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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    The Electric Vehicle Surge: Effective Solutions for Charging Challenges with Advanced Converter Technologies

    Rajanand Patnaik Narasipuram1,*, Md M. Pasha2, Saleha Tabassum3, Amit Singh Tandon4

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 431-469, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.055134 - 31 January 2025

    Abstract The global adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is on the rise due to their advanced features, with projections indicating they will soon dominate the private vehicle market. However, improper management of EV charging can lead to significant issues. This paper reviews the development of high-power, reliable charging solutions by examining the converter topologies used in rectifiers and converters that transfer electricity from the grid to EV batteries. It covers technical details, ongoing developments, and challenges related to these topologies and control strategies. The integration of rapid charging stations has introduced various Power Quality (PQ) issues,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Anomaly Detection of Controllable Electric Vehicles through Node Equation against Aggregation Attack

    Jing Guo*, Ziying Wang, Yajuan Guo, Haitao Jiang

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 427-442, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.057045 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract The rapid proliferation of electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure introduces critical cybersecurity vulnerabilities to power grids system. This study presents an innovative anomaly detection framework for EV charging stations, addressing the unique challenges posed by third-party aggregation platforms. Our approach integrates node equations-based on the parameter identification with a novel deep learning model, xDeepCIN, to detect abnormal data reporting indicative of aggregation attacks. We employ a graph-theoretic approach to model EV charging networks and utilize Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques for accurate parameter estimation. The xDeepCIN model, incorporating a Compressed Interaction Network, has the ability… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Multi-Stage Voltage Control Optimization Strategy for Distribution Networks Considering Active-Reactive Co-Regulation of Electric Vehicles

    Shukang Lyu*, Fei Zeng, Huachun Han, Huiyu Miao, Yi Pan, Xiaodong Yuan

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.1, pp. 221-242, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.056380 - 27 December 2024

    Abstract The high proportion of uncertain distributed power sources and the access to large-scale random electric vehicle (EV) charging resources further aggravate the voltage fluctuation of the distribution network, and the existing research has not deeply explored the EV active-reactive synergistic regulating characteristics, and failed to realize the multi-timescale synergistic control with other regulating means, For this reason, this paper proposes a multilevel linkage coordinated optimization strategy to reduce the voltage deviation of the distribution network. Firstly, a capacitor bank reactive power compensation voltage control model and a distributed photovoltaic (PV) active-reactive power regulation model are… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhanced Deep Reinforcement Learning Strategy for Energy Management in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Entropy Regularization and Prioritized Experience Replay

    Li Wang1,*, Xiaoyong Wang2

    Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.12, pp. 3953-3979, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.056705 - 22 November 2024

    Abstract Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) represent an innovative breed of transportation, harnessing diverse power sources for enhanced performance. Energy management strategies (EMSs) that coordinate and control different energy sources is a critical component of PHEV control technology, directly impacting overall vehicle performance. This study proposes an improved deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based EMS that optimizes real-time energy allocation and coordinates the operation of multiple power sources. Conventional DRL algorithms struggle to effectively explore all possible state-action combinations within high-dimensional state and action spaces. They often fail to strike an optimal balance between exploration and exploitation, and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Research on Robustness of Charging Station Networks under Multiple Recommended Charging Methods for Electric Vehicles

    Lei Feng1, Miao Liu1, Yexun Yuan1, Chi Zhang2, Peng Geng1,*

    Journal on Internet of Things, Vol.6, pp. 1-16, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jiot.2024.053584 - 24 July 2024

    Abstract With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the requirements for charging stations are getting higher and higher. In this study, we constructed a charging station topology network in Nanjing through the Space-L method, mapping charging stations as network nodes and constructing edges through road relationships. The experiment introduced five EV charging recommendation strategies (based on distance, number of fast charging piles, user preference, price, and overall rating) used to simulate disordered charging caused by different user preferences, and the impact of the network dynamic robustness in case of node failure is explored by simulating the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Drive Train Cooling Options for Electric Vehicles

