Manaliben Amin^*

Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.8, pp. 1-18, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jai.2026.073895 - 07 January 2026

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is steadily making its way into pharmaceutical validation, where it promises faster documentation, smarter testing strategies, and better handling of deviations. These gains are attractive, but in a regulated environment speed is never enough. Regulators want assurance that every system is reliable, that decisions are explainable, and that human accountability remains central. This paper sets out a Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) AI approach for Computer System Validation (CSV) and Computer Software Assurance (CSA). It relies on explainable AI (XAI) tools but keeps structured human review in place, so automation can be used without creating… More >

Amir Sina Darabi^*, Mehdi Ravanshadnia

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.9, pp. 3753-3792, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.065241 - 26 August 2025

Abstract Although currently, a large part of the existing buildings is considered inefficient in terms of energy, the ability to save energy consumption up to 80% has been proven in residential and commercial buildings. Also, carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gases contributing to climate change and is responsible for 60% of global warming. The facade of the building, as the main intermediary between the interior and exterior spaces, plays a significant role in adjusting the weather conditions and providing thermal comfort to the residents. In this research, 715 different scenarios were defined… More >

Wenlong Ke^1,2,*, Zilong Li¹, Peiyu Chen¹, Benfeng Chen¹, Jinglin Lv¹, Qiang Wang², Ziyi Jia², Shigen Shen¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 3305-3319, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.065665 - 03 July 2025

Abstract Zero Trust Network (ZTN) enhances network security through strict authentication and access control. However, in the ZTN, optimizing flow control to improve the quality of service is still facing challenges. Software Defined Network (SDN) provides solutions through centralized control and dynamic resource allocation, but the existing scheduling methods based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) are insufficient in terms of convergence speed and dynamic optimization capability. To solve these problems, this paper proposes DRL-AMIR, which is an efficient flow scheduling method for software defined ZTN. This method constructs a flow scheduling optimization model that comprehensively considers… More >

Shaoming Qiu, Jingjie He, Yan Wang^*, Bicong E

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.3, pp. 4879-4898, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.061532 - 19 May 2025

Abstract Software defect prediction (SDP) aims to find a reliable method to predict defects in specific software projects and help software engineers allocate limited resources to release high-quality software products. Software defect prediction can be effectively performed using traditional features, but there are some redundant or irrelevant features in them (the presence or absence of this feature has little effect on the prediction results). These problems can be solved using feature selection. However, existing feature selection methods have shortcomings such as insignificant dimensionality reduction effect and low classification accuracy of the selected optimal feature subset. In… More >

Daixuan Zhou¹, Zhichao Wang¹, Kaile Xi², Chong Zuo³, Yan Jia^2,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.5, pp. 2119-2153, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061712 - 25 April 2025

Abstract HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables) is an effective simulation and optimization platform for hybrid renewable energy. By inputting specific users’ energy resource data (such as wind speed, solar radiation, etc.) and load data, and by determining the types and models of components selected by the user, HOMER calculates and simulates the operational status of each component at every time step. Ultimately, it computes the energy balance of the system within specified constraints to simulate the overall system operation. This approach enables the reasonable determination of system component capacities, the evaluation of system feasibility,… More > Graphic Abstract

Bui Van Cong¹, Cho Do Xuan^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 3699-3723, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.050019 - 20 June 2024

Abstract The detection of software vulnerabilities written in C and C++ languages takes a lot of attention and interest today. This paper proposes a new framework called DrCSE to improve software vulnerability detection. It uses an intelligent computation technique based on the combination of two methods: Rebalancing data and representation learning to analyze and evaluate the code property graph (CPG) of the source code for detecting abnormal behavior of software vulnerabilities. To do that, DrCSE performs a combination of 3 main processing techniques: (i) building the source code feature profiles, (ii) rebalancing data, and (iii) contrastive… More >

Sureka Sivavelu, Venkatesh Palanisamy^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.3, pp. 3469-3487, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.047407 - 26 March 2024

Abstract The development of defect prediction plays a significant role in improving software quality. Such predictions are used to identify defective modules before the testing and to minimize the time and cost. The software with defects negatively impacts operational costs and finally affects customer satisfaction. Numerous approaches exist to predict software defects. However, the timely and accurate software bugs are the major challenging issues. To improve the timely and accurate software defect prediction, a novel technique called Nonparametric Statistical feature scaled QuAdratic regressive convolution Deep nEural Network (SQADEN) is introduced. The proposed SQADEN technique mainly includes… More >

Cheng Wang^1,2,*, Zhuowei Zheng¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.2, pp. 1563-1592, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031103 - 17 November 2023

Abstract The advent of Industry 4.0 has compelled businesses to adopt digital approaches that combine software to enhance production efficiency. In this rapidly evolving market, software development is an ongoing process that must be tailored to meet the dynamic needs of enterprises. However, internal research and development can be prohibitively expensive, driving many enterprises to outsource software development and upgrades to external service providers. This paper presents a software upgrade outsourcing model for enterprises and service providers that accounts for the impact of market fluctuations on software adaptability. To mitigate the risk of adverse selection due… More >

Tarcízio Ferrão^1,*, Franklin Manene², Adeyemi Abel Ajibesin³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.3, pp. 4985-5007, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.038276 - 29 April 2023

Abstract Currently, the Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing communication technology by facilitating the sharing of information between different physical devices connected to a network. To improve control, customization, flexibility, and reduce network maintenance costs, a new Software-Defined Network (SDN) technology must be used in this infrastructure. Despite the various advantages of combining SDN and IoT, this environment is more vulnerable to various attacks due to the centralization of control. Most methods to ensure IoT security are designed to detect Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks, but they often lack mechanisms to mitigate their severity. This paper proposes… More >

Babangida Isyaku^1,2,*, Kamalrulnizam Bin Abu Bakar¹, Wamda Nagmeldin³, Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud⁴, Faisal Saeed^5,6, Fuad A. Ghaleb¹

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.3, pp. 3729-3748, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.034509 - 03 April 2023

Abstract Software Defined Networks (SDN) introduced better network management by decoupling control and data plane. However, communication reliability is the desired property in computer networks. The frequency of communication link failure degrades network performance, and service disruptions are likely to occur. Emerging network applications, such as delay-sensitive applications, suffer packet loss with higher Round Trip Time (RTT). Several failure recovery schemes have been proposed to address link failure recovery issues in SDN. However, these schemes have various weaknesses, which may not always guarantee service availability. Communication paths differ in their roles; some paths are critical because… More >