EFFAT ALEMZADEH¹, LEILA ALLAHQOLI², AFROOZ MAZIDIMORADI³, ESMAT ALEMZADEH^1,4, FAHIMEH GHASEMI^4,5, HAMID SALEHINIYA⁶, IBRAHIM ALKATOUT^7,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 831-847, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.031006

Abstract Ovarian cancer is among the most lethal gynecological cancers, primarily due to the lack of specific symptoms leading to an advanced-stage diagnosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Drug resistance (DR) poses the most significant challenge in treating patients with existing drugs. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved three new therapeutic drugs, including two poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (olaparib and niraparib) and one vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor (bevacizumab) for maintenance therapy. However, resistance to these new drugs has emerged. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of DR and exploring new approaches to overcome them is crucial for effective… More >

KEGANG JIA^1,#, YAWEI WANG^2,#, QI CAO^3,*, YOUYU WANG^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 409-419, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.042863

Abstract Background: Lung cancer is the most prevalent cancer diagnosis and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Therapeutic failure in lung cancer (LUAD) is heavily influenced by drug resistance. This challenge stems from the diverse cell populations within the tumor, each having unique genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic profiles. Such variations lead to varied therapeutic responses, thereby contributing to tumor relapse and disease progression. Methods: The Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database was used in this investigation to obtain the mRNA expression dataset, genomic mutation profile, and drug sensitivity information of NSCLS. Machine Learning (ML) methods, including Random Forest… More >

JIE ZHAO^1,#, XUANTAO YANG^2,#, HAIXI ZHANG¹, XUEZHONG GU^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 325-337, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.030770

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological tumor with high mortality and recurrence rate. Carfilzomib is a new-generation proteasome inhibitor that is used as the first-line therapy for MM. However, the development of drug resistance is a pervasive obstacle to treating MM. Therefore, elucidating the drug resistance mechanisms is conducive to the formulation of novel therapeutic therapies. To elucidate the mechanisms of carfilzomib resistance, we retrieved the GSE78069 microarray dataset containing carfilzomib-resistant LP-1 MM cells and parental MM cells. Differential gene expression analyses revealed major alterations in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and cell adhesion molecules. The upregulation of the tumor… More >

SAYAKA IMATSUJI^1,#, YUKIKO UJIE^1,#, HIROYUKI ODAKE¹, MASAYA IMOTO^1,2, SUSUMU ITOH³, ETSU TASHIRO^1,3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 139-150, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.030190

Abstract Growing evidence suggests an association between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a hallmark of tumor malignancy, and chemoresistance to a number of anti-cancer drugs. However, the mechanism of EMT induction in the process of acquiring anti-cancer drug resistance remains unclear. To address this issue, we obtained a number of cisplatin-resistant clones from LoVo cells and found that almost all of them lost cell-cell contacts. In these clones, the epithelial marker E-cadherin was downregulated, whereas the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin was upregulated. Moreover, the expression of EMT-related transcription factors, including Slug, was elevated. On the other hand, the upregulation of other mesenchymal marker Vimentin… More >

FANBIAO KONG^1,2,#, KUN WU^3,4,#, LIMING PANG^2,#, YULIANG HUANG^2,#, LEI LI³, JING XU², FEITONG LI², YAN QING², ZHONGYU WANG², XIURONG HUANG³, SHENG XU², XIAOGANG ZHONG², ZHOU ZHU², XIAOTONG WANG^3,*, JIANRONG YANG^5,*

Oncology Research, Vol.30, No.6, pp. 277-288, 2022, DOI:10.32604/or.2022.027301

Abstract Introduction: Siva-1, as a pro-apoptotic protein, has been shown to induce extensive apoptosis in a number of different cell lines. In our previous study, we showed that overexpressed Siva-1 decreased the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. So, we believe that it can also work as an anti-apoptotic protein. The present study aimed to determine the specific role of Siva-1 in anticancer drug resistance in gastric cancer in vivo and in vitro and preliminarily reveal the mechanism. Materials and Methods: A vincristine-resistant MKN-28/VCR gastric cancer cell line with stably downregulated Siva-1 was established. The effect of Siva-1 downregulation on chemotherapeutic drug… More >

