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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Study on the Fluid-Solid Coupling Seepage of the Deep Tight Reservoir Based on 3D Digital Core Modeling

    Haijun Yang1,2,*, Zhenzhong Cai1,2, Hui Zhang1,2, Chong Sun1,2, Jing Li3,*, Xiaoyu Meng3, Chen Liu4, Chengqiang Yang3

    Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 537-560, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.058747 - 31 January 2025

    Abstract Deep tight reservoirs exhibit complex stress and seepage fields due to varying pore structures, thus the seepage characteristics are significant for enhancing oil production. This study conducted triaxial compression and permeability tests to investigate the mechanical and seepage properties of tight sandstone. A digital core of tight sandstone was built using Computed Tomography (CT) scanning, which was divided into matrix and pore phases by a pore equivalent diameter threshold. A fluid-solid coupling model was established to investigate the seepage characteristics at micro-scale. The results showed that increasing the confining pressure decreased porosity, permeability, and flow More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Significant Advancements in UAV Technology for Reliable Oil and Gas Pipeline Monitoring

    Ibrahim Akinjobi Aromoye1, Hai Hiung Lo1, Patrick Sebastian1, Ghulam E Mustafa Abro2,*, Shehu Lukman Ayinla1,3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.2, pp. 1155-1197, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.058598 - 27 January 2025

    Abstract Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) technology is rapidly advancing, offering innovative solutions for various industries, including the critical task of oil and gas pipeline surveillance. However, the limited flight time of conventional UAVs presents a significant challenge to comprehensive and continuous monitoring, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of pipeline infrastructure. This review paper evaluates methods for extending UAV flight endurance, focusing on their potential application in pipeline inspection. Through an extensive literature review, this study identifies the latest advancements in UAV technology, evaluates their effectiveness, and highlights the existing gaps in achieving prolonged flight… More > Graphic Abstract

    Significant Advancements in UAV Technology for Reliable Oil and Gas Pipeline Monitoring

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    E3 Ligases and COVID-19: Insights into Viral Control and Therapeutic Potential

    Mukul Mishra1, Deeba Khan2, Sehbanul Islam1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.1, pp. 127-147, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.058038 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the newly emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in unprecedented global health challenges, including millions of infections and deaths. While the direct effects of the virus are critical, the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and cellular host factors significantly impacts the replication cycle of the virus and the clinical severity of COVID-19. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of host-pathogen interactions, focusing on the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins. We systematically review the literature to detail how SARS-CoV-2 engages with host cellular machinery, with a specific emphasis on their More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Macrophage polarization in cardiac transplantation: Insights into immune modulation and therapeutic approaches

    JINGWEI JIANG1,2, BO JIA3, CHUAN WANG3, CHEN FANG1, YUGUI LI1, GUOXING LING1, BAOSHI ZHENG1,*, CHENG LUO1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.1, pp. 61-78, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.056981 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The role and regulatory mechanisms of macrophage polarization in cardiac transplantation have gained significant attention. Macrophages can polarize into either the M1 (pro-inflammatory) or M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype in response to environmental cues. M1 macrophages facilitate transplant rejection by releasing inflammatory mediators and activating T cells, whereas M2 macrophages support graft survival by secreting anti-inflammatory factors and promoting tissue repair. Mitochondrial quality control regulation plays a crucial role in macrophage polarization, which may influence graft survival and immune responses. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of mitochondrial quality control-regulated macrophage polarization in cardiac More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analyzing the Cytotoxic and Genetic Impact of Datura stramonium Extract on MCF7 and HT29 Cancer Cells: A Metabolite and Gene Expression Study

    Fayez Althobaiti1, Hadeer Darwish1,*, Raghad Alruqayb1, Saqer S. Alotaibi1, Fahad E. Alharthi2, Ibrahim Jafri1, Sarah Awwadh Altalhi1, Ghadi Alsharif3,4, Hussam Awwadh E Althagafi5, Hesham Noureldeen6, Sarah Alharthi7, Jawaher Albaqami2, Najla Amin T. Al Kashgry2, Ahmed Noureldeen2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 181-198, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.059387 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The interest in using the Datura stramonium plant is due to its natural products, which are used in many pharmaceutical industries. The objective of the current study was to assess the therapeutic and cytotoxic effects of the D. stramonium plant on two types of human cancer cell models (MCF7 and HT29) in vitro. A soxhlet apparatus was used to obtain methanolic extract from dried plant leaves. The recovered crude, after the solvent had evaporated, was then dispersed at varied concentrations of extract 100, 50, 20, and 0.0 µg/mL and tested to see how the cells responded. Also,… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Insights on Bmi-1 therapeutic targeting in head and neck cancers