    Randeep Singh1,*, Tomoki Oridate2, Tien Nguyen2

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.22, No.3, pp. 703-717, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.050744 - 11 July 2024

    Abstract Electrification of vehicles intensifies their cooling demands due to the requirements of maintaining electronics/electrical systems below their maximum temperature threshold. In this paper, passive cooling approaches based on heat pipes have been considered for the thermal management of electric vehicle (EV) traction systems including battery, inverter, and motor. For the battery, a heat pipe base plate is used to provide high heat removal (180 W per module) and better thermal uniformity (<5°C) for the battery modules in a pack while downsizing the liquid cold plate system. In the case of Inverter, two phase cooling system… More > Graphic Abstract

    Drive Train Cooling Options for Electric Vehicles

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Coordinated Voltage Control of Distribution Network Considering Multiple Types of Electric Vehicles

    Liang Liu, Guangda Xu*, Yuan Zhao, Yi Lu, Yu Li, Jing Gao

    Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.2, pp. 377-404, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.041311 - 25 January 2024

    Abstract The couple between the power network and the transportation network (TN) is deepening gradually with the increasing penetration rate of electric vehicles (EV), which also poses a great challenge to the traditional voltage control scheme. In this paper, we propose a coordinated voltage control strategy for the active distribution networks considering multiple types of EV. In the first stage, the action of on-load tap changer and capacitor banks, etc., are determined by optimal power flow calculation, and the node electricity price is also determined based on dynamic time-of-use tariff mechanism. In the second stage, multiple… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Study on Two-Tier EV Charging Station Recommendation Strategy under Multi-Factor Influence

    Miao Liu, Lei Feng, Yexun Yuan, Ye Liu, Peng Geng*

    Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.5, pp. 181-193, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jai.2023.046066 - 28 December 2023

    Abstract This article aims to address the clustering effect caused by unorganized charging of electric vehicles by adopting a two-tier recommendation method. The electric vehicles (EVs) are classified into high-level alerts and general alerts based on their state of charge (SOC). EVs with high-level alerts have the most urgent charging needs, so the distance to charging stations is set as the highest priority for recommendations. For users with general alerts, a comprehensive EV charging station recommendation model is proposed, taking into account factors such as charging price, charging time, charging station preference, and distance to the More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Sparsity-Enhanced Model-Based Method for Intelligent Fault Detection of Mechanical Transmission Chain in Electrical Vehicle

    Wangpeng He1,*, Yue Zhou1, Xiaoya Guo2, Deshun Hu1, Junjie Ye3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.137, No.3, pp. 2495-2511, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.027896 - 03 August 2023

    Abstract In today’s world, smart electric vehicles are deeply integrated with smart energy, smart transportation and smart cities. In electric vehicles (EVs), owing to the harsh working conditions, mechanical parts are prone to fatigue damages, which endanger the driving safety of EVs. The practice has proved that the identification of periodic impact characteristics (PICs) can effectively indicate mechanical faults. This paper proposes a novel model-based approach for intelligent fault diagnosis of mechanical transmission train in EVs. The essential idea of this approach lies in the fusion of statistical information and model information from a dynamic process.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Stability Analysis and Control of DC Distribution System with Electric Vehicles

    Zhijie Zheng1, Song Zhang1, Xiaolei Zhang2, Bo Yang1, Fang Yan3, Xiaoning Ge3,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.3, pp. 633-647, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.024081 - 03 January 2023

    Abstract The DC distribution network system equipped with a large number of power electronic equipment exhibits weak damping characteristics and is prone to low-frequency and high-frequency unstable oscillations. The current interpretation of the oscillation mechanism has not been unified. Firstly, this paper established the complete state-space model of the distribution system consisting of a large number of electric vehicles, characteristic equation of the distribution network system is derived by establishing a state-space model, and simplified reduced-order equations describing the low-frequency oscillation and the high-frequency oscillation are obtained. Secondly, based on eigenvalue analysis, the oscillation modes and More >

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