YONGKANG SHI, JUN MA, KE CHEN, BIN CHEN^*

Oncology Research, Vol.30, No.4, pp. 201-210, 2022, DOI:10.32604/or.2022.027584

Abstract 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for various cancers. However, the drug resistance developed by tumor cells hinders the therapeutic effect. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is indicated to sensitize 5-FU-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells to 5-FU. In our study, we found that KGM or 5-FU treatment alone did not affect the malignant cell behaviors and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress of 5-FU-resistant HCC cells or HepG2/5-FU and Bel-7402/5-FU cells, while cotreatment with KGM and 5-FU significantly facilitated HCC cell apoptosis and ER stress and suppressed cell proliferation potential and migration abilities. Moreover, we explored the underlying mechanism by which KGM… More >

SEMA MISIR^1,*, SERAP OZER YAMAN², NINA PETROVIĆ^3,4, CEREN SUMER⁵, CEYLAN HEPOKUR¹, YUKSEL ALIYAZICIOGLU²

Oncology Research, Vol.30, No.4, pp. 157-172, 2022, DOI:10.32604/or.2022.027547

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the most common heterogeneous disease in women and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone, and targeted therapy are the gold standards for BC treatment. One of the significant challenges during the treatment of BC represents resistance to chemotherapeutics, resistance that severely limits the use and effectiveness of the drugs used for BC treatment. Therefore, it is essential to develop new strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large group of non-coding RNAs that covalently form closed circular loops by joining their 5′, and 3′; ends. Accumulating evidence… More >

SITONG QIAN^1,2,#, YING FANG^1,#, CHENGYUN YAO^1,#, YONGSHENG WANG^3,#, ZHI ZHANG¹, XIAOHUA WANG¹, JIN GAO¹, YONG FENG¹, LEI SUN¹, RUNYUE ZOU², GUOREN ZHOU^1,*, JINJUN YE^1,*, RUIXUE XIA^4,*, HONGPING XIA^5,6,*

Oncology Research, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 53-64, 2022, DOI:10.32604/or.2022.026302

Abstract Previous studies have shown that PRDX5 and Nrf2 are antioxidant proteins related to abnormal reactive oxidative species (ROS). PRDX5 and Nrf2 play a critical role in the progression of inflammations and tumors. The combination of PRDX5 and Nrf2 was examined by Co-immunoprecipitation, western blotting and Immunohistochemistry. H₂O₂ was applied to affect the production of ROS and induced multi-resistant protein 1 (MRP1) expression in NSCLC cells. The zebrafish models mainly investigated the synergistic effects of PRDX5 and Nrf2 on lung cancer drug resistance under oxidative stress. We showed that PRDX5 and Nrf2 form a complex and significantly increase the NSCLC tissues… More >

Amir Imran Faisal Hamdi, Johnson Stanslas^*

Oncologie, Vol.24, No.2, pp. 185-194, 2022, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2022.023629

Abstract KRAS mutations are among the most common oncogenic abnormalities in cancer. Until recently, drug discovery pursuing KRAS did not produce therapeutic benefits for patients. Specific KRAS inhibitors, such as sotorasib and adagrasib, which bind covalently to codon 12 of substituted glycine to cysteine residue of the protein (G12C), have been approved by the FDA recently for the treatment of lung cancers. Binding of these drugs to the protein inhibits the activation of the GDP-bound inactive state to the GTP-bound active state. Phase 1/2 trials have shown potential anti-tumor activity, particularly in patients with previously treated non-small cell lung cancer. Acquired… More >

Haojie Zhang¹, Xiaohong Wang^2,*, Yue Yu², Zhenlin Yang^3,*

Oncologie, Vol.24, No.2, pp. 247-259, 2022, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2022.020993

Abstract Chemotherapy plays an important role in controlling cancer progression, but the long-term use of chemotherapeutic agents can lead to drug resistance and eventually treatment failure. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanism of drug resistance is the key to solve the problem of chemotherapy resistance. In recent years, exosomes derived from tumor cells have received extensive attention from researchers. In this paper, we reviewed the role and mechanism of exosome-mediated tumor drug resistance in recent years, summarized the related studies of exosome and chemotherapy drug resistance, and focused on several different ways by which exosomes participate in tumor drug resistance. It includes… More >