Hailong Wang¹, Minglei Duan², Lu Yao³, Hao Li^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.072942 - 12 January 2026

Abstract In image analysis, high-precision semantic segmentation predominantly relies on supervised learning. Despite significant advancements driven by deep learning techniques, challenges such as class imbalance and dynamic performance evaluation persist. Traditional weighting methods, often based on pre-statistical class counting, tend to overemphasize certain classes while neglecting others, particularly rare sample categories. Approaches like focal loss and other rare-sample segmentation techniques introduce multiple hyperparameters that require manual tuning, leading to increased experimental costs due to their instability. This paper proposes a novel CAWASeg framework to address these limitations. Our approach leverages Grad-CAM technology to generate class activation… More >

Woo Hyun Park^*, Dong Ryeol Shin

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069949 - 12 January 2026

Abstract With the recent increase in data volume and diversity, traditional text representation techniques are struggling to capture context, particularly in environments with sparse data. To address these challenges, this study proposes a new model, the Masked Joint Representation Model (MJRM). MJRM approximates the original hypothesis by leveraging multiple elements in a limited context. It dynamically adapts to changes in characteristics based on data distribution through three main components. First, masking-based representation learning, termed selective dynamic masking, integrates topic modeling and sentiment clustering to generate and train multiple instances across different data subsets, whose predictions are… More >

Quan Cheng, Yun Lin, Hui Yu^*

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Vol.27, No.12, pp. 1961-1988, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2025.072232 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Background: Against the backdrop of the complex interplay between global migration flows and the European Union’s governance system, immigrants’ subjective well-being (SWB) has become a crucial indicator for assessing both their social integration and the effectiveness of integration policies. However, few studies have systematically linked immigration law and policy to SWB through a structured framework of human needs. This study aims to assess how European Union (EU) immigration policies influence immigrants’ SWB by facilitating the fulfillment of hierarchical needs based on Maslow’s theory. Methods: Using data from the European Social Survey (ESS, 2010–2023), this study analyzed… More >

Hafida Khelafi¹, Wassima Lakhdari², Mustapha Mounir Bouhenna³, Said Boudeffeur⁴, Hayet Meamiche¹, Salah Neghmouche Nacer^5,*, Meriam Laouar⁶

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.12, pp. 3975-3989, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.073210 - 29 December 2025

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) derived from medicinal plants are gaining recognition as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fungicides in the management of plant pathogens. This study investigates the chemical composition, chromatographic profile, and antifungal of Mentha rotundifolia essential oil against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa), the pathogen responsible for Bayoud disease in date palm. The oil was extracted through hydrodistillation and characterized using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), revealing multiple fractions corresponding to terpenoid constituents and 23 chemical constituents, predominantly oxygenated monoterpenes (68.51%), with piperitenone oxide as the major component (62.53%). The antifungal efficacy was evaluated… More >

Jazmín Montserrat Gaucin-Delgado¹, Cristian Oswaldo Solis-López², Pablo Preciado-Rangel³, Bernardo Espinosa-Palomeque⁴, Francisco Gerardo Veliz-Deras², Viridiana Contreras-Villarreal², Ricardo Israel Ramírez-Gottfried^5,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.12, pp. 3961-3973, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.072536 - 29 December 2025

Abstract Selenium (Se) deficiency is a global health problem affecting more than 500 million people; crop biofortification is a sustainable strategy for its mitigation. This study investigated the effect of the application of selenate nanoparticles (SeO₄²⁻) and the combination of selenate (SeO₄²⁻) and chitosan (CS) (forming a SeO₄²⁻-CS complex) on the antioxidant profile, growth, biomass, bioactive compounds, enzymes, and Se accumulation of wheat (Triticum spp.) sprouts. Fourteen treatments were applied using a factorial design combining seven concentrations and two formulations: SeO₄²⁻ and SeO₄²⁻-CS. It was identified that chitosan increased Se uptake efficiency by 30% versus conventional selenate. The optimal… More >

Liangjian Lei^1,2, Yihang Lu^1,2,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 2109-2126, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.072643 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Internal thermal mass, such as furniture and partitions, plays a crucial role in enhancing building energy efficiency and indoor thermal comfort by passively regulating temperature fluctuations. However, the irregular geometry of these elements poses a significant challenge for accurate modeling in building energy simulations. This study addresses this gap by developing a rigorous analytical model that idealizes internal thermal mass as a sphere, thereby capturing multi-directional heat conduction effects that are neglected in simpler one-dimensional slab models. The transient heat conduction within the sphere is solved analytically using Duhamel’s theorem for three representative indoor air… More >

Shengzhong Zhao¹, Daiyan Chen¹, Han Zhang^1,2,*, Junhao Yu¹, Lin Xu¹, Zhaoyi Zhuang¹, Fei Wang^1,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 1907-1932, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.071910 - 31 December 2025

Abstract A sealed portal could significantly alter the flame shape and smoke flow characteristics in inclined tunnel fires. In inclined tunnels, two typical sealing conditions could be defined, namely the upper portal sealed and the lower portal sealed. In this study, the effects of tunnel slope on flame shape, flame length, along with smoke mass flow rate and induced velocity at the tunnel portal, are numerically investigated. The results show that, in all scenarios, flames initially rise vertically but tilt toward the sealed portal during the quasi-steady stage, with the largest tilt angle observed in tunnels… More >

Marina Ladonkina¹, Viktoriia Podryga^1,*, Yury Poveshchenko¹, Haochen Zhang²

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 1789-1809, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.066953 - 31 December 2025

Abstract The work presents new methods for selecting adaptive artificial viscosity (AAV) in iterative algorithms of completely conservative difference schemes (CCDS) used to solve gas dynamics equations in Euler variables. These methods allow to effectively suppress oscillations, including in velocity profiles, as well as computational instabilities in modeling gas-dynamic processes described by hyperbolic equations. The methods can be applied both in explicit and implicit (method of separate sweeps) iterative processes in numerical modeling of gas dynamics in the presence of heat and mass transfer, as well as in solving problems of magnetohydrodynamics and computational astrophysics. In… More >

Abdul Baseet Arham¹, John M. Rieth², Michael A. O’Donnell^3,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.6, pp. 605-620, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063632 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: Genitourinary (GU) sarcomas are rare soft tissue malignancies, comprising around 2% of all GU cancers. Due to their rarity, limited data exist on optimal management and long-term outcomes. This study presents a 25-year single-institution experience, evaluating clinical presentation, treatment strategies, and survival outcomes, aims to identify trends over time and potential predictors of prognosis. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with GU sarcomas at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (1998–2023). Data on tumor subtype, staging, histopathology, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated… More >

Victor De Araujo^1,2,3,*, Pedro Jardim^3,4, Poliana Pessôa³, Juliano Vasconcelos^2,5, Matheus Souza⁶, José Garcia⁷, Jozef Švajlenka⁸, André Christoforo^3,1

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.12, pp. 2479-2524, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0127 - 23 December 2025

Abstract Finger-joint lumber is a sustainable building product commercialized as a structural solution for beams, pillars and other thin flat load-bearing elements. This study aims to study finger-joint lumber and its industry to promote this engineered wood product. The first research stage assessed the collection of publications on finger-joint lumber available globally, in which a structured protocol was developed to prospect studies based on two complementary methodologies: PRISMA 2020 using Scopus and Web of Science databases, and Snowball using both forward and backward models to complete with additional literature. The second research stage assessed finger-joint lumber… More >