    JESSIE REYES-CARMONA*

    Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 301-307, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.053764 - 16 January 2025

    Abstract The B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (Bmi-1) protein of the polycomb complex is an essential mediator of the epigenetic transcriptional silencing by the chromatin structure. It has been reported to be crucial for homeostasis of the stem cells and tumorigenesis. Though years of investigation have clarified Bmi-1’s transcriptional regulation, post-translational modifications, and functions in controlling cellular bioenergetics, pathologies, and DNA damage response, the full potential of this protein with so many diverse roles are still unfulfilled. Bmi-1 is overexpressed in many human malignancies. Unraveling the Bmi-1’s precise functional role in head and neck… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Innovative Lightweight Encryption Schemes Leveraging Chaotic Systems for Secure Data Transmission

    Haider H. Al-Mahmood1,*, Saad N. Alsaad2

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.40, pp. 53-74, 2025, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2024.059691 - 10 January 2025

    Abstract In secure communications, lightweight encryption has become crucial, particularly for resource-constrained applications such as embedded devices, wireless sensor networks, and the Internet of Things (IoT). As these systems proliferate, cryptographic approaches that provide robust security while minimizing computing overhead, energy consumption, and memory usage are becoming increasingly essential. This study examines lightweight encryption techniques utilizing chaotic maps to ensure secure data transmission. Two algorithms are proposed, both employing the Logistic map; the first approach utilizes two logistic chaotic maps, while the second algorithm employs a single logistic chaotic map. Algorithm 1, including a two-stage mechanism… More >

  • Open Access

    CORRECTION

    Correction: A Lightweight Approach for Skin Lesion Detection through Optimal Features Fusion

    Khadija Manzoor1, Fiaz Majeed2, Ansar Siddique2, Talha Meraj3, Hafiz Tayyab Rauf4,*, Mohammed A. El-Meligy5, Mohamed Sharaf6, Abd Elatty E.Abd Elgawad6

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 1459-1459, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.061588 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    SEFormer: A Lightweight CNN-Transformer Based on Separable Multiscale Depthwise Convolution and Efficient Self-Attention for Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis

    Hongxing Wang1, Xilai Ju2, Hua Zhu1,*, Huafeng Li1,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 1417-1437, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.058785 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract Traditional data-driven fault diagnosis methods depend on expert experience to manually extract effective fault features of signals, which has certain limitations. Conversely, deep learning techniques have gained prominence as a central focus of research in the field of fault diagnosis by strong fault feature extraction ability and end-to-end fault diagnosis efficiency. Recently, utilizing the respective advantages of convolution neural network (CNN) and Transformer in local and global feature extraction, research on cooperating the two have demonstrated promise in the field of fault diagnosis. However, the cross-channel convolution mechanism in CNN and the self-attention calculations in… More > Graphic Abstract

    SEFormer: A Lightweight CNN-Transformer Based on Separable Multiscale Depthwise Convolution and Efficient Self-Attention for Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Lightweight Multiscale Feature Fusion Network for Solar Cell Defect Detection

    Xiaoyun Chen1, Lanyao Zhang1, Xiaoling Chen1, Yigang Cen2, Linna Zhang1,*, Fugui Zhang1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 521-542, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.058063 - 03 January 2025

    Abstract Solar cell defect detection is crucial for quality inspection in photovoltaic power generation modules. In the production process, defect samples occur infrequently and exhibit random shapes and sizes, which makes it challenging to collect defective samples. Additionally, the complex surface background of polysilicon cell wafers complicates the accurate identification and localization of defective regions. This paper proposes a novel Lightweight Multi-scale Feature Fusion network (LMFF) to address these challenges. The network comprises a feature extraction network, a multi-scale feature fusion module (MFF), and a segmentation network. Specifically, a feature extraction network is proposed to obtain… More >

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