Edward Sutanto¹, Rinni Sutanto², Sara Velichkovikj³, Nikola Hadzi-Petrushev⁴, Mitko Mladenov⁴, Dimiter Avtanski^5,6,7, Radoslav Stojchevski^5,6,8,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076157 - 22 April 2026

Abstract The rapid growth and accessibility of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have opened many avenues to revolutionize biomedical research, particularly in oncogenesis. Oncogenesis is a hallmark process in the development of cancer, involving the amplification of proto-oncogenes and the subsequent dysregulation of molecular signaling networks. These pathways—including the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-Catenin, and Notch cascades—have been studied extensively in isolation, with major strides achieved in understanding how they drive cancer. However, there are still many considerations regarding how these networks interact. Ongoing studies show that crosstalk among these pathways occurs through feedback… More >

Benjamin Heckelmann^#, Jannis Duhn^#, Rüdiger Braun^*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075028 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is currently the third leading cancer-related cause of death worldwide and is forecasted to become the second leading cause in the United States by 2030. Despite the development of multimodal treatment regimens, 5-year overall survival remained as low as 12%. Several efforts have been made to account for different aspects of heterogeneous tumor biology in PDAC, aiming to enable treatment stratification of defined subtypes. Besides targeting specific mutations, the definition of molecular (transcriptional) subtypes has gained substantial interest regarding response prediction and treatment stratification. Despite numerous advances in the field of… More >

I Made Bayu Anggriawan^1,2,3,*, Heather G. Jørgensen^4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074734 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Background: Persistent leukaemic stem cells (LSCs) in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) are insensitive to targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Identifying alternative molecular vulnerabilities may offer new therapeutic opportunities. This study aimed to identify active RAS/RAF signalling pathway components in persistent CML-LSCs using publicly available datasets to propose a novel drug combination that could synergise with TKI therapy. Methods: EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas and Stemformatics were used to analyse gene expression within the chosen signalling pathway using DESeq2 analysis in R Studio. Genes that showed statistically significant differences across three comparisons (CML vs. normal; post… More >

Nicola Marrano^1,#, Mariangela Caporusso^2,#, Cosimo Matino^1,#, Irene Caruso^3,#, Carlo Ganini⁴, Mimma Rizzo⁵, Ludovico Di Gioia², Angelo Cignarelli¹, Sebastio Perrini^1,6, Luigi Laviola¹, Camillo Porta⁴, Francesco Giorgino^1,*, Annalisa Natalicchio¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074672 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a cornerstone of systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), used both in the adjuvant and metastatic settings across various lines of treatment, often in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs). These therapies are associated with endocrine immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can be irreversible and life-threatening if not promptly managed. Using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Reporting System (FAERS), this study aimed to evaluate the real-world occurrence of endocrine irAEs in all approved VEGFR-TKI + ICI combinations for RCC, and… More >

Kassiani Lalechou, Despoina Pantazi^*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074452 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer patients. While venous thromboembolic events have been extensively studied due to their higher incidence, arterial thrombosis in cancer patients—referred to as cancer-associated arterial thromboembolism (CA-ATE)—is less well understood but may pose a greater danger. The pathophysiology of CA-ATE involves complex interactions between the tumor microenvironment, cancer cells, patient-related factors, and cancer therapies. Some chemotherapeutic agents, particularly platinum-based compounds (cisplatin, oxaliplatin), gemcitabine, taxanes, and targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), have been associated with an increased risk of arterial thrombosis. In… More > Graphic Abstract

Chanwoong Yoon^1,#, Euihyeon Na^2,#, Min Joo Choi¹, Sang-Pil Yoon^1,3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074140 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Objective: Increased Src kinase activity is known to correlate with cancer progression and poor prognosis, indicating that Src plays a central role in cell migration and invasion. In this study, we investigated the effects of saracatinib, a Src kinase inhibitor, under anoikis-resistant conditions in colorectal cancer cells. Methods: Wild-type and 5-fluorouracil-resistance acquired SNU-C5 colorectal cancer cells were cultured in both monolayer and spheroid systems under fetal bovine serum (FBS) or growth factor (GF) supplemented conditions. Cell viability assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, spheroid formation and morphometric analysis, and Western blotting were performed using both… More >

