LEI WANG^1,2, ZHI-HANG WANG¹, NIAN-PING CAO¹, BOBO CHEN¹, CHONG-JUN HUANG¹, LEI YANG¹, YE TIAN^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.2, pp. 191-203, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.045349 - 23 February 2024

Abstract Estrogen-related receptor alpha can significantly affect cell metabolism and play key regulatory roles in healthy and diseased organisms. ERRα is also related to the onset and progression of various cancer types. ERRα is primarily expressed in metabolically active tissues and regulates the transcription of metabolic genes in such tissues. It coordinates metabolism and energy demand, affects osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes, promotes muscle regeneration, participates in angiogenesis, and regulates cell aging. In this study, the literature related to the identification of ERRα in skeletal, muscular, and vascular systems was reviewed to further elucidate this receptor. More >

CHANYUAN JIN^1,4,#, ZIYAO ZHUANG^2,4,#, LINGFEI JIA^3,4,*, YUNFEI ZHENG^2,4,*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.7, pp. 1717-1724, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018706 - 17 March 2022

Abstract Osteoporosis is a frequently occurring bone remodeling disorder worldwide with one characteristic being decreasing bone mineral density and a predisposition to bone fracture, which diminishes patients’ quality of life. Several studies showed that imbalance between the osteogenesis and adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) took part in the development of osteoporosis. In previous study, we found MIR22HG regulated the osteogenesis of human BMSCs positively. In this study, we found that MIR22HG was decreased during the adipogenesis of human BMSCs and exerted negative effects on adipogenesis with the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway both in More >

RAMSHA SHAMS^1,2, NAREN L. BANIK^1,2,3,*, AZIZUL HAQUE^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.6, pp. 1453-1457, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.017659 - 01 September 2021

Abstract Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition characterized by damage to the spinal cord, resulting in loss of function, mobility, and sensation. Although increasingly prevalent in the US, no FDA-approved therapy exists due to the unfortunate complexity of the condition, and the difficulties of SCI may be furthered by the development of SCI-related complications, such as osteoporosis. SCI demonstrates two crucial stages for consideration: the primary stage and the secondary stage. While the primary stage is suggested to be immediate and irreversible, the secondary stage is proposed as a promising window of opportunity for… More >

Marrium Anam¹, Vasaki a/p Ponnusamy^2,*, Muzammil Hussain³, Muhammad Waqas Nadeem^2,4, Mazhar Javed³, Hock Guan Goh², Sadia Qadeer³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 89-105, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.013159 - 12 January 2021

Abstract Trabecular bone holds the utmost importance due to its significance regarding early bone loss. Diseases like osteoporosis greatly affect the structure of the Trabecular bone which results in different outcomes like high risk of fracture. The objective of this paper is to inspect the characteristics of the Trabecular Bone by using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique. These characteristics prove to be quite helpful in studying different studies related to Trabecular bone such as osteoporosis. The things that were considered before the selection of the articles for the systematic review were language, research field, and… More >

Dildar Hussain¹, Rizwan Ali Naqvi², Woong-Kee Loh³, Jooyoung Lee^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2587-2598, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.013031 - 28 December 2020

Abstract Many existing techniques to acquire dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images are unable to accurately distinguish between bone and soft tissue. For the most part, this failure stems from bone shape variability, noise and low contrast in DXA images, inconsistent X-ray beam penetration producing shadowing effects, and person-to-person variations. This work explores the feasibility of using state-of-the-art deep learning semantic segmentation models, fully convolutional networks (FCNs), SegNet, and U-Net to distinguish femur bone from soft tissue. We investigated the performance of deep learning algorithms with reference to some of our previously applied conventional image segmentation techniques… More >

Francesca Cosmi^*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 87-105, 2015, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2015.012.087

Abstract Bone tissue is a complex multi-scale material and its morphological and functional characteristics are influenced during one’s life by constant changes, physiological and pathological. A recent technique can classify the mechanical response of trabecular bone by simulating the application of loads with a Cell Method model derived from plane radiographic images of the proximal epiphyses in the patient’s hand fingers, thus complementing the individual assessment with a low cost exam. The mesoscale pathological modifications (i.e. due to osteoporosis) can be detected and quantified, despite the simplification due to the use of radiograms. In this work, More >

Valentina Butoescu, Bertrand Tombal

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, Suppl.2, pp. 84-92, 2014

Abstract instruction: Introduction: In the advanced stage of prostate cancer, bone is consistently the first and, later on, the dominant extra-nodal metastatic site. Bone metastases account for most of prostate cancer's morbidity.
instruction: Materials and methods: We have performed a literature review using the MEDLINE database for publications on: 1) bone metastases (androgen deprivation therapy); 2) cancer treatment-induced bone loss; 3) skeletal-related events; 4) denosumab; 5) zoledronic acid.
instruction: Results: Prostate cancer cells disrupt the normal bone remodeling process, invade the skeletal environment, and ultimately weaken the bone structure. This may result in skeletal complications, also known as skeletal-related… More >

Yiu-Keung Lau^1,2, C. Ellen Lee³, Heather J. Prior⁴, Lisa M. Lix⁵, Colleen J. Metge⁶, William D. Leslie⁷

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.16, No.6, pp. 4908-4914, 2009

Abstract Introduction: Prostate cancer is the most common noncutaneous malignancy diagnosed in men. The use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the mainstay of treatment for metastatic disease. The use of ADT has been reported to increase the risk of osteoporosis in men with prostate cancer, with higher risk of fracture than age matched controls. We sought to confirm the higher fracture risk of men with prostate cancer on ADT in the Canadian population.
Methods: We used the Population Health Research Data Repository housed at Manitoba Centre for Health Policy to identify all cases of fractures of the… More >

John B. Malcolm¹, Ithaar H. Derweesh¹, Matthew C. Kincade¹, Christopher J. DiBlasio¹, Kimberly D. Lamar², Robert W. Wake¹, Anthony L. Patterson¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.14, No.3, pp. 3551-3559, 2007

Abstract Introduction: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is widely utilized for treatment of localized and advanced prostate cancer (CaP). ADT is associated with increased rates of osteoporosis; however, its impact on fracture risk is not completely understood. We investigated incidence and predisposing factors for osteoporosis and fractures in a large, contemporary, single institution series of patients treated with ADT for CaP.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all patients who received ADT for CaP between 1/1989 and 7/2005. Primary endpoints of investigation were osteoporosis and non-pathologic fractures. Independent variables included age, race, body mass index (BMI), pretreatment… More >

Graeme G. Duncan¹, Tom Corbett², Himu Lukka², Padraig Warde³, Tom Pickles¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.13, No.1, pp. 2962-2966, 2006

Abstract The majority of GU radiation oncologists in Canada attended a consensus meeting in November 2004. The topic of osteoporosis in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer was identified as a key theme. A chaired session with keynote speakers and review of the evidence took place followed by open debate. Participants were provided with background information.
Osteoporosis was defined as a T-score <= -2.5, but the importance of risk factors and clinical findings is noted. Dual DEXA is the current standard for assessment of bone density and relates well to fracture risk. The… More >