Farhat Abbas¹, Fahim Ullah Khan^1,2,*, Salem Al-Naemi³, Awni Al-Otoom¹, Ahmed T. Moustafa⁴, Khaled Shami¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.9, pp. 2911-2925, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.064239 - 30 September 2025

Abstract This study aimed to explore the relationship between Soil-Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) values and key environmental factors in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivation in a greenhouse. SPAD values, indicative of chlorophyll content, reflect plant health and productivity. The analysis revealed strong positive correlations between SPAD values and both indoor light intensity (ILI, r = 0.59, p < 0.001) and outdoor light intensity (OLI, r = 0.62, p < 0.001), suggesting that higher light intensities were associated with enhanced SPAD values. In contrast, significant negative correlations were found between SPAD values and soil temperature at 15–30 cm depth… More >

Hafiza Saima Gul^1,2,*, Mumtaz Hussain¹, Tayyaba Sanaullah³, Habib-ur-Rehman Athar², Ibrahim Al-Ashkar⁴, Muhammad Kamran⁵, Mohammed Antar⁶, Ayman El Sabagh^7,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.9, pp. 2893-2909, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.058816 - 30 September 2025

Abstract The low efficiency of phytoextraction of lead (Pb) from agricultural fields poses a significant agricultural challenge. Organic chelating agents can influence Pb bioavailability in soil, affecting its uptake, transport, and toxicity in plants. This study aimed to assess the impact of citric acid (CA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) on chelate-assisted phytoextraction of Pb and its effect on growth and physiology of two cultivars (07001; 07002) of mung bean (Vigna radiata). The cultivars of mung bean were exposed to 60 mg·L⁻¹ lead chloride (PbCl₂) solution, with or without the addition of 300 mg·L⁻¹ CA or 500 mg·L⁻¹ DTPA, until… More >

Yongting Duan^*Chengcheng Zhu

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.010514

Abstract Clarify the mechanical properties of different laminations and the fracture mechanism of continental shale under in-situ stress can provide theoretical basis for more comprehensive evaluation of the fracability of continental shale oil reservoir. The Chang 72 continental shale was used to investigate the mechanical properties of laminations and the effect of natural structure on the crack propagation of the shale. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thin section tests show that the laminations contain two types: bright sandy lamination with void structure and dark muddy lamination with layer structure. The real-time Computed Tomography (CT) uniaxial compression… More >

Yang Yu^1,2, Sheng Fan^1,2, Zhonglin Li^1,2, Zhong He^1,2, Jingwei Liu^3,*, Peng Xu^3,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.8, pp. 1875-1894, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.066404 - 12 September 2025

Abstract Drilling operations in carbonate rock heavy oil blocks (e.g., in the Tahe Oilfield) are challenged by the intrusion of high-viscosity, temperature-sensitive formation heavy oil into the drilling fluid. This phenomenon often results in wellbore blockage, reduced penetration rates, and compromised well control, thereby significantly limiting drilling efficiency and operational safety. To address this issue, this study conducts a comprehensive investigation into the mechanisms governing heavy oil invasion using a combination of laboratory experiments and field data analysis. Findings indicate that the reservoir exhibits strong heterogeneity and that the heavy oil possesses distinctive physical properties. The… More >

Ahmad Fazlizan^1,*, Wan Khairul Muzammil², Najm Addin Al-Khawlani¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.2, pp. 1371-1437, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.067854 - 31 August 2025

Abstract This review provides a comprehensive and systematic examination of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques and methodologies applied to the development of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs). Although VAWTs offer significant advantages for urban wind applications, such as omnidirectional wind capture and a compact, ground-accessible design, they face substantial aerodynamic challenges, including dynamic stall, blade–wake interactions, and continuously varying angles of attack throughout their rotation. The review critically evaluates how CFD has been leveraged to address these challenges, detailing the modelling frameworks, simulation setups, mesh strategies, turbulence models, and boundary condition treatments adopted in the literature.… More >

Lobna Hajji-Hedfi^1,2,*, Omaima Bargougui^1,3, Abdelhak Rhouma¹, Takwa Wannassi¹, Amira Khlif^1,3, Samar Dali^1,3, Wafa Gamaoun⁴

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.8, pp. 2255-2284, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.066951 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Fungal plant diseases are infections caused by pathogenic fungi that affect crops, ornamental plants, and trees. Symptoms of these diseases can include leaf spots, fruit rot, root rot, and generalized growth retardation. Fungal diseases can result in decreased quality and quantity of crops, which can have a negative economic impact on farmers and producers. Moreover, these diseases can cause environmental damage. Indeed, fungal diseases can directly affect crops by reducing plant growth and yield, as well as altering their quality and nutritional value. Although effective, the use of many chemical products is often harmful to… More >

Konstantin Busov^1,*, Nikolay Mazheiko¹, Leonid Plotnikov², Boris Zhilkin²

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 1203-1214, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.067598 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Experimental research into the boiling-up of a free jet of superheated water discharging through a short cylindrical nozzle with sharp inlet and outlet edges into the atmosphere has been carried out. The change in the shape of a liquid jet has been traced through changes in thermodynamic parameters (temperature, pressure) along the saturation line in both the visible range and the infrared spectrum. The flow shapes corresponding to various modes of boiling-up have been identified. With thermal-imaging diagnostics, heterogeneities in the spray plume of a superheated liquid jet have been recorded and temperature distributions have More >

J. Luis Luviano-Ortiz, Julio Cesar Rodriguez-Mosqueda, Salvador Botello-Aceves, Yanan Camaraza-Medina^*, Abel Hernandez-Guerrero

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 1165-1183, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.067466 - 29 August 2025

Abstract This work presents a simulation analysis using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for the thermo-hydraulic behavior of staggered heat sinks whose fins have NACA 0040 airfoil profile. The results were compared with a conventional pin fin heat sink with a circular profile. This study searched for the best thermo-hydraulic performance by translational and rotational positioning of the fins. It is worth mentioning that this work was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the thermo-hydraulic behavior of the heat sink was studied moving the location of the upper array above the X-axis from −2.25 to… More >

Ying Zhang^1,2, Chao Dang^1,2,*, Zhiqiang Zhang^1,2

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 1215-1242, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.067373 - 29 August 2025

Abstract In this study, the flow boiling characteristics of R1234yf in parallel microchannels were experimentally investigated. The experiments were conducted with heat flux from 0 to 550 kW/m², mass flux of 434, 727, and 1015 kg/(m² s), saturation temperatures of 293, 298, and 303 K, and inlet sub-cooling of 5, 10, and 15 K. The analysis of the experimental results provides the following conclusions: a reduced mass flux and lower subcooling correspond to a diminished degree of superheat at the boiling inception wall; conversely, an elevated saturation temperature results in a reduced amount of superheat at the… More >

Zongyu Jie^1,2, Chao Dang^1,2,*, Qingliang Meng ^3,4

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 1053-1089, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.066792 - 29 August 2025

Abstract With the increasing miniaturization of systems and surging demand for power density, accurate prediction and control of two-phase flow pressure drop have become a core challenge restricting the performance of microchannel heat exchangers. Pressure drop, a critical hydraulic characteristic, serves as both a natural constraint for cooling systems and determines the power required to pump the working fluid through microchannels. This paper reviews the characteristics, prediction models, and optimization measures of two-phase flow pressure drop for low-boiling-point working fluids in microchannels. It systematically analyzes key influencing factors such as fluid physical properties, operating conditions, channel… More >