Saad Alobid^1,#, Hussam Albassam^1,#, Tebyan O. Mirgany², Faris Almutairi¹, Mohammed Mufadhe Alanazi¹, Ahmed H. Bakheit², Hanadi H. Asiri², Eram Eltahir³, Gamaleldin I. Harisa^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.073371 - 23 March 2026

Abstract Objective: Glioblastoma (GB) therapy is challenged by tumor heterogeneity and multidrug resistance (MDR), highlighting the need for effective therapies. This study aimed to explore the combined anticancer effects of Sunitinib (SNB) and Fenofibrate (FEN) on U87 cells. Methods: U87 cells were exposed to SNB, FEN, or their combination for 24 h, followed by evaluations of cell viability, migration, and clonogenic survival using MTT, scratch, and colony formation assays. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified via the 2^′, 7^′-dichlorofluorescein assay, while mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed using JC-1 red/green fluorescence. Molecular docking was performed to… More > Graphic Abstract

Awatif Rashed Z. Almotairy^1,2, Eman Fayad³, Fatimah Hadadi⁴, Ahmad F. Alhomodi⁵, Dalal Nasser Binjawhar⁶, Hanadi A. Katouah⁷, Bassma H. Elwakil^8,*, Keshav Raj Paudel^9,10,*, Mostafa El-Khatib¹¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.070645 - 23 March 2026

Abstract Objectives: Prostate cancer cells often develop mechanisms to evade conventional therapies. Nanomedicine offers the potential for targeted drug delivery, improved tumor accumulation, and reduced systemic toxicity. This study biosynthesizes silver nanoparticles (NPP/AgONPs) functionalized with propolis, evaluates their antibacterial efficacy against uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli), and assesses their cytotoxic effect on cancer cell proliferation using the PC-3, human prostate epithelial cell line. Methods: The synthesized NPP/AgONPs physiochemical parameters were characterized, followed by in vitro assays to evaluate their antibacterial activity against multiple uropathogenic E. coli strains; determining the cytotoxicity against HPrEC and PC-3 cells by measuring cytotoxicity (CC₅₀)… More >

Hui Zha^1,#, Chao Li^2,#, Jia Chen³, Hao Bo², Zhaolan Hu⁴, Zailong Qin^5,6,*, Jie Guo^7,8,*, Junbin Yuan^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.067601 - 23 March 2026

Abstract Objective: Long non-coding RNAs have been found to play a pivotal role in breast cancer, yet the majority of these lncRNAs remain to be thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to explore the role of differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in breast cancer stemness and drug sensitivity. Methods: Database mining was performed to evaluate the expression of LINC00467 in different types of breast cancer and its association with clinical features. The function of LINC00467 was examined through colony formation assays, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), and western blotting following LINC00467 silencing in breast cancer cell lines. Results: LINC00467… More >

Jiazi Wang, Yanxia An^*, Jingyuan Su, Keke Liu, Jian Zhang, Yang Zhao, Linlin Li

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0151 - 25 February 2026

Abstract Lignin, the most abundant natural aromatic polymer globally, has garnered considerable interest due to its rich and diverse active functional groups and its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and adhesive properties. Recent research has significantly improved the performance of lignin-based hydrogels, suggesting their substantial potential in fields such as biomedicine, environmental science, and agriculture. This paper reviews the process of lignin extraction, systematically introduces synthesis strategies for preparing lignin-based hydrogels, and discusses the current state of research on these hydrogels in biomedical and environmental protection fields. It concludes by identifying the existing challenges in lignin hydrogel research and More > Graphic Abstract