Zezhi Wen¹, Kai Zhang¹, Shanlin Liang², Liqiong Chen^1,*, Zijian Xiong¹

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.20, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.066408 - 08 January 2026

Abstract Maintaining the structural integrity of parallel natural gas pipelines during leakage-induced jet fires remains a critical engineering challenge. Existing methods often fail to account for the complex interactions among heat transfer, material behavior, and pipeline geometry, which can lead to overly simplified and potentially unsafe assessments. To address these limitations, this study develops a multiphysics approach that integrates small-orifice leakage theory with detailed thermo-fluid-structural simulations. The proposed framework contributes to a more accurate failure analysis through three main components: (1) coupled modeling that tracks transient heat flow and stress development as fire conditions evolve; (2)… More >

Malvinder Singh Bali¹, Weiwei Jiang^2,*, Saurav Verma³, Kanwalpreet Kour⁴, Ashwini Rao³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-19, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.070866 - 09 December 2025

Abstract In recent years, Blockchain Technology has become a paradigm shift, providing Transparent, Secure, and Decentralized platforms for diverse applications, ranging from Cryptocurrency to supply chain management. Nevertheless, the optimization of blockchain networks remains a critical challenge due to persistent issues such as latency, scalability, and energy consumption. This study proposes an innovative approach to Blockchain network optimization, drawing inspiration from principles of biological evolution and natural selection through evolutionary algorithms. Specifically, we explore the application of genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, and related evolutionary techniques to enhance the performance of blockchain networks. The proposed methodologies More >

Jia Yan Lim^1,2, Siti Madiha Muhammad Amir³, Roslan Yahya³, Marta Peña Fernández², Tze Chuen Yap^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-19, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.070707 - 09 December 2025

Abstract Additive Manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, has transformed conventional manufacturing by building objects layer by layer, with material extrusion or fused deposition modeling standing out as particularly popular. However, due to its manufacturing process and thermal nature, internal voids and pores are formed within the thermoplastic materials being fabricated, potentially leading to a decrease in mechanical properties. This paper discussed the effect of printing parameters on the porosity and the mechanical properties of the 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) through micro-computed tomography (microCT), computational image analysis, and Charpy impact testing. The results for both… More >

Yeasul Kim¹, Chaeeun Won¹, Hwankuk Kim^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.1, pp. 1-28, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069608 - 10 November 2025

Abstract With the increasing emphasis on personal information protection, encryption through security protocols has emerged as a critical requirement in data transmission and reception processes. Nevertheless, IoT ecosystems comprise heterogeneous networks where outdated systems coexist with the latest devices, spanning a range of devices from non-encrypted ones to fully encrypted ones. Given the limited visibility into payloads in this context, this study investigates AI-based attack detection methods that leverage encrypted traffic metadata, eliminating the need for decryption and minimizing system performance degradation—especially in light of these heterogeneous devices. Using the UNSW-NB15 and CICIoT-2023 dataset, encrypted and… More >

Fengxia Shi¹, Jian Zhao^2,3,*, Xiaodong Dai¹, Guoxin Zhang⁴, Yuan Lu⁴, Yuyan Shang¹

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.12, pp. 2963-2980, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.073836 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Gas–liquid two-phase jets exhibit markedly enhanced impact performance due to the violent collapse of entrained bubbles, which generates transient microjets and shock waves. The geometry of the nozzle is a decisive factor in controlling jet formation, flow modulation, and impact efficiency. In this work, the structural optimization of gas–liquid two-phase nozzles was investigated numerically using the Volume of Fluid (VOF). Simulation results show that the aero-shaped nozzle delivers a significantly stronger impact on the target surface than conventional geometries. Specifically, its impact pressure is 21% higher than that of a conical straight nozzle and 37%… More > Graphic Abstract

Quan Cheng, Yun Lin, Hui Yu^*

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Vol.27, No.12, pp. 1961-1988, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2025.072232 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Background: Against the backdrop of the complex interplay between global migration flows and the European Union’s governance system, immigrants’ subjective well-being (SWB) has become a crucial indicator for assessing both their social integration and the effectiveness of integration policies. However, few studies have systematically linked immigration law and policy to SWB through a structured framework of human needs. This study aims to assess how European Union (EU) immigration policies influence immigrants’ SWB by facilitating the fulfillment of hierarchical needs based on Maslow’s theory. Methods: Using data from the European Social Survey (ESS, 2010–2023), this study analyzed… More >

Xiaoyan Zhuo¹, Yukun Ji¹, Yatao Ren^1,*, Xuehui Wang², Hong Qi¹

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 1701-1720, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.074045 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Flow and heat transfer characteristics during droplet impact on hot walls are pivotal for elucidating the mechanisms of spray cooling and exploring pathways for heat transfer enhancement. When the wall temperature exceeds the Leidenfrost point, a vapor film forms between the droplet and the wall, rendering the heat transfer process highly complex. Furthermore, for droplet impact on curved walls, the presence of curvature introduces additional factors that modify the spreading behavior of the droplet and necessitate in-depth analysis. Therefore, this work investigates the flow and heat transfer dynamics of droplet impact on hot planes and… More >

John Hordines¹, Shirley Ge², Dima Raskolnikov¹, Alexander C. Small¹, Kara L. Watts^1,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.6, pp. 551-560, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.065988 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: The healthcare industry contributes nearly 5% of worldwide carbon emissions. In an effort to mitigate this impact, urology practices can take steps to reduce their carbon footprints. We conducted a systematic review which aimed to summarise the current literature on the environmental impact of urologic-related care. Methods: A systematic literature review evaluating the impact of urologic procedures, telehealth and conferences/interviews was conducted on PubMed and Cochrane databases using a Boolean search strategy and the following search terms: urology, planetary health, environmental impact, carbon emissions, carbon footprint, and waste. Full-text articles published in English were… More >

Md Salah Uddin^*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.42, No.4, pp. 1051-1073, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2025.070688 - 26 December 2025

Abstract Carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) have a wide range of applications in the aerospace, automotive, and energy sectors. A higher specific strength-to-weight ratio is desired in high-performance applications. The failure mechanism of CFRCs involves multiscale phenomena, such as failure that can occur at the matrix, fibers, interface, layers, lamina, and laminates. When an impactor hits the CFRCs, the design involves analyzing each of these stages to prevent failure and optimize the properties of CFRCs under various loading conditions. A numerical model was employed to predict the fracture toughness of CFRCs with varying weight fractions and orientations.… More >

Yongwei Li¹, Kaituo Jiao^2,*, Dongxu Han³, Bo Yu², Xiaoze Du¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3453-3479, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073239 - 23 December 2025

Abstract The permeability contrast between the Hot Dry Rock (HDR) reservoir and the surrounding formations is a key factor governing fluid loss in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). This study thus aims to investigate its impact on system performance under varying operating conditions, and a three-dimensional thermo–hydro–mechanical (THM) coupled EGS model is developed based on the geological parameters of the GR1 well in the Qiabuqia region. The coupled processes of fluid flow, heat transfer, and geomechanics within the reservoir under varying reservoir–surrounding rock permeability contrasts, as well as the flow and heat exchange along the wellbores from… More >