitada Sakai†#, Rei Ono*

    Oncology Research, Vol.27, No.4, pp. 469-474, 2019, DOI:10.3727/096504018X15267574931782

    Abstract Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) frequently occurs in lymphoma patients receiving R-CHOP, a drug combination therapy. Although severe CIPN may lead to reduction and/or discontinuation of the medication, predictive factors of CIPN have not been investigated sufficiently to date. We performed a retrospective exploratory research to determine associations between prevalence of severe CIPN and sociodemographic data, health characteristics, and medical conditions such as anemia at initial diagnosis. Forty patients (indolent lymphoma, n=9; diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; n=31) received R-CHOP therapy from September 2009 to July 2014. The median age of patients was 58 years (range=27–76 years). Statistical More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Openflow Based Dynamic Flow Scheduling with Multipath for Data Center Networks

    Haisheng Yu1, Heng Qi1, Keqiu Li1, Jianhui Zhang1,Peng Xiao2, Xun Wang1

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 251-258, 2018, DOI:10.32604/csse.2018.33.251

    Abstract The routing mechanism in Data Center networks can affect network performance and latency significantly. Hash-based method, such as ECMP (Equal-Cost Multi-Path), has been widely used in Data Center networks to fulfill the requirement of load balance. However, ECMP statically maps one flow to a path by a hash method, which results in some paths overloaded while others remain underutilized. Some dynamic flow scheduling schemes choose the most underutilized link as the next hop to better utilize the network bandwidth, while these schemes lacks of utilizing the global state of the network. To achieve high bandwidth… More